导出Werd

本文分步介绍如何利用 Visual C# .NET 的自动化功能在 Word 中创建新文档。 


代码示例
 本文中的代码示例将说明如何完成以下任务： •插入包含文本和格式的段落。
•浏览和修改文档中的不同范围。
•插入表格、设置表格格式并在表格中填充数据。
•添加图表。
 要利用 Visual C# .NET 的自动化功能创建新的 Word 文档，请执行以下步骤： 1.启动 Microsoft Visual Studio .NET。在文件菜单上，单击新建，然后单击项目。在项目类型下，单击 Visual C# 项目，然后单击模板下的 Windows 应用程序。默认情况下会创建 Form1。
2.添加对 Microsoft Word 对象库的引用。为此，请按照下列步骤操作：a.在项目菜单上，单击添加引用。
b.在 COM 选项卡上，找到 Microsoft Word 对象库，然后单击选择。
c.在添加引用对话框中单击确定，接受您的选择。如果系统提示您为选定的库生成包装，请单击是。

3.在视图菜单上，选择工具箱以显示工具箱，然后向 Form1 添加一个按钮。
4.双击 Button1。出现该窗体的代码窗口。
5.在代码窗口中，将以下代码

private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
}
                     替换为： 

private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
    object oMissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
    object oEndOfDoc = "\\endofdoc"; /* \endofdoc is a predefined bookmark */ 

    //Start Word and create a new document.
    Word._Application oWord;
    Word._Document oDoc;
    oWord = new Word.Application();
    oWord.Visible = true;
    oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oMissing, ref oMissing,
        ref oMissing, ref oMissing);

    //Insert a paragraph at the beginning of the document.
    Word.Paragraph oPara1;
    oPara1 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oMissing);
    oPara1.Range.Text = "Heading 1";
    oPara1.Range.Font.Bold = 1;
    oPara1.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;    //24 pt spacing after paragraph.
    oPara1.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

    //Insert a paragraph at the end of the document.
    Word.Paragraph oPara2;
    object oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
    oPara2 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
    oPara2.Range.Text = "Heading 2";
    oPara2.Format.SpaceAfter = 6;
    oPara2.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

    //Insert another paragraph.
    Word.Paragraph oPara3;
    oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
    oPara3 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
    oPara3.Range.Text = "This is a sentence of normal text. Now here is a table:";
    oPara3.Range.Font.Bold = 0;
    oPara3.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;
    oPara3.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

    //Insert a 3 x 5 table, fill it with data, and make the first row
    //bold and italic.
    Word.Table oTable;
    Word.Range wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
    oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 3, 5, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
    oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
    int r, c;
    string strText;
    for(r = 1; r <= 3; r++)
        for(c = 1; c <= 5; c++)
        {
            strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;
            oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;
        }
    oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Bold = 1;
    oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Italic = 1;

    //Add some text after the table.
    Word.Paragraph oPara4;
    oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
    oPara4 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
    oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphBefore();
    oPara4.Range.Text = "And here's another table:";
    oPara4.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;
    oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

    //Insert a 5 x 2 table, fill it with data, and change the column widths.
    wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
    oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 5, 2, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
    oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
    for(r = 1; r <= 5; r++)
        for(c = 1; c <= 2; c++)
        {
            strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;
            oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;
        }
    oTable.Columns[1].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(2); //Change width of columns 1 & 2
    oTable.Columns[2].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(3);

    //Keep inserting text. When you get to 7 inches from top of the
    //document, insert a hard page break.
    object oPos;
    double dPos = oWord.InchesToPoints(7);
    oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range.InsertParagraphAfter();
    do
    {
        wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
        wrdRng.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
        wrdRng.InsertAfter("A line of text");
        wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();
        oPos = wrdRng.get_Information
                       (Word.WdInformation.wdVerticalPositionRelativeToPage);
    }
    while(dPos >= Convert.ToDouble(oPos));
    object oCollapseEnd = Word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseEnd;
    object oPageBreak = Word.WdBreakType.wdPageBreak;
    wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);
    wrdRng.InsertBreak(ref oPageBreak);
    wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);
    wrdRng.InsertAfter("We're now on page 2. Here's my chart:");
    wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();

    //Insert a chart.
    Word.InlineShape oShape;
    object oClassType = "MSGraph.Chart.8";
    wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
    oShape = wrdRng.InlineShapes.AddOLEObject(ref oClassType, ref oMissing, 
        ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing,
        ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);

    //Demonstrate use of late bound oChart and oChartApp objects to
    //manipulate the chart object with MSGraph.
    object oChart;
    object oChartApp;
    oChart = oShape.OLEFormat.Object;
    oChartApp = oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("Application",
        BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, oChart, null);

    //Change the chart type to Line.
    object[] Parameters = new Object[1];
    Parameters[0] = 4; //xlLine = 4
    oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("ChartType", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
        null, oChart, Parameters);

    //Update the chart image and quit MSGraph.
    oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Update",
        BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);
    oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Quit",
        BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);
    //... If desired, you can proceed from here using the Microsoft Graph 
    //Object model on the oChart and oChartApp objects to make additional
    //changes to the chart.

    //Set the width of the chart.
    oShape.Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(6.25f);
    oShape.Height = oWord.InchesToPoints(3.57f);

    //Add text after the chart.
    wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
    wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();
    wrdRng.InsertAfter("THE END.");

    //Close this form.
    this.Close();
}
                    
 6.滚动到代码窗口的顶部。将下面的代码行添加到 using 指令列表的末尾：

using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
using System.Reflection;
                    
 7.按 F5 键生成并运行程序。
8.单击 Button1，启动 Word 自动化功能并创建文档。
 代码执行完成后，检查为您创建的文档。该文档包含两页设置了格式的段落、表格和图表。 


使用模板
 如果您要使用自动化功能创建的文档都是通用格式，则利用基于预设格式的模板的新文档来开始创建过程会更加容易。与从头创建文档相比，将某个模板与 Word 自动化客户端配合使用有两大优点： •您可以对整个文档中的对象的格式设置和布局施加更多控制。
•可以使用较少的代码创建文档。
 通过使用模板，可以精确地调整表格、段落和其他对象在文档中的布局，并可为这些对象添加格式设置。通过使用自动化功能，可以基于包含下面这样的代码的模板创建新文档： 

object oTemplate = "c:\\MyTemplate.dot";
oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oTemplate, ref oMissing,
    ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
                 在模板中，可以定义书签，这样，自动化客户端就可以在文档的特定位置加入可变文本，如下所示： 

object oBookMark = "MyBookmark";
oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.Text = "Some Text Here";
                 使用模板的另一个优点在于，您可以创建和存储希望在运行时应用的格式样式，如下所示： 

object oStyleName = "MyStyle";
oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.set_Style(ref oStyleName);
                 - 或者 - 

object oStyleName = "MyStyle";
oWord.Selection.set_Style(ref oStyleName);