1.数据表设计与导入

    因为做项目断了二个月没学这个教程了。这部分是之前看了，就根据之前做的笔记提交上来，重新温故一下。看这个教程自己主要的目的是：加深对django rest framework的理解。

一、项目环境搭建。

 1.本地虚拟机环境信息

cat /etc/issue
lsb_release -a

2.创建虚拟环境

　　之前安装的笔记为：

pip install virtualenvwrapper
# 找到该文件的位置
sudo find / -name virtualenvwrapper.sh
  /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
# 复制该路径
vim ~/.bashrc
  #修改相应的路径
  export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virttualenvs
  source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
# 让它生效
source ~/.bashrc
mkvirtualenv py2scrapy
rm -rf py2scrap
# 删除相应文件就是删除虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv --python=/usr/bin/python3 py3scrapy

     创建自己对应的虚拟环境（MxShop）、并设置别名

#创建虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv MxShop
#设置虚拟环境中python的别名MxShopPython
vi /root/.bashrc
  # 添加以下内容
  # some more ls aliases
  ...
  alias MxShopPython='/root/.virttualenvs/MxShop/bin/python'
# 让别名生效
source /root/.bashrc
# 启动项目
MxShopPython manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8088

     在虚拟环境中添加常用工具：django等。

# 退出当前环境
deactivate
# 进入虚拟环境
workon MxShop
# 接下就是用pip安装相关的东西
pip install django==1.11

3.创建项目MxShop:(django相关知识可参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/6083427.html)

# 创建django项目
/root/.virttualenvs/MxShop/bin/django-admin.py startproject MxShop
# 因为一个项目下来，这个命令就只用一次，所有就没必要添加别名了
cd MxShop
MxShopPython manage.py
# 测试下是否正常

4.数据库配置（工具：Navicat）

　　这方面自己很熟悉就不多写了。先用Navicate（工具使用，可百度一下，傻瓜式使用方法）连接进虚拟机中的Mysql，再创建数据库MxShop，再在MxShop项目中的settings.py中配置下数据库（上面的django博客中已有相关介绍）。

　　环境中缺少myql驱动，修改如下：

apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
pip install mysqlclient

二、开始项目（新建相关应用与数据表设计）

1.新建应用

# 新建apps包==》将所有的app放进来
# 新建extra_apps==>放第三方的app包

# /media:保存上传的文件之类
# /templates:
# /db_tools:放一些python脚本

# pythoncharm小技巧：文件夹==》右键==》market root

# 创建相关应用
MxShopPython manage.py startapp goods
MxShopPython manage.py startapp trade
MxShopPython manage.py startapp user_operation
MxShopPython manage.py startapp users
MxShopPython manage.py startapp utils

让系统自动识别到对应的apps与extra_apps:

import os, sys

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))
sys.path.insert(1, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'extra_apps'))

目录结构：

2.数据表设计

goods:

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from DjangoUeditor.models import UEditorField
# Create your models here.


class GoodsCategory(models.Model):
    """
    商品类别
    """
    CATEGORY_TYPE = (
        (1, "一级类目"),
        (2, "二级类目"),
        (3, "三级类目"),
    )

    name = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="类别名", help_text="类别名")
    code = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="类别code", help_text="类别code")
    desc = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="类别描述", help_text="类别描述")
    category_type = models.IntegerField(choices=CATEGORY_TYPE, verbose_name="类目级别", help_text="类目级别")
    parent_category = models.ForeignKey("self", null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="父类目级别", help_text="父目录",
                                        related_name="sub_cat")
    is_tab = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否导航", help_text="是否导航")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "商品类别"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class GoodsCategoryBrand(models.Model):
    """
    品牌名
    """
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, related_name='brands', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="商品类目")
    name = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="品牌名", help_text="品牌名")
    desc = models.TextField(default="", max_length=200, verbose_name="品牌描述", help_text="品牌描述")
    image = models.ImageField(max_length=200, upload_to="brands/")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "品牌"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = "goods_goodsbrand"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Goods(models.Model):
    """
    商品
    """
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, verbose_name="商品类目")
    goods_sn = models.CharField(max_length=50, default="", verbose_name="商品唯一货号")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name="商品名")
    click_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="点击数")
    sold_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="商品销售量")
    fav_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="收藏数")
    goods_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="库存数")
    market_price = models.FloatField(default=0, verbose_name="市场价格")
    shop_price = models.FloatField(default=0, verbose_name="本店价格")
    goods_brief = models.TextField(max_length=500, verbose_name="商品简短描述")
    goods_desc = UEditorField(verbose_name=u"内容", imagePath="goods/images/", width=1000, height=300,
                              filePath="goods/files/", default='')
    ship_free = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name="是否承担运费")
    goods_front_image = models.ImageField(upload_to="goods/images/", null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="封面图")
    is_new = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否新品")
    is_hot = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否热销")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class IndexAd(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, related_name='category',verbose_name="商品类目")
    goods =models.ForeignKey(Goods, related_name='goods')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '首页商品类别广告'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class GoodsImage(models.Model):
    """
    商品轮播图
    """
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品", related_name="images")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="", verbose_name="图片", null=True, blank=True)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '商品图片'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class Banner(models.Model):
    """
    轮播的商品
    """
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='banner', verbose_name="轮播图片")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="轮播顺序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '轮播商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class HotSearchWords(models.Model):
    """
    热搜词
    """
    keywords = models.CharField(default="", max_length=20, verbose_name="热搜词")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="排序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '热搜词'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.keywords

trade:

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

from goods.models import Goods
User = get_user_model()
# Create your models here.


class ShoppingCart(models.Model):
    """
    购物车
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name=u"用户")
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name=u"商品")
    nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="购买数量")

    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '购物车'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("user", "goods")

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s(%d)".format(self.goods.name, self.nums)


class OrderInfo(models.Model):
    """
    订单
    """
    ORDER_STATUS = (
        ("TRADE_SUCCESS", "成功"),
        ("TRADE_CLOSED", "超时关闭"),
        ("WAIT_BUYER_PAY", "交易创建"),
        ("TRADE_FINISHED", "交易结束"),
        ("paying", "待支付"),
    )

    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户")
    order_sn = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=True, blank=True, unique=True, verbose_name="订单号")
    trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name=u"交易号")
    pay_status = models.CharField(choices=ORDER_STATUS, default="paying", max_length=30, verbose_name="订单状态")
    post_script = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name="订单留言")
    order_mount = models.FloatField(default=0.0, verbose_name="订单金额")
    pay_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="支付时间")

    # 用户信息
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="收货地址")
    signer_name = models.CharField(max_length=20, default="", verbose_name="签收人")
    singer_mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name="联系电话")

    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"订单"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.order_sn)

class OrderGoods(models.Model):
    """
    订单的商品详情
    """
    order = models.ForeignKey(OrderInfo, verbose_name="订单信息", related_name="goods")
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品")
    goods_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="商品数量")

    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "订单商品"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.order.order_sn)

user_operation:

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

from goods.models import Goods
# Create your models here.
User = get_user_model()


class UserFav(models.Model):
    """
    用户收藏
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户")
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品", help_text="商品id")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户收藏'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("user", "goods")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.username


class UserLeavingMessage(models.Model):
    """
    用户留言
    """
    MESSAGE_CHOICES = (
        (1, "留言"),
        (2, "投诉"),
        (3, "询问"),
        (4, "售后"),
        (5, "求购")
    )
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户")
    message_type = models.IntegerField(default=1, choices=MESSAGE_CHOICES, verbose_name="留言类型",
                                      help_text=u"留言类型: 1(留言),2(投诉),3(询问),4(售后),5(求购)")
    subject = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="主题")
    message = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="留言内容", help_text="留言内容")
    file = models.FileField(upload_to="message/images/", verbose_name="上传的文件", help_text="上传的文件")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户留言"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.subject


class UserAddress(models.Model):
    """
    用户收货地址
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户" )
    province = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="省份")
    city = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="城市")
    district = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="区域")
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="详细地址")
    signer_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="签收人")
    signer_mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, default="", verbose_name="电话")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "收货地址"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.address

users:

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

# Create your models here.


class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    """
    用户
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="姓名")
    birthday = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="出生年月")
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", "女")), default="female", verbose_name="性别")
    mobile = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=11, verbose_name="电话")
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="邮箱")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username


class VerifyCode(models.Model):
    """
    短信验证码
    """
    code = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name="验证码")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name="电话")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "短信验证码"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.code

3.数据插入（直接在db_tools写了二个脚本：import_category_data.py和import_goods_data.py）

import_goods_data.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys
import os


pwd = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
# 获取上级目录s
pwd = os.path.dirname(pwd)
sys.path.append(pwd)
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "MxShop.settings")

import django
django.setup()

from goods.models import Goods, GoodsCategory, GoodsImage

from db_tools.data.product_data import row_data

for goods_detail in row_data:
    goods = Goods()
    goods.name = goods_detail["name"]
    goods.market_price = float(int(goods_detail["market_price"].replace("￥", "").replace("元", "")))
    goods.shop_price = float(int(goods_detail["sale_price"].replace("￥", "").replace("元", "")))
    goods.goods_brief = goods_detail["desc"] if goods_detail["desc"] is not None else ""
    goods.goods_desc = goods_detail["goods_desc"] if goods_detail["goods_desc"] is not None else ""
    goods.goods_front_image = goods_detail["images"][0] if goods_detail["images"] else ""

    category_name = goods_detail["categorys"][-1]
    category = GoodsCategory.objects.filter(name=category_name)
    if category:
        goods.category = category[0]
    goods.save()

    for goods_image in goods_detail["images"]:
        goods_image_instance = GoodsImage()
        goods_image_instance.image = goods_image
        goods_image_instance.goods = goods
        goods_image_instance.save()

import_category_data.py:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


#独立使用django的model
import sys
import os


pwd = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
# 获取上级目录
pwd = os.path.dirname(pwd)
sys.path.append(pwd)
# 下面注释掉那个windows下有效，但在linux下会失效
# sys.path.append(pwd+"/..")
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "MxShop.settings")

import django
django.setup()

from goods.models import GoodsCategory

from db_tools.data.category_data import row_data

for lev1_cat in row_data:
    lev1_intance = GoodsCategory()
    lev1_intance.code = lev1_cat["code"]
    lev1_intance.name = lev1_cat["name"]
    lev1_intance.category_type = 1
    lev1_intance.save()

    for lev2_cat in lev1_cat["sub_categorys"]:
        lev2_intance = GoodsCategory()
        lev2_intance.code = lev2_cat["code"]
        lev2_intance.name = lev2_cat["name"]
        lev2_intance.category_type = 2
        lev2_intance.parent_category = lev1_intance
        lev2_intance.save()

        for lev3_cat in lev2_cat["sub_categorys"]:
            lev3_intance = GoodsCategory()
            lev3_intance.code = lev3_cat["code"]
            lev3_intance.name = lev3_cat["name"]
            lev3_intance.category_type = 3
            lev3_intance.parent_category = lev2_intance
            lev3_intance.save()