理解twisted中的reactor和deferred(一)
Deferred是一个延迟加载对象,这个概念类似于tornado future,是调用异步操作返回的一个对象,其中包括了操作成功后的回调处理,错误后的回调处理。
简单讲,当我们需要执行一个耗时操作,比如下载某个大图片,此时用twisted的异步http请求,会给我们返回一个Deferred对象,让我们可以不用在这等图片下载完成,当前线程不会阻塞,而是可以去处理别的逻辑。twisted有一个底层event loop(类似tornado ioloop)处理线程),等图片下载完成后,会去自动触发Deferred的回调操作,这个细节我们不需要操作,我们要做的,就是添加这个回调逻辑,也就是常说的注册回调。(摘自:https://www.cnblogs.com/mactec/p/9850665.html)
实例代码(可在pycharm中运行):
from twisted.internet import reactor, defer
def getDummyData(inputData):
"""
This function is a dummy which simulates a delayed result and
returns a Deferred which will fire with that result. Don't try too
hard to understand this.
"""
print('getDummyData called')
deferred = defer.Deferred()
# simulate a delayed result by asking the reactor to fire the
# Deferred in 2 seconds time with the result inputData * 3
reactor.callLater(2, deferred.callback, inputData * 3) # 表示2秒后执行Deferred的回调函数,回调函数的参数是第三个参数
return deferred
def cbPrintData(result):
"""
Data handling function to be added as a callback: handles the
data by printing the result
"""
print('Result received: {}'.format(result))
deferred = getDummyData(3)
deferred.addCallback(cbPrintData)
# manually set up the end of the process by asking the reactor to
# stop itself in 4 seconds time
reactor.callLater(4, reactor.stop) # 4秒后停止reactor
# start up the Twisted reactor (event loop handler) manually
print('Starting the reactor')
reactor.run()
结果如下:


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