6.动态设置serializer和permission、个人中心修改（用户信息、收藏、留言、收货）

1.drf的api文档自动生成和功能详解

# urls.py
...
urlpatterns = [
    ...
    url(r'docs/', include_docs_urls(title='接口说明')),
]
...

# 访问报错“UnicodeDecodeError at /docs/”，解决如下：
# settings.py
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

    具体使用参考：http://www.django-rest-framework.org/topics/documenting-your-api/

2.动态设置serializer和permission获取用户信息

# users/serializers.py
...
class UserDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'name', 'mobile', 'birthday', 'gender')
...

# users/views.py
# 动态设置serializer 与 permission
...
# CreateModelMixin：创建数据；UpdateModelMixin：更新数据；RetrieveModelMixin：获取某条数据
class UserViewset(CreateModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    # serializer_class = UserRegSerializer
    queryset = User.objects.all()

    # 动态定义serializer_class
    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == 'create':
            return UserRegSerializer
        return UserDetailSerializer

    # 动态定义权限
    def get_permissions(self):
        if self.action == 'retrieve':
            return [IsAuthenticated(),]
        return []

    # 自定义返回的信息
    def get_object(self):
        return self.request.user

 3.用户收藏功能

# user_operation/serializers.py
...
from goods.serializers import GoodsSerializer
from .models import UserFav

class UserFavDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    goods = GoodsSerializer()
    class Meta:
        model = UserFav
        fields = ['goods', 'id']
...

# 动态设置serializers
# user_operation/views.py
...
from .serializers import UserFavSerializer, UserFavDetailSerializer

class UserFavViewset(mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    ...
    # serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
    ...
    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == "list":
            return UserFavDetailSerializer
        elif self.action == 'create':
            return UserFavSerializer
        return UserFavSerializer

4.用户留言功能

# user_operation/serializers.py
...
from .models import UserFav, UserLeavingMessage, UserAddress

class LeavingMessageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 设置为当前用户
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    # 格式化输出
    add_time = serializers.DateTimeField(read_only=True, format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
    class Meta:
        model = UserLeavingMessage
        fields = ['id', 'user', 'message_type', 'subject', 'message', 'file', 'add_time']
    ...

# user_operation/views.py
...
from .serializers import UserFavSerializer, UserFavDetailSerializer, LeavingMessageSerializer, AddressSerializer
...
class LeavingMessageViewset(mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    '''
    用户留言管理
    list:
        获取用户留言
    create:
        创建用户留言
    update:
        删除用户留言
    delete
    '''
    serializer_class = LeavingMessageSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication,)

    # 只获取当前用户的数据
    def get_queryset(self):
        return UserLeavingMessage.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
    ...

# urls.py
# 配置用户留言
router.register(r'messages', LeavingMessageViewset, base_name='messages')

5.用户收货地址功能

# user_operation/serializers.py
...
from .models import UserFav, UserLeavingMessage, UserAddress

class AddressSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 设置为当前用户
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    class Meta:
        model = UserAddress
        fields = ['id', 'user', 'province', 'city', 'district', 'address', 'signer_name', 'signer_mobile', 'add_time']
    ...    
    
# user_operation/views.py
...
from .serializers import UserFavSerializer, UserFavDetailSerializer, LeavingMessageSerializer, AddressSerializer

class AddressViewset(mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin, mixins.UpdateModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    '''
    收货地址管理
    list:
        获取收货地址
    create:
        创建收货地址
    update:
        更新收货地址
    partial_update:
        更新收货地址
    delete:
        删除收货地址
    '''
    serializer_class = AddressSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication,)

    # 只获取当前用户的数据
    def get_queryset(self):
        return UserAddress.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
    ...

# urls.py
# 配置用户收货地址
router.register(r'address', AddressViewset, base_name='address')