在VirtualBox中安装Ubuntu 8.04 Server(3,配置本机网络)
配置本机网络:
启动Virtual Box并登录Ubuntu Linux系统后,可以通过命令:
$ ifconfig
来查看网络配置(注意“$”是提示符)。显示信息如下:
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr00:19:d1:a8:8b:41
inet addr:
inet6 addr: fe80::219:d1ff:fea8:8b41/64 Scope:Link
UPBROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RXpackets:1126 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TXpackets:933 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RXbytes:300690 (293.6 KB) TX bytes:564208(550.9 KB)
Base address:0x1000 Memory:e0100000-e0120000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UPLOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RXpackets:2098 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TXpackets:2098 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RXbytes:1156453 (1.1 MB) TX bytes:1156453(1.1 MB)
这说明Linux系统是可以访问Internet的。我们可以通过命令:
$ ping www.google.com
来验证。验证结果如下:
64 bytes from ty-in-f99.1e100.net (74.125.153.99):icmp_seq=1 ttl=48 time=151 ms
64 bytes from ty-in-f99.1e100.net (74.125.153.99):icmp_seq=2 ttl=48 time=153 ms
64 bytes from ty-in-f99.1e100.net (74.125.153.99):icmp_seq=3 ttl=48 time=151 ms
64 bytes from ty-in-f99.1e100.net (74.125.153.99):icmp_seq=4 ttl=48 time=151 ms
--- www.l.google.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss,time 3006ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev =151.163/151.955/153.234/0.907 ms
不过目前,还不能用本机访问虚拟机里的Ubuntu Server,原因是Virtual Box的第二块网卡还没有被驱动起来。我们可以通过ifconfig命令让Ubuntu开启第二块网卡,方式如下:
$ sudo ifconfig eth1 192.168.56.101 netmask 255.255.255.0
$ sudo ifconfig eth1 up
通过ifconfig命令给第二块网卡设置IP地址、子网掩码,并开启该网卡。我们再次运行ifconfig命令查看网络配置:
$ ifconfig
显示结果如下:
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr08:00:27:4d:48:62
inet addr:
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe4d:4862/64 Scope:Link
UPBROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RXpackets:9 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TXpackets:25 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:1768 (1.7 KB) TX bytes:3405 (3.3KB)
Interrupt:10 Base address:0xd020
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr08:00:27:d0:be:a8
inet addr:192.168.56.101 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fed0:bea8/64 Scope:Link
UPBROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RXpackets:169 errors:6 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TXpackets:39 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:24853 (24.2 KB) TX bytes:5062 (4.9KB)
Interrupt:9 Base address:0xd240
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UPLOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RXpackets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TXpackets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RXbytes:400 (400.0 B) TX bytes:400 (400.0B)
我们可以看到eth1,也就是第二块网卡已经开启。如果本机上安装了OpenSSH客户端工具,那么现在就可以登录到虚拟机中的Linux系统。但是现在还不是庆祝胜利的时候,因为当我们重新启动虚拟机后,Ubuntu不会自己驱动第二块网卡,还必须手动的运行ifconfig来驱动。为了彻底解决这个问题,我们需要修改/etc/network/interfaces文件。具体方式如下:
$ sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces
运行vim,编辑interfaces文件。在文件末尾添加以下内容:
# eth1
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.56.101
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast 192.168.56.255
保存并推出vim。重新启动虚拟机后,eth1也就是第二块网卡会自动开启。注意,一定要加上“broadcast 192.168.
如果遇到没有设置DNS服务器而无法访问外网的问题,可以通过vim编辑“/etc/resolv.conf”文件。在文件中添加DNS服务器地址:
nameserver 202.106.196.115
nameserver 202.106.196.152
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 192.168.1.1
添加完成之后保存并退出vim。重新启动networking,可以运行如下命令:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart