FluentValidation在C# WPF中的应用
1. 引言
在.NET开发领域,FluentValidation以其优雅、易扩展的特性成为开发者进行属性验证的首选工具。它不仅适用于Web开发,如MVC、Web API和ASP.NET CORE,同样也能完美集成在WPF应用程序中,提供强大的数据验证功能。本文将深入探讨如何在C# WPF项目中运用FluentValidation进行属性验证,并展示如何通过MVVM模式实现这一功能。
2. 功能概览
我们的目标是构建一个WPF应用程序,它能够通过FluentValidation实现以下验证功能:
- 验证ViewModel层的基本数据类型属性,如int、string等。
- 对ViewModel中的复杂属性进行验证,这包括对象属性的子属性以及集合属性。
- 提供两种直观的错误提示样式,以增强用户体验。
先看实现效果图:

3. 解决问题与探索
在调研过程中,我发现FluentValidation官方文档主要关注于Web应用的验证。对于WPF和复杂属性的验证,官方文档提供的示例有限。然而,通过深入研究和实践,我找到了将FluentValidation与WPF结合使用的有效方法,特别是针对复杂属性的验证。
4. 开发步骤
4.1. 创建工程、库引入
首先,创建一个新的WPF项目,并引入FluentValidation库用于属性验证,以及Prism.Wpf库以简化MVVM模式的实现。
| <ItemGroup> | |
| <PackageReference Include="FluentValidation" Version="11.9.0" /> | |
| <PackageReference Include="Prism.Wpf" Version="9.0.271-pre" /> | |
| </ItemGroup> |
4.2. 创建实体类
我创建了两个实体类:Student和Field,分别代表对象属性和集合项属性。这两个类都实现了IDataErrorInfo接口:
IDataErrorInfo接口常用于提供实体数据验证的错误信息。这个接口包含两个成员:一个索引器(this[string columnName])和一个Error属性。索引器用于按属性名称提供错误信息,而Error属性则用于提供整个实体的错误概述。- 两个实体类和另外在后面提及的ViewModel中也实现
IDataErrorInfo接口,并在this[string columnName]索引器和Error属性中使用FluentValidation来验证属性。
4.2.1. 普通类 - Student
学生类包含5个属性:名字、年龄、邮政编码、最小值和最大值,其中最小值和最大值涉及关联验证,即最小值变化后通知最大值验证,反之同理。
| /// <summary> | |
| /// 学生实体 | |
| /// 继承BindableBase,即继承属性变化接口INotifyPropertyChanged | |
| /// 实现IDataErrorInfo接口,用于FluentValidation验证,必须实现此接口 | |
| /// </summary> | |
| public class Student : BindableBase, IDataErrorInfo | |
| { | |
| private int _age; | |
| private string? _name; | |
| private string? _zip; | |
| private readonly StudentValidator _validator = new(); | |
| public string? Name | |
| { | |
| get => _name; | |
| set => SetProperty(ref _name, value); | |
| } | |
| public int Age | |
| { | |
| get => _age; | |
| set => SetProperty(ref _age, value); | |
| } | |
| public string? Zip | |
| { | |
| get => _zip; | |
| set => SetProperty(ref _zip, value); | |
| } | |
| private int _minValue; | |
| public int MinValue | |
| { | |
| get => _minValue; | |
| set | |
| { | |
| SetProperty(ref _minValue, value); | |
| // 关联更新最大值验证 | |
| RaisePropertyChanged(nameof(MaxValue)); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| private int _maxValue; | |
| public int MaxValue | |
| { | |
| get => _maxValue; | |
| set | |
| { | |
| SetProperty(ref _maxValue, value); | |
| // 关联更新最小值验证 | |
| RaisePropertyChanged(nameof(MinValue)); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public string this[string columnName] | |
| { | |
| get | |
| { | |
| var validateResult = _validator.Validate(this); | |
| if (validateResult.IsValid) | |
| { | |
| return string.Empty; | |
| } | |
| var firstOrDefault = | |
| validateResult.Errors.FirstOrDefault(error => error.PropertyName == columnName); | |
| return firstOrDefault == null ? string.Empty : firstOrDefault.ErrorMessage; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public string Error | |
| { | |
| get | |
| { | |
| var validateResult = _validator.Validate(this); | |
| if (validateResult.IsValid) | |
| { | |
| return string.Empty; | |
| } | |
| var errors = string.Join(Environment.NewLine, validateResult.Errors.Select(x => x.ErrorMessage).ToArray()); | |
| return errors; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } |
上面关键代码在public string this[string columnName]:这里进行输入表单项的数据校验,FluentValidation调用就在这里,校验逻辑封装在StudentValidator,表单输入时会实时调用该处代码,columnName表示表单项的列名,就是View绑定的属性名。
4.2.2. 集合类 - Field
此类用作ViewModel中的集合项使用,模拟动态表单数据校验,简单包含4个属性:字段名称、字段显示名称、数据类型、数据值,表单主要根据数据类型验证输入的数据值是否合法。同样此实体需要继承IDataErrorInfo接口,用于触发FluentValidation验证使用。
| /// <summary> | |
| /// 扩展字段,用于生成动态表单 | |
| /// 继承BindableBase,即继承属性变化接口INotifyPropertyChanged | |
| /// 实现IDataErrorInfo接口,用于FluentValidation验证,必须实现此接口 | |
| /// </summary> | |
| public class Field : BindableBase, IDataErrorInfo | |
| { | |
| private string? _value; | |
| private readonly FieldValidator _validator = new(); | |
| public Field(DataType type, string typeLabel, string name, string value) | |
| { | |
| Type = type; | |
| TypeLabel = typeLabel; | |
| Name = name; | |
| Value = value; | |
| } | |
| /// <summary> | |
| /// 数据类型 | |
| /// </summary> | |
| public DataType Type { get; set; } | |
| /// <summary> | |
| /// 数据类型名称 | |
| /// </summary> | |
| public string TypeLabel { get; set; } | |
| /// <summary> | |
| /// 名称 | |
| /// </summary> | |
| public string Name { get; set; } | |
| /// <summary> | |
| /// 值 | |
| /// </summary> | |
| public string? Value | |
| { | |
| get => _value; | |
| set => SetProperty(ref _value, value); | |
| } | |
| public string this[string columnName] | |
| { | |
| get | |
| { | |
| var validateResult = _validator.Validate(this); | |
| if (validateResult.IsValid) | |
| { | |
| return string.Empty; | |
| } | |
| var firstOrDefault = | |
| validateResult.Errors.FirstOrDefault(error => error.PropertyName == columnName); | |
| return firstOrDefault == null ? string.Empty : firstOrDefault.ErrorMessage; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public string Error | |
| { | |
| get | |
| { | |
| var validateResult = _validator.Validate(this); | |
| if (validateResult.IsValid) | |
| { | |
| return string.Empty; | |
| } | |
| var errors = string.Join(Environment.NewLine, validateResult.Errors.Select(x => x.ErrorMessage).ToArray()); | |
| return errors; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public enum DataType | |
| { | |
| Text, | |
| Number, | |
| Date | |
| } |
看上面代码,public string this[string columnName]代码处写法和Student类一样,只是_validator变量类型不同,前者为StudentValidator,这里是FieldValidator,下面我们看看这两个类怎么写。
4.3. 创建验证器
对于每个实体类,我都创建了一个对应的验证器类:StudentValidator和FieldValidator。这些验证器类继承自AbstractValidator,并在其中定义了验证规则。验证属性的写法有两种:
-
可以在实体属性上方添加特性(本文不作特别说明,百度文章介绍很多);
-
通过代码的形式添加,如下方,创建一个验证器类,继承自AbstractValidator,在此验证器构造函数中写规则验证属性,方便管理。
本文使用第二种,下面通过创建StudentValidator和FieldValidator两个验证器类介绍。
4.3.1. StudentValidator
这是学生验证器StudentValidator,需要继承AbstractValidator,泛型指定前面需要验证的实体类Student:
| public class StudentValidator : AbstractValidator<Student> | |
| { | |
| public StudentValidator() | |
| { | |
| RuleFor(vm => vm.Name) | |
| .NotEmpty() | |
| .WithMessage("请输入学生姓名!") | |
| .Length(5, 30) | |
| .WithMessage("学生姓名长度限制在5到30个字符之间!"); | |
| RuleFor(vm => vm.Age) | |
| .GreaterThanOrEqualTo(0) | |
| .WithMessage("学生年龄为整数!") | |
| .ExclusiveBetween(10, 150) | |
| .WithMessage("请正确输入学生年龄(10-150)"); | |
| _ = RuleFor(vm => vm.Zip) | |
| .NotEmpty() | |
| .WithMessage("邮政编码不能为空!") | |
| .Must(BeAValidZip) | |
| .WithMessage("邮政编码由六位数字组成。"); | |
| RuleFor(model => model.MinValue).Must((model, minValue) => minValue < model.MaxValue).WithMessage("最小值应该小于最大值"); | |
| RuleFor(model => model.MaxValue).Must((model, maxValue) => maxValue > model.MinValue).WithMessage("最大值应该大于最小值"); | |
| } | |
| private static bool BeAValidZip(string? zip) | |
| { | |
| if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(zip)) | |
| { | |
| return false; | |
| } | |
| var regex = new Regex(@"\d{6}"); | |
| return regex.IsMatch(zip); | |
| } | |
| } |
代码简单,使用到数字的大小和范围验证(见Age)、字符串不能为空和长度限制(见Name)、字符串正则表达式验证(见Zip)、多属性关联验证(最小值和最大值,这里配合属性set时通知其他属性验证通知RaisePropertyChanged(nameof(MaxValue));)。
4.3.2. FieldValidator
动态表单数据值校验器,同理需要继承AbstractValidator,泛型指定前面需要验证的实体类Field::
| public class FieldValidator : AbstractValidator<Field> | |
| { | |
| public FieldValidator() | |
| { | |
| RuleFor(field => field.Value) | |
| .Must((field, value) => (field.Type == DataType.Text && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value)) | |
| || (field.Type == DataType.Number && double.TryParse(value, out _)) | |
| || (field.Type == DataType.Date && DateTime.TryParse(value, out _))) | |
| .WithMessage("1.文本不能为空;2.数字类型请填写数字;3.日志类型请填写日期类型"); | |
| } | |
| } |
这里写的简单了点:
- 文本数据类型,值不能为空;
- 数字数据类型,必须是
double类型; - 日期类型,必须能使用
DateTime转换;
本文只做简单演示,多种数据类型放Must方法中做统一验证,验证出错给出统一的提示信息,读者可按实际情况修改。
4.3.3. StudentViewModelValidator
此外,我还创建了一个StudentViewModelValidator,用于验证ViewModel层的属性。这个验证器能够处理基本数据类型、对象属性以及集合属性的验证。
| public class StudentViewModelValidator : AbstractValidator<StudentViewModel> | |
| { | |
| public StudentViewModelValidator() | |
| { | |
| RuleFor(vm => vm.Title) | |
| .NotEmpty() | |
| .WithMessage("标题长度不能为空!") | |
| .Length(5, 30) | |
| .WithMessage("标题长度限制在5到30个字符之间!"); | |
| RuleFor(vm => vm.CurrentStudent).SetValidator(new StudentValidator()); | |
| RuleForEach(vm => vm.Fields).SetValidator(new FieldValidator()); | |
| } | |
| } |
Title用于关联验证基本数据类型(string类型);CurrentStudent用于验证对象属性(Student类的实例),设置验证该属性时使用StudentValidator验证器;Fields用于验证集合属性(ObservableCollection<Field>),设置验证该属性子项时使用FieldValidator验证器,注意前面使用的RuleForEach表示关联集合中的项验证器。
4.4. ViewModel层实现
StudentViewModel与Student实体类结构类似,都需要实现IDataErrorInfo接口,该类由一个简单的string属性(Title)和一个复杂的Student对象属性(CurrentStudent)、集合属性ObservableCollection<Field> Fields组成,代码如下:
| /// <summary> | |
| /// 视图ViewModel | |
| /// 继承BindableBase,即继承属性变化接口INotifyPropertyChanged | |
| /// 实现IDataErrorInfo接口,用于FluentValidation验证,必须实现此接口 | |
| /// </summary> | |
| public class StudentViewModel : BindableBase, IDataErrorInfo | |
| { | |
| private Student _currentStudent; | |
| private string _title; | |
| private readonly StudentViewModelValidator _validator; | |
| public string Title | |
| { | |
| get => _title; | |
| set => SetProperty(ref _title, value); | |
| } | |
| public Student CurrentStudent | |
| { | |
| get => _currentStudent; | |
| set => SetProperty(ref _currentStudent, value); | |
| } | |
| public ObservableCollection<Field> Fields { get; } = new(); | |
| private DelegateCommand _saveCommand; | |
| public DelegateCommand SaveCommand => _saveCommand ??= new DelegateCommand(HandleSaveCommand, | |
| HandleCanExecuteSaveCommand); | |
| private DelegateCommand _cancelCommand; | |
| public DelegateCommand CancelCommand => | |
| _cancelCommand ??= new DelegateCommand(HandleCancelCommand, () => true); | |
| public StudentViewModel() | |
| { | |
| _validator = new StudentViewModelValidator(); | |
| CurrentStudent = new Student | |
| { | |
| Name = "李刚的儿", | |
| Age = 23 | |
| }; | |
| Fields.Add(new Field(DataType.Text, "文本,比如:四川省成都市场", "地址", "")); | |
| Fields.Add(new Field(DataType.Number, "数字,比如:12", "工龄", "")); | |
| Fields.Add(new Field(DataType.Date, "时间,比如:2023-09-26 05:13:23", "培训时间", "")); | |
| PropertyChanged += Validate; | |
| CurrentStudent.PropertyChanged += Validate; | |
| foreach (var field in Fields) | |
| { | |
| field.PropertyChanged += Validate; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| ~StudentViewModel() | |
| { | |
| PropertyChanged -= Validate; | |
| CurrentStudent.PropertyChanged -= Validate; | |
| foreach (var field in Fields) | |
| { | |
| field.PropertyChanged -= Validate; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| private void Validate(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) | |
| { | |
| _isCanExecuteSaveCommand = _validator.Validate(this).IsValid; | |
| SaveCommand.RaiseCanExecuteChanged(); | |
| } | |
| private void HandleSaveCommand() | |
| { | |
| var validateResult = _validator.Validate(this); | |
| if (validateResult.IsValid) | |
| { | |
| MessageBox.Show("看到我说明验证成功!"); | |
| } | |
| else | |
| { | |
| var errorMsg = string.Join(Environment.NewLine, | |
| validateResult.Errors.Select(x => x.ErrorMessage).ToArray()); | |
| MessageBox.Show($"慌啥子嘛,你再检查下输入噻:\r\n{errorMsg}"); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| private bool _isCanExecuteSaveCommand; | |
| private bool HandleCanExecuteSaveCommand() | |
| { | |
| return _isCanExecuteSaveCommand; | |
| } | |
| private void HandleCancelCommand() | |
| { | |
| MessageBox.Show("我啥都不做,退休了"); | |
| } | |
| public string this[string columnName] | |
| { | |
| get | |
| { | |
| var validateResult = _validator.Validate(this); | |
| if (validateResult.IsValid) | |
| { | |
| return string.Empty; | |
| } | |
| var firstOrDefault = | |
| validateResult.Errors.FirstOrDefault(error => error.PropertyName == columnName); | |
| return firstOrDefault == null ? string.Empty : firstOrDefault.ErrorMessage; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public string Error | |
| { | |
| get | |
| { | |
| var validateResult = _validator.Validate(this); | |
| if (validateResult.IsValid) | |
| { | |
| return string.Empty; | |
| } | |
| var errors = string.Join(Environment.NewLine, validateResult.Errors.Select(x => x.ErrorMessage).ToArray()); | |
| return errors; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } |
ViewModel属性验证和Student及Field类似,这里我加上了保存(SaveCommand)和取消(CancelCommand)两个命令,其中保存命令需要所有属性验证通过才可用,通过注册属性的变化事件PropertyChanged,在变化事件处理程序中验证:
| PropertyChanged += Validate; | |
| CurrentStudent.PropertyChanged += Validate; | |
| foreach (var field in Fields) | |
| { | |
| field.PropertyChanged += Validate; | |
| } |
| private void Validate(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) | |
| { | |
| _isCanExecuteSaveCommand = _validator.Validate(this).IsValid; | |
| SaveCommand.RaiseCanExecuteChanged(); | |
| } |
4.5. 视图层实现
在视图层,我创建了一个用户控件StudentView,用于显示输入表单和验证结果。通过绑定ViewModel层的属性和命令,视图层能够与ViewModel层进行交互,并实时显示验证错误。这里比较简单,提供简单属性标题(Title)、复杂属性(包括学生姓名(CurrentStudent.Name)、学生年龄( CurrentStudent .Age)、学生邮政编码( CurrentStudent .Zip)、最小值(CurrentStudent.MinValue)、最大值(CurrentStudent.MaxValue))验证、集合属性验证(Fields),xaml代码如下:
| <UserControl | |
| x:Class="WpfFluentValidation.Views.StudentView" | |
| xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" | |
| xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" | |
| xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" | |
| xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" | |
| xmlns:models="clr-namespace:WpfFluentValidation.Models" | |
| xmlns:vm="clr-namespace:WpfFluentValidation.ViewModels" | |
| mc:Ignorable="d" Padding="10"> | |
| <UserControl.DataContext> | |
| <vm:StudentViewModel /> | |
| </UserControl.DataContext> | |
| <Grid> | |
| <Grid.RowDefinitions> | |
| <RowDefinition Height="*" /> | |
| <RowDefinition Height="50" /> | |
| </Grid.RowDefinitions> | |
| <ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"> | |
| <Grid> | |
| <Grid.RowDefinitions> | |
| <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> | |
| <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> | |
| <RowDefinition Height="*" /> | |
| </Grid.RowDefinitions> | |
| <GroupBox Header="ViewModel直接属性验证"> | |
| <StackPanel> | |
| <Label Content="标题:" /> | |
| <TextBox Style="{StaticResource Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle1}" | |
| Text="{Binding Title, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| </GroupBox> | |
| <GroupBox Grid.Row="1" Header="ViewModel对象属性CurrentStudent的属性验证"> | |
| <StackPanel> | |
| <StackPanel> | |
| <Label Content="姓名:" /> | |
| <TextBox Style="{StaticResource Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle2}" | |
| Text="{Binding CurrentStudent.Name, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| <StackPanel> | |
| <Label Content="年龄:" /> | |
| <TextBox Style="{StaticResource Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle2}" | |
| Text="{Binding CurrentStudent.Age, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| <StackPanel> | |
| <Label Content="邮编:" /> | |
| <TextBox Style="{StaticResource Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle2}" | |
| Text="{Binding CurrentStudent.Zip, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| <StackPanel> | |
| <Label Content="最小值:" /> | |
| <TextBox Style="{StaticResource Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle2}" | |
| Text="{Binding CurrentStudent.MinValue, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| <StackPanel> | |
| <Label Content="最大值:" /> | |
| <TextBox Style="{StaticResource Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle2}" | |
| Text="{Binding CurrentStudent.MaxValue, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| </GroupBox> | |
| <GroupBox Grid.Row="2" Header="ViewModel集合属性Fields的属性验证"> | |
| <ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Fields}"> | |
| <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate> | |
| <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type models:Field}"> | |
| <Border Padding="10"> | |
| <Grid> | |
| <Grid.RowDefinitions> | |
| <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> | |
| <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> | |
| </Grid.RowDefinitions> | |
| <TextBlock Margin="0,0,0,5"> | |
| <Run Text="{Binding Name}" /> | |
| <Run Text="(" /> | |
| <Run Text="{Binding TypeLabel}" /> | |
| <Run Text=")" /> | |
| </TextBlock> | |
| <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Style="{StaticResource Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle2}" | |
| Text="{Binding Value, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> | |
| </Grid> | |
| </Border> | |
| </DataTemplate> | |
| </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate> | |
| </ItemsControl> | |
| </GroupBox> | |
| </Grid> | |
| </ScrollViewer> | |
| <StackPanel Grid.Row="1" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Orientation="Horizontal"> | |
| <Button Content="取消" Command="{Binding CancelCommand}" Style="{StaticResource Styles.Button.Common}" | |
| Margin="0 3 40 3" /> | |
| <Button Content="提交" Command="{Binding SaveCommand}" Style="{StaticResource Styles.Button.Blue}" | |
| Margin="0 3 10 3" /> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| </Grid> | |
| </UserControl> |
4.6. 错误提示样式
为了提升用户体验,我定义了两种错误提示样式:一种是通过红色图标提示输入框旁边的错误,另一种是在输入框右侧显示错误文字。这些样式定义在App.xaml中,并可以在整个应用程序中复用。
| <Application | |
| x:Class="WpfFluentValidation.App" | |
| xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" | |
| xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" | |
| StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml"> | |
| <Application.Resources> | |
| <Style TargetType="StackPanel"> | |
| <Setter Property="Margin" Value="0,5" /> | |
| </Style> | |
| <!-- 第一种错误样式,红色边框 --> | |
| <Style x:Key="Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle1" TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}"> | |
| <Setter Property="Width" Value="250" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Height" Value="25" /> | |
| <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Validation.ErrorTemplate"> | |
| <Setter.Value> | |
| <ControlTemplate> | |
| <DockPanel> | |
| <Grid | |
| Width="16" | |
| Height="16" | |
| Margin="3,0,0,0" | |
| VerticalAlignment="Center" | |
| DockPanel.Dock="Right"> | |
| <Ellipse | |
| Width="16" | |
| Height="16" | |
| Fill="Red" /> | |
| <Ellipse | |
| Width="3" | |
| Height="8" | |
| Margin="0,2,0,0" | |
| HorizontalAlignment="Center" | |
| VerticalAlignment="Top" | |
| Fill="White" /> | |
| <Ellipse | |
| Width="2" | |
| Height="2" | |
| Margin="0,0,0,2" | |
| HorizontalAlignment="Center" | |
| VerticalAlignment="Bottom" | |
| Fill="White" /> | |
| </Grid> | |
| <Border | |
| BorderBrush="Red" | |
| BorderThickness="2" | |
| CornerRadius="2"> | |
| <AdornedElementPlaceholder /> | |
| </Border> | |
| </DockPanel> | |
| </ControlTemplate> | |
| </Setter.Value> | |
| </Setter> | |
| <Style.Triggers> | |
| <Trigger Property="Validation.HasError" Value="true"> | |
| <Setter Property="ToolTip" | |
| Value="{Binding RelativeSource={x:Static RelativeSource.Self}, Path=(Validation.Errors)[0].ErrorContent}" /> | |
| </Trigger> | |
| </Style.Triggers> | |
| </Style> | |
| <!-- 第二种错误样式,右键文字提示 --> | |
| <Style x:Key="Styles.TextBox.ErrorStyle2" TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}"> | |
| <Setter Property="Width" Value="250" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Height" Value="25" /> | |
| <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Padding" Value="5,0" /> | |
| <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Validation.ErrorTemplate"> | |
| <Setter.Value> | |
| <ControlTemplate> | |
| <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> | |
| <AdornedElementPlaceholder x:Name="textBox" /> | |
| <Grid> | |
| <TextBlock Margin="10 0 0 0" Width="130" | |
| Foreground="Red" TextWrapping="Wrap" | |
| Text="{Binding [0].ErrorContent}" /> | |
| </Grid> | |
| </StackPanel> | |
| </ControlTemplate> | |
| </Setter.Value> | |
| </Setter> | |
| <Style.Triggers> | |
| <Trigger Property="Validation.HasError" Value="true"> | |
| <Setter Property="ToolTip" | |
| Value="{Binding RelativeSource={x:Static RelativeSource.Self}, Path=(Validation.Errors)[0].ErrorContent}" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Background" Value="LightPink" /> | |
| <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Red" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White" /> | |
| </Trigger> | |
| </Style.Triggers> | |
| </Style> | |
| <Style TargetType="GroupBox"> | |
| <Setter Property="Margin" Value="5" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Padding" Value="2" /> | |
| <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#FF0078D7" /> | |
| <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="2" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Background" Value="#FFF0F0F0" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#FF0078D7" /> | |
| <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold" /> | |
| </Style> | |
| <Style x:Key="Styles.Button.Common" TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> | |
| <Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="75" /> | |
| <Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="25" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Background" Value="White" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black" /> | |
| </Style> | |
| <Style | |
| x:Key="Styles.Button.Blue" | |
| BasedOn="{StaticResource ResourceKey=Styles.Button.Common}" | |
| TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> | |
| <Setter Property="Background" Value="Green" /> | |
| <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White" /> | |
| </Style> | |
| </Application.Resources> | |
| </Application> |
5. 效果展示
通过上述步骤的实现,我们得到了一个功能完善的WPF应用程序。它能够根据用户输入实时进行验证,并提供直观的错误提示。当所有属性都验证通过时,提交按钮将变为可用状态。

6. 源码分享
为了方便读者学习和交流,本文将所有代码同步到了Gitee和Github平台上。欢迎感兴趣的开发者访问以下链接获取源码:
- gitee: https://gitee.com/dotnet9/FluentValidationForWpf
- github: https://github.com/dotnet9/FluentValidationForWPF
7. 总结
通过本文的介绍和实践,我们成功将FluentValidation应用于C# WPF项目中,实现了对ViewModel层属性的全面验证。这不仅提升了数据的安全性和准确性,也为用户提供了更好的交互体验。希望本文能对广大开发者在WPF项目中使用FluentValidation提供有益的参考和启示。
参考:
- FluentValidation官网: https://fluentvalidation.net/
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