写于vue3.0发布前夕的helloworld之二
接着,继续走,来到了vm.$mount。
开始生成render函数,生成VNode,由于是第一次加载,所以patch机制为只删除前一个dom节点机制,下面都会讲到。
先到$mount:
Vue.prototype.$mount = function (
el,
hydrating
) {
el = el && query(el);
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (el === document.body || el === document.documentElement) {
warn(
"Do not mount Vue to <html> or <body> - mount to normal elements instead."
);
return this
}
var options = this.$options;
// resolve template/el and convert to render function
if (!options.render) {
var template = options.template;
if (template) {
if (typeof template === 'string') {
if (template.charAt(0) === '#') {
template = idToTemplate(template);
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!template) {
warn(
("Template element not found or is empty: " + (options.template)),
this
);
}
}
} else if (template.nodeType) {
template = template.innerHTML;
} else {
{
warn('invalid template option:' + template, this);
}
return this
}
} else if (el) {
template = getOuterHTML(el);
}
if (template) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (config.performance && mark) {
mark('compile');
}
var ref = compileToFunctions(template, {
outputSourceRange: "development" !== 'production',
shouldDecodeNewlines: shouldDecodeNewlines,
shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref: shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref,
delimiters: options.delimiters,
comments: options.comments
}, this);
var render = ref.render;
var staticRenderFns = ref.staticRenderFns;
options.render = render;
options.staticRenderFns = staticRenderFns;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (config.performance && mark) {
mark('compile end');
measure(("vue " + (this._name) + " compile"), 'compile', 'compile end');
}
}
}
return mount.call(this, el, hydrating)
};一句句来讲,这里边是挺长,但是足够简单,首先判断el是否为body或者html元素,是则警告,然后退出当前函数,然后根据条件拿到template,因为我们没有设置render和template,所以template走else分支getOuterHTML,拿到template之后,会将当前的template编译成一个render函数,这个编译函数叫做compileToFunctions:这个函数是真的长,而且与主题干系不大,这里我们用文字解释一下就行,首先他是一个闭包函数,闭包了一个叫cache的对象这个对象是缓存当前已经编译过的模板的,进入函数之后有缓存直接返回缓存,没有的话就会执行compile函数,这些都是编译过程,最终compile会调用parseHTML方法使用正则加字符串分析字符串,返回一个这样的对象:
{
"type":1,
"tag":"div",
"attrsList":[
{"name":"id","value":"app","start":5,"end":13}
],
"attrsMap":{
"id":"app"
},
"rawAttrsMap":{
"id":{
"name":"id",
"value":"app",
"start":5,
"end":13
}
},
"children":
[
{
"type":2,
"expression":"_s(msg)",
"tokens":[{"@binding":"msg"}],
"text":"{{msg}}",
"start":14,"end":21
}
],
"start":0,
"end":27,
"plain":false,
"attrs":[{"name":"id","value":"\"app\"","start":5,"end":13}]
}这就是我们的ast语法树,之后会根据ast生成code,这个方法叫做generate:
function generate (
ast,
options
) {
var state = new CodegenState(options);
var code = ast ? genElement(ast, state) : '_c("div")';
return {
render: ("with(this){return " + code + "}"),
staticRenderFns: state.staticRenderFns
}
}这个方法调用了genElement方法,简而言之,里边的方法生成code时都会以ast上的值为原料,进行字符串拼接,最后code长这样:
_c('div',{attrs:{"id":"app"}},[_v(_s(msg))])这里做一下解释_c,_v都是vue内部创建虚拟dom的函数,_s其实就是将当前值转化成字符串,继续走,generate执行完毕之后返回到compileToFunctions,这个时候拼接好的render字符串是这样:
"with(this){return _c('div',{attrs:{"id":"app"}},[_v(_s(msg))])}"然后会使用new Function 将其生成一个函数,这个函数就是我们的render,组建上的render,执行完compileToFunctions,继续回到$mount函数里,执行最终的$mount:
Vue.prototype.$mount = function (
el,
hydrating
) {
el = el && inBrowser ? query(el) : undefined;
return mountComponent(this, el, hydrating)
};可见mout调用了mountComponent方法:
function mountComponent (
vm,
el,
hydrating
) {
vm.$el = el;
if (!vm.$options.render) {
vm.$options.render = createEmptyVNode;
{
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ((vm.$options.template && vm.$options.template.charAt(0) !== '#') ||
vm.$options.el || el) {
warn(
'You are using the runtime-only build of Vue where the template ' +
'compiler is not available. Either pre-compile the templates into ' +
'render functions, or use the compiler-included build.',
vm
);
} else {
warn(
'Failed to mount component: template or render function not defined.',
vm
);
}
}
}
callHook(vm, 'beforeMount');
var updateComponent;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (config.performance && mark) {
updateComponent = function () {
var name = vm._name;
var id = vm._uid;
var startTag = "vue-perf-start:" + id;
var endTag = "vue-perf-end:" + id;
mark(startTag);
var vnode = vm._render();
mark(endTag);
measure(("vue " + name + " render"), startTag, endTag);
mark(startTag);
vm._update(vnode, hydrating);
mark(endTag);
measure(("vue " + name + " patch"), startTag, endTag);
};
} else {
updateComponent = function () {
vm._update(vm._render(), hydrating);
};
}
// we set this to vm._watcher inside the watcher's constructor
// since the watcher's initial patch may call $forceUpdate (e.g. inside child
// component's mounted hook), which relies on vm._watcher being already defined
new Watcher(vm, updateComponent, noop, {
before: function before () {
if (vm._isMounted && !vm._isDestroyed) {
callHook(vm, 'beforeUpdate');
}
}
}, true /* isRenderWatcher */);
hydrating = false;
// manually mounted instance, call mounted on self
// mounted is called for render-created child components in its inserted hook
if (vm.$vnode == null) {
vm._isMounted = true;
callHook(vm, 'mounted');
}
return vm
}mountComponent方法一进来,先判断是否有render,之后会根据条件警告一些信息。然后开始调起beforeMount钩子函数,下来初始化一个updateComponent方法,他的正常版本长这样:
updateComponent = function () {
vm._update(vm._render(), hydrating);
};实际上在组建的dom更新,包括第一次挂载,和随后的相应式更新上,本质都用的是这一个函数。然后继续走,重头戏来啦,watcher在这里开始初始化,注意传给他的第四个参数,在哪里我们把要调用beforeUpdate给传了过去。
我们的下面来到watcher的构造函数:

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