百度和谷歌的逆地址解析及GPS、谷歌地图和百度地图坐标之间的转换（python版）
PostGis用函数转换之后的4326坐标为GPS坐标，这个坐标不能直接在谷歌maps的API上面直接使用需要经过上面的转换，因为谷歌地图的国内参考坐标系为GCJ-02，而一般GPS为WGS84的坐标系。而且同一坐标百度和谷歌API逆向地址解析之后的结果不一致，这个需要后续验证：
谷歌：https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=23.082373643343487,113.69356554583203&key=${yourkey}&language=zh-CN
百度：http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder/v2/?location=lat,lon&output=json&ak=${yourkey}&extensions_road=ture&latest_admin=1&coordtype=wgs84
如果不能FQ谷歌的话替换maps.googleapis.com为ditu.google.cn。
下面为code：
def get_street_baidu(lat_gps, lng_gps): # 输入gps坐标，逆地址解析返回百度地图地址信息 try: url = 'http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder/v2/?&' \ 'location=' + str(lat_gps) + ',' + str(lng_gps) + \ '&output=json&ak=${yourkey}&extensions_road=ture&coordtype=wgs84ll' response = urllib.urlopen(url) string = response.read() json_data = json.loads(string, encoding='utf8') if 'result' in json_data.keys(): result = json_data['result'] street = result['addressComponent']['street'] else: street = None except Exception as e: print(e.message) return street def get_street_google(lat, lng): # 输入GPS坐标，返回逆地址解析谷歌地图地址，GPS坐标需要转换成谷歌地图坐标 try: url = 'https://ditu.google.cn/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=' + \ str(lat) + ',' + str(lng) + \ '&key=${yourkey}&language=zh-CN' response = urllib.urlopen(url) string = response.read() json_data = json.loads(string, encoding='utf8') if 'results' in json_data.keys(): result = json_data['results'] street = result[0]['address_components'][0]['long_name'] else: street = None except Exception as e: print(e.message) return street
转换坐标函数code:
#!/usr/bin/env python # coding:utf-8 # @author: KaiVen """ GPS坐标转换： WGS-84：是国际标准，GPS坐标（Google Earth使用、或者GPS模块） GCJ-02：中国坐标偏移标准，Google Map、高德、腾讯使用 BD-09：百度坐标偏移标准，Baidu Map使用 """ import math def transformLat(x, y): ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * math.sqrt(abs(x)) ret += (20.0 * math.sin(6.0 * x * math.pi) + 20.0 * math.sin(2.0 * x * math.pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0 ret += (20.0 * math.sin(y * math.pi) + 40.0 * math.sin(y / 3.0 * math.pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0 ret += (160.0 * math.sin(y / 12.0 * math.pi) + 320 * math.sin(y * math.pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0 return ret def transformLon(x, y): ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * math.sqrt(abs(x)) ret += (20.0 * math.sin(6.0 * x * math.pi) + 20.0 * math.sin(2.0 * x * math.pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0 ret += (20.0 * math.sin(x * math.pi) + 40.0 * math.sin(x / 3.0 * math.pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0 ret += (150.0 * math.sin(x / 12.0 * math.pi) + 300.0 * math.sin(x / 30.0 * math.pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0 return ret def delta(lat, lng): a = 6378245.0 # a: 卫星椭球坐标投影到平面地图坐标系的投影因子 ee = 0.00669342162296594323 # ee: 椭球的偏心率 dLat = transformLat(lng - 105.0, lat - 35.0) dLon = transformLon(lng - 105.0, lat - 35.0) radLat = lat / 180.0 * math.pi magic = math.sin(radLat) magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic sqrtMagic = math.sqrt(magic) dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * math.pi) dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * math.cos(radLat) * math.pi) return dLat, dLon def wgs2gcj(wgsLat, wgsLng): """ WGS-84转成GCJ-02 """ if outOfChina(wgsLat, wgsLng): print("The latitude or longitude is out of China!") return wgsLat, wgsLng lat, lng = delta(wgsLat, wgsLng) return wgsLat + lat, wgsLng + lng def gcj2wgs_rough(gcjLat, gcjLon): """ GCJ-02 转 WGS-84 粗略版 """ if outOfChina(gcjLat, gcjLon): print("The latitude or longitude is out of China!") return gcjLat, gcjLon lat, lng = delta(gcjLat, gcjLon) return gcjLat - lat, gcjLon - lng def gcj2wgs_accurate(gcjLat, gcjLon): """ GCJ-02 转 WGS-84 精确版 """ initDelta = 0.01 threshold = 0.000000001 dLat = initDelta dLon = initDelta mLat = gcjLat - dLat mLon = gcjLon - dLon pLat = gcjLat + dLat pLon = gcjLon + dLon wgsLat = 0 wgsLon = 0 i = 0 while 1: wgsLat = (mLat + pLat) / 2 wgsLon = (mLon + pLon) / 2 lat, lon = gcj2wgs_rough(wgsLat, wgsLon) dLat = lat - gcjLat dLon = lon - gcjLon if (abs(dLat) < threshold) and (abs(dLon) < threshold): break if dLat > 0: pLat = wgsLat else: mLat = wgsLat if dLon > 0: pLon = wgsLon else: mLon = wgsLon if ++i > 10000: break return wgsLat, wgsLon def gcj2bd(gcjLat, gcjLon): """ GCJ-02 转 BD-09 """ x_pi = math.pi * 3000.0 / 180.0 x = gcjLon y = gcjLat z = math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * math.sin(y * x_pi) theta = math.atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * math.cos(x * x_pi) bdLon = z * math.cos(theta) + 0.0065 bdLat = z * math.sin(theta) + 0.006 return bdLat, bdLon def bd2gcj(bdLat, bdLon): """ BD-09 转 GCJ-02 """ x_pi = math.pi * 3000.0 / 180.0 x = bdLon - 0.0065 y = bdLat - 0.006 z = math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * math.sin(y * x_pi) theta = math.atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * math.cos(x * x_pi) gcjLon = z * math.cos(theta) gcjLat = z * math.sin(theta) return gcjLat, gcjLon def wgs2mercator(wgsLat, wgsLon): """ WGS-84 to Web mercator mercatorLat -> y mercatorLon -> x """ x = wgsLon * 20037508.34 / 180. y = math.log(math.tan((90. + wgsLat) * math.pi / 360)) / (math.pi / 180) y = y * 20037508.34 / 180. return y, x def mercator2wgs(mercatorLat, mercatorLon): """ Web mercator to WGS-84 mercatorLat -> y mercatorLon -> x """ x = mercatorLon / 20037508.34 * 180 y = mercatorLat / 20037508.34 * 180 y = 180 / math.pi * (2 * math.atan(math.exp(y * math.pi / 180.)) - math.pi / 2) return y, x def outOfChina(lat, lng): """ 判断是否在中国范围外 """ if lng < 72.004 or lng > 137.8347: return True if lat < 0.8293 or lat > 55.8271: return True return False def haversine(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2): """ :param: 纬度1，经度1，纬度2，经度2（十进制度数） :return: 二个坐标之间的距离（单位米） Calculate the great circle distance between two points on the earth (specified in decimal degrees) """ # 将十进制度数转化为弧度 lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2 = map(math.radians, [lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2]) # haversine公式 dlon = lon2 - lon1 dlat = lat2 - lat1 a = math.sin(dlat / 2) ** 2 + math.cos(lat1) * math.cos(lat2) * math.sin(dlon / 2) ** 2 c = 2 * math.asin(math.sqrt(a)) r = 6371 # 地球平均半径，单位为公里 return c * r * 1000
坐标转换参考：https://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_260395_39205
