二叉树操作--包括树的创建、树的高度、树的宽度、层序遍历、非递归遍历等

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#define STACK_INIT_SIZE 100
#define STACKINCREMENT 10

using namespace std;

 

typedef struct BiTNode{
 struct BiTNode *lchild;
 struct BiTNode *rchild;
 int data;
}BiTNode,*BiTree;

typedef struct{
 BiTree *top;
 BiTree *base;
 int stack_size;
}SqStack;

bool InitStack(SqStack &s)
{
 s.base = (BiTree *)malloc(STACK_INIT_SIZE * sizeof(BiTNode));

 if(!s.base) exit(-1);
 s.top = s.base;
 s.stack_size = STACK_INIT_SIZE;
 return true;
}

bool GetTop(const SqStack &s, BiTree &e)
{
 if(s.base == s.top) exit(-1);
 e = *(s.top-1);
 return true;
}

bool Push(SqStack &s,BiTree e)
{
 if((s.top - s.base ) >= STACK_INIT_SIZE)
  {
  s.base = (BiTree *)realloc(s.base,(STACK_INIT_SIZE + STACKINCREMENT) * sizeof(BiTNode));
  if(!s.base) exit(-1);
  s.stack_size +=  STACKINCREMENT;
  s.top = s.base + s.stack_size;
 }
 *(s.top++) = e;
 return true;
}

bool Pop(SqStack &s,BiTree &e)
{
 if(s.top == s.base) exit(-1);
 e = *(--s.top);
 return true;
} 

bool Clear(SqStack &s)
{
 s.top = s.base;
 return true;
}

bool IsEmpty(SqStack &s)
{
 if(s.base == s.top)
  return true;
 return false;
}

BiTree CreateTree(BiTree &root)
{
 int data = 0;
 cin>>data;
 if(data != 0)
 {
  //BiTree root = (BiTree)malloc(sizeof(BiTNode));
  root->data = data;
  BiTree root1 = (BiTree) malloc(sizeof(BiTNode));
  root->lchild = CreateTree(root1);
  BiTree root2 = (BiTree) malloc(sizeof(BiTNode));
  root->rchild = CreateTree(root2);
 }
 else
 {
  root = NULL;
 }
 return root;
}

void PreOderPrintTree(const BiTree root)
{
 if(root != NULL)
 { 
  cout<<root->data<<endl;
  PreOderPrintTree(root->lchild);
  PreOderPrintTree(root->rchild);
 }
}

void InOderPrintTree(const BiTree root)
{
 if(root != NULL)
 { 
  InOderPrintTree(root->lchild);
  cout<<root->data<<endl;
  InOderPrintTree(root->rchild);
 }
}

void PostOderPrintTree(const BiTree root)
{
 if(root != NULL)
 {  
  PostOderPrintTree(root->lchild);
  PostOderPrintTree(root->rchild);
  cout<<root->data<<endl;
 }
}

void TreeHeight(const BiTree root,int &Height)
{
 int LHeight = 0;
 int RHeight = 0;
 if(root != NULL)
 {
  TreeHeight(root->lchild,LHeight);
  TreeHeight(root->rchild,RHeight);
  Height = 1+(LHeight>=RHeight?LHeight:RHeight);
 }
 else
 {
  Height = 0;
 }
}

void TreeLeaves(const BiTree root,int &Leaves)
{
 if(root != NULL)
 {
  if(root->lchild == NULL && root->rchild == NULL)
  {
   Leaves++;
  }
  TreeLeaves(root->lchild,Leaves);
  TreeLeaves(root->rchild,Leaves);
 }
}

 

void LevelOrderPrintTree(const BiTree root)
{
 int front = 0;
 int rear = 1;
 BiTree TreeNode[100];  //最好用队列模拟，可以实时的删除元素。现在只是用了数组,最多有100个节点。
 TreeNode[front] = root;
 if(root == NULL)
  return;
 while(front < rear)
 {
  if(TreeNode[front] != NULL)
  {
   cout<<TreeNode[front]->data<<"\t";
   TreeNode[rear++] = TreeNode[front]->lchild;
   TreeNode[rear++] = TreeNode[front]->rchild;
  }
  front++;
 }
 cout<<"\n";
}

void TreeWidth(const BiTree root,int &Width)
{
 if(root->lchild == NULL && root->rchild == NULL)
  Width++;
 else
 {
  int LWidth = 0;
  int RWidth = 0;
  if(root->lchild != NULL)
  {
   TreeWidth(root->lchild,LWidth);
  }
  if(root->rchild != NULL)
  {
   TreeWidth(root->rchild,RWidth);
  }
  Width = LWidth + RWidth;
 }
}

void NonRecursionPrintTree(const BiTree root)
{
 SqStack s;
 InitStack(s);
 BiTree TNode;
 TNode = root;
 while(TNode || !IsEmpty(s))
 {
  if(TNode)
  {
   Push(s,TNode);
   TNode = TNode->lchild;
  }
  else
  {
   Pop(s,TNode);
   cout<<TNode->data<<"\t";
   TNode = TNode->rchild;
  }
 }
 cout<<"\n";
}
int main()
{
 BiTree root = (BiTree) malloc(sizeof(BiTNode));
 root = CreateTree(root);
 int Height = 0;
 TreeHeight(root,Height);
 cout<<"树的高度为："<<Height<<endl;
 int Leaves = 0;
 TreeLeaves(root,Leaves);
 cout<<"树的叶子节点数为："<<Leaves<<endl;
 cout<<"层序遍历二叉树：";
 LevelOrderPrintTree(root);
 int Width = 0;
 TreeWidth(root,Width);
 cout<<"树的宽度为："<<Width<<endl;
 cout<<"非递归访问二叉树为：";
 NonRecursionPrintTree(root);
 return 0;
}