.Net Core中的日志组件(Logging)以及源码解析

1、介绍

  Logging组件是微软实现的日志记录组件包括控制台(Console)、调试(Debug)、事件日志(EventLog)和TraceSource,但是没有实现最常用用的文件记录日志功能(可以用其他第三方的如log4net,NLog和Serilog)。

2.1 默认配置

        private readonly IBlogService _blogService;
        private readonly ILogger<BlogController> _logger;
        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="blogService"></param>
        /// <param name="logger"></param>
        public BlogController(IBlogService blogService, ILogger<BlogController> logger)
        {
            _blogService = blogService;
            _logger = logger;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpGet]
        public MethodResult TestLogger()
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("正在请求Test接口!");
            _logger.LogWarning("三方请求接口,请求终止!");
            _logger.LogError("操作异常!");
            _blogService.Test();
            return new MethodResult(1);
        }

运行结果:

 

 

 

写到这里是不是有个疑问,为啥我就仅仅写了注入就起作用了呢?下面我们来看一下源码实现。

我们点进 WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args) 可以看到源码微软有对 ConfigureLogging 的实现。 

 

 

 

2.2  IServiceCollection注入AddLogging

services.AddLogging(builder =>
            {
                builder.AddConfiguration(Configuration.GetSection("Logging"))
                .AddConsole()
                .AddDebug();
            });

2.3  注入ILoggerFactory 创建ILogger

//注入ILoggerFactory 创建ILogger
            ILogger logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<Program>();
            logger.LogInformation("非主机模式输出log message");

 

2.4 Logging源码解析

三种配置其实都是为了注入日志相关的服务,但是调用的方法稍有不同。现在我们以第二种配置来详细看看其注入过程。首先调用AddLogging方法,其实现源码如下:
public static IServiceCollection AddLogging(this IServiceCollection services, Action<ILoggingBuilder> configure)
        {
            if (services == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("services");
            }

            services.AddOptions();
            services.TryAdd(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<ILoggerFactory, LoggerFactory>());
            services.TryAdd(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton(typeof(ILogger<>), typeof(Logger<>)));
            services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton((IConfigureOptions<LoggerFilterOptions>)new DefaultLoggerLevelConfigureOptions(LogLevel.Information)));
            configure(new LoggingBuilder(services));
            return services;
        }

接着会调用AddConfiguration

public static ILoggingBuilder AddConfiguration(this ILoggingBuilder builder, IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            builder.AddConfiguration();
       //下面为AddConfiguration的实现
        public static void AddConfiguration(this ILoggingBuilder builder)
        {
          builder.Services.TryAddSingleton<ILoggerProviderConfigurationFactory, LoggerProviderConfigurationFactory>();
          builder.Services.TryAddSingleton(typeof(ILoggerProviderConfiguration<>), typeof(LoggerProviderConfiguration<>));
        }

            builder.Services.AddSingleton<IConfigureOptions<LoggerFilterOptions>>(new LoggerFilterConfigureOptions(configuration));
            builder.Services.AddSingleton<IOptionsChangeTokenSource<LoggerFilterOptions>>(new ConfigurationChangeTokenSource<LoggerFilterOptions>(configuration));
            builder.Services.AddSingleton(new LoggingConfiguration(configuration));

            return builder;
        }

下面来看打印日志的具体实现:

public void Log<TState>(LogLevel logLevel, EventId eventId, TState state, Exception exception, Func<TState, Exception, string> formatter)        
{
       var loggers = Loggers;
            List<Exception> exceptions = null;
       //loggers为LoggerInformation数组,如果你在Startup中添加了Console、Deubg日志功能了,那loggers数组值有2个,就是它俩。
            foreach (var loggerInfo in loggers)
            {  //循环遍历每一种日志打印,如果满足些日子的条件,才执行打印log方法。比如某一个日志等级为Info,
          //但是Console配置的最低打印等级为Warning,Debug配置的最低打印等级为Debug
          //则Console中不会打印,Debug中会被打印
                if (!loggerInfo.IsEnabled(logLevel))
                {
                    continue;
                }
                try
                {
            //每一种类型的日志,对应的打印方法不同。执行对应的打印方法
                    loggerInfo.Logger.Log(logLevel, eventId, state, exception, formatter);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    if (exceptions == null)
                    {
                        exceptions = new List<Exception>();
                    }

                    exceptions.Add(ex);
                }
            }
    }

下面具体看一下Console的打印实现:

首先ConsoleLogger实现了ILogger的Log方法,并在方法中调用WriteMessage方法

public void Log<TState>(LogLevel logLevel, EventId eventId, TState state, Exception exception, Func<TState, Exception, string> formatter)
        {
       //代码太多 我就省略一些判空代码
            var message = formatter(state, exception);

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message) || exception != null)
            {
                WriteMessage(logLevel, Name, eventId.Id, message, exception);
            }
        }

        public virtual void WriteMessage(LogLevel logLevel, string logName, int eventId, string message, Exception exception)
        {
       .......
            if (logBuilder.Length > 0)
            {
                var hasLevel = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(logLevelString);
                //这里是主要的代码实现,可以看到,并没有写日志的代码,而是将日志打入到一个BlockingCollection<LogMessageEntry>队列中
         //这里需要指出 BlockingCollection是线程安全的集合,多个线程同时访问,不会发生数据混乱。
                _queueProcessor.EnqueueMessage(new LogMessageEntry()
                {
                    Message = logBuilder.ToString(),
                    MessageColor = DefaultConsoleColor,
                    LevelString = hasLevel ? logLevelString : null,
                    LevelBackground = hasLevel ? logLevelColors.Background : null,
                    LevelForeground = hasLevel ? logLevelColors.Foreground : null
                });
            }
       ......
        }

下面看日志被放入队列后的具体实现:
public class ConsoleLoggerProcessor : IDisposable
{
    private const int _maxQueuedMessages = 1024;

    private readonly BlockingCollection<LogMessageEntry> _messageQueue = new BlockingCollection<LogMessageEntry>(_maxQueuedMessages);
    private readonly Thread _outputThread;

   public IConsole Console;

        public ConsoleLoggerProcessor()
        {
            //在构造函数中启动一个线程,执行ProcessLogQueue方法
       //从下面ProcessLogQueue方法可以看出,是循环遍历集合,将集合中的数据打印

            _outputThread = new Thread(ProcessLogQueue)
            {
                IsBackground = true,
                Name = "Console logger queue processing thread"public virtual void EnqueueMessage(LogMessageEntry message)
        {
            if (!_messageQueue.IsAddingCompleted)
            {
                try
                {
                    _messageQueue.Add(message);
                    return;
                }
                catch (InvalidOperationException) { }
            }

            WriteMessage(message);
        }

        internal virtual void WriteMessage(LogMessageEntry message)
        {
            if (message.LevelString != null)
            {
                Console.Write(message.LevelString, message.LevelBackground, message.LevelForeground);
            }

            Console.Write(message.Message, message.MessageColor, message.MessageColor);
            Console.Flush();
        }

        private void ProcessLogQueue()
        {
    
            try
        {
          //GetConsumingEnumerable()方法比较特殊,当集合中没有值时,会阻塞自己,一但有值了,直到集合中又有元素继续遍历
          foreach (var message in _messageQueue.GetConsumingEnumerable())
                {
                    WriteMessage(message);
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                try
                {
                    _messageQueue.CompleteAdding();
                }
                catch { }
            }
        }
  }

 

posted @ 2020-08-31 17:34  吴政恒  阅读(916)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报