XML的序列化和反序列化

最近新项目一些数据文件都是XML文件，这样就涉及到对XML文件的测试。所以就抽时间把相关的知识整理归纳下。

 

什么是XML序列化与反序列化？

XML序列化将对象的公共字段和属性值序列化为XML流，以便传输或存储。反序列化根据流重新构造对象。XmlSerializer 类使你得以控制如何将对象编码到 XML 中。

 

以下是段简单的XML序列化与反序列化代码：

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace TestXML
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //将序列化的结果输出到XML文件里
            List<Book> books = new List<Book>();
            books.Add(new Book() { Author = "Lynn", Price = 100, Title = "C#" });
            books.Add(new Book() { Author = "Jason", Price = 100, Title = "J#" });
            Helper.Serialize<List<Book>>(books, "ExportBooks.xml");

            ////输出反序列化结果到控制台
            //Books books = Helper.Deserialize<Books>("Books.xml");
            //foreach (Book book in books.ArrayOfBooks)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine(book.Title + "'s price: " + book.Price);
            //}
        }
    }

    public class Helper
    {
        public static T Deserialize<T>(string fileName)
        {
            using (XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(fileName))
            {
                XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

                return (T)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
            }
        }

        public static void Serialize<T>(T obj, string fileName)
        {
            using (XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(fileName, Encoding.UTF8))
            {
                XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

                serializer.Serialize(writer, obj);
            }
        }
    }

    public class Books
    {
        [XmlElement("Book")]
        public Book[] ArrayOfBooks { get; set; }
    }

    public class Book
    {
        public decimal Price { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public string Author { get; set; }
    }
}

 

 测试的XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<Books>
 <Book>
 <Title>CLR via C#</Title>
 <Author>Jeffrey</Author >
 <Price>95.00</Price>
 </Book>
 <Book>
 <Title>C++ Primer</Title>
 <Author>Stanley</Author >
 <Price>100.00</Price>
 </Book>
 </Books> 

 

输出XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ArrayOfBook xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <Book>
    <Price>100</Price>
    <Title>C#</Title>
    <Author>Lynn</Author>
  </Book>
  <Book>
    <Price>100</Price>
    <Title>J#</Title>
    <Author>Jason</Author>
  </Book>
</ArrayOfBook>