DRF频率

内置的频率限制(限制未登录用户)

# 全局使用  限制未登录用户一分钟访问5次
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
    ),
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
        'anon': '5/m',
    }
}

##################### views.py
from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle

from rest_framework.permissions import IsAdminUser
from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication, BasicAuthentication


class TestView4(APIView):
    authentication_classes = []
    permission_classes = []

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response("我是未登录用户")

    
    
# 局部使用
from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle

from rest_framework.permissions import IsAdminUser
from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication, BasicAuthentication
from rest_framework.throttling import AnonRateThrottle

class TestView5(APIView):
    authentication_classes = []
    permission_classes = []
    throttle_classes = [AnonRateThrottle]
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response("我是未登录用户  TestView5")

 

内置频率限制之限制登录用户的访问频次

# 需求:未登录用户一分钟访问5次 登录用户一分钟访问10次
# setting中
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
        'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle'
    ),
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
        'user': '10/m',
        'anon': '5/m',

    }
# 局部配置:
    在视图类中配一个就行

 

自定制频率

# 自定制频率类,需要写两个方法
    -判断是否限次:没有限次可以请求True,限次了不可以请求False
       def allow_request(self, request, view)
    -限次后调用,显示还需要等待多长时间才能访问,返回等待的时间seconds数字
       def wait(self):

 

# 自定制的频率限制类
from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle

# 问?需不需要继承BaseThrottle? 可以不继承 鸭子类型
import time


class IPThrottle():
    # 定义成类属性
    VISIT_DIC = {}
    def __init__(self):
        self.history_list = []

    def allow_request(self, request, view):
        """
        #(1)取出访问者ip
        #(2)判断当前ip不在访问字典里,添加进去,并且直接返回True,表示第一次访问,在字典里,继续往下走
        #(3)循环判断当前ip的列表,有值,并且当前时间减去列表的最后一个时间大于60s,把这种数据pop掉,这样列表中只有60s以内的访问时间,
        #(4)判断,当列表小于3,说明一分钟以内访问不足三次,把当前时间插入到列表第一个位置,返回True,顺利通过
        #(5)当大于等于3,说明一分钟内访问超过三次,返回False验证失败
        :param request:
        :param view:
        :return:
        """
        ip = request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR')
        ctime = time.time()
        if ip not in self.VISIT_DIC:
            self.VISIT_DIC[ip] = [ctime, ]
            return True
        self.history_list = self.VISIT_DIC[ip]  # 当前访问者时间列表拿出来
        while True:
            if ctime - self.history_list[-1] > 60:
                self.history_list.pop()  # 把最后一个移除
            else:
                break
        if len(self.history_list) < 3:
            self.history_list.insert(0, ctime)
            return True
        else:
            return False

    def wait(self):
        # 当前时间,减去列表中最后一个时间
        ctime = time.time()
        return 60-(ctime-self.history_list[-1])

 

SimpleRateThrottle源码分析

    def allow_request(self, request, view):
        """
        Implement the check to see if the request should be throttled.

        On success calls `throttle_success`.
        On failure calls `throttle_failure`.
        """
        if self.rate is None:
            return True
        # 当前登录用户的ip地址
        self.key = self.get_cache_key(request, view)  # key: 'throttle_user_1'
        if self.key is None:
            return True

        # django缓存
        # 1)导包:from django.core.cache import cache
        # 2)添加缓存:cache.set(key, value, exp)
        # 3)获取缓存:cache.get(key, default_value)

        # 初次访问缓存为空,self.history为[],是存放时间的列表
        self.history = self.cache.get(self.key, [])
        # 获取一下当前的时间,存放到 self.now
        self.now = self.timer()

        # Drop any requests from the history which have now passed the
        # throttle duration

        # 当前访问与第一次访问时间间隔如果大于60s,第一次记录清除,不再算作一次计数
        # 10 20 30 40
        while self.history and self.history[-1] <= self.now - self.duration:
            self.history.pop()

        # history的长度与限制次数3进行比较
        # history的长度第一次访问0 第二次访问1 第三次访问2 第四次访问3失败
        if len(self.history) >= self.num_requests:
            # 直接返回False,代表频率限制了
            return self.throttle_failure()

        # history的长度未达到限制次数3,代表可以访问
        # 将当前时间插入到history列表的开头,将history列表作为数据存到缓存中,key是throttle_user_1,过期时间60s
        return self.throttle_success()
    

    def parse_rate(self, rate):
        """
        Given the request rate string, return a two tuple of:
        <allowed number of requests>, <period of time in seconds>
        """
        if rate is None:
            return (None, None)
        # 3  m
        num, period = rate.split('/')  # rate: '3/min'
        num_requests = int(num)
        duration = {'s': 1, 'm': 60, 'h': 3600, 'd': 86400}[period[0]]  # 取字符串第一个字符 m
        return (num_requests, duration)
    
    
     def get_rate(self):
        """
        Determine the string representation of the allowed request rate.
        """
        if not getattr(self, 'scope', None):
            msg = ("You must set either `.scope` or `.rate` for '%s' throttle" %
                   self.__class__.__name__)
            raise ImproperlyConfigured(msg)

        try:
            return self.THROTTLE_RATES[self.scope]  # scope: 'user'--->'3/min'
        except KeyError:
            msg = "No default throttle rate set for '%s' scope" % self.scope
            raise ImproperlyConfigured(msg)

 

posted @ 2021-06-11 17:13  Palpitate~  阅读(29)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报