Nginx动静分离经典案例配置
随着Nginx高性能Web服务器大量被使用,目前Nginx最新稳定版为1.2.6,张宴兄在实际应用中大量使用Nginx,并分享Nginx高性能Web服务器知识,使得Nginx在国内也是飞速的发展。那今天咱们再来温习一下Nginx 动静分离知识,这里仅供参考。
一、实践环境:
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系统版本:CentOS6.0 X86_64Nginx版本:Nginx-1.2.6Tomcat版本:Tomcat-6.0.18 |
二、Nginx安装:
实际环境中安装Nginx,首先需要安装pcre库,然后再安装Nginx:
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#安装pcre支持rewrite库,也可以安装源码,注*安装源码时,指定pcre路径为解压源码的路径,而不是编译后的路径,否则会报错。yum install pcre-devel pcre -y#下载Nginx源码包cd /usr/src ;wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz#解压Nginx源码包tar -xzf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz#进入解压目录,然后sed修改Nginx版本信息为TDTWScd nginx-1.2.6 ; sed -i -e 's/1.2.6//g' -e 's/nginx\//TDTWS/g' -e 's/"NGINX"/"TDTWS"/g' src/core/nginx.h#预编译Nginx./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module#.configure预编译成功后,执行make命令进行编译make#make执行成功后,执行make install 正式安装make install#自此Nginx安装完毕!!! |
三、配置Nginx:
这里鉴于我的51CTO博客已经有Tomcat安装和配置了,这里忽略,只配置Nginx。
#进入Nginx应用目录cd /usr/local/nginx/conf#备份原nginx.conf文件mv nginx.conf nginx.bak创建 vi nginx.conf ,并写入如下内容:|
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user www www;worker_processes 8;worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;events{use epoll;worker_connections 102400;}http{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; charset utf-8; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 4k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 300m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; client_body_buffer_size 512k; proxy_connect_timeout 5; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 5; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on;###2012-12-19 change nginx logslog_format main '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr';#这里为后端服务器wugk应用集群配置,根据后端实际情况修改即可,tdt_wugk为负载均衡名称,可以任意指定#但必须跟vhosts.conf虚拟主机的pass段一致,否则不能转发后端的请求。upstream tdt_wugk { server 10.10.141.30:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.30:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.31:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.31:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.32:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.32:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;}#这里为后端APP应用负载均衡配置,根据后端实际情况修改即可。tdt_app为负载均衡名称,可以任意指定upstream tdt_app { server 10.10.141.40:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.40:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.41:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.41:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.42:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.141.42:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;}#include引用vhosts.conf,该文件主要用于配置Nginx 虚拟主机include vhosts.conf;} |
如上nginx.conf配置完毕,继续配置nginx虚拟主机,继续在当前目录创建vhosts.conf
vi vhosts.conf 内容如下:
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####www.wuguangke.cnserver { listen 80; server_name www.wuguangke.cn; index index.html index.htm;#配置发布目录为/data/www/wugk root /data/www/wugk; location / { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk; expires 3d; }#动态页面交给http://tdt_wugk,也即我们之前在nginx.conf定义的upstream tdt_wugk 均衡 location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$ { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk; }#配置Nginx动静分离,定义的静态页面直接从Nginx发布目录读取。 location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { root /data/www/wugk; #expires定义用户浏览器缓存的时间为3天,如果静态页面不常更新,可以设置更长,这样可以节省带宽和缓解服务器的压力 expires 3d; }#定义Nginx输出日志的路径 access_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log main; error_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log crit;}##########chinaapp.sinaapp.com 2012-12-19 server { listen 80; server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com; index index.html index.htm; root /data/www; location / { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_app; expires 3d; } location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$ { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://tdt_app; } location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { root /data/www/app; expires 3d; } access_log /data/logs/nginx_app/access.log main; error_log /data/logs/nginx_app/error.log crit;} |
四、部署测试:
后端配置好Tomcat服务,并启动,发布的程序需同步到Nginx的/data/www对应的目录,因为配置动静分离后,用户请求你定义的静态页面,默认会去nginx的发布目录请求,而不会到后端请求,所以这时候你要保证后端跟前端的程序保持一致,可以使用Rsync做服务端自动同步或者使用NFS、MFS分布式共享存储。
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#检查Nginx配置文件是否配置正确,提示Ok and successful表示正确,如下:[root@WEB-11-151 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful#启动Nginx服务/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx#查看Nginx进程是否启动ps -ef |grep nginx |

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