** 递归遍历 **
leetcode链接:前序遍历:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-preorder-traversal/description/ 中序遍历:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-inorder-traversal/submissions/682955973/ 后序遍历:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-postorder-traversal/submissions/682955496/
题目描述:使用递归遍历实现二叉树的前中后序遍历。
核心思路:前序即是:中左右节点进行遍历 中序是:左中右节点遍历。 后序是左右中节点遍历。 递归法需注意:终止条件(cur == NULL)

点击查看代码
//前序遍历
```cpp
class Solution {
public:
    void trvalseval(TreeNode* cur,vector<int>& vec){
        if(cur == NULL)return;
        vec.push_back(cur->val);//中
        trvalseval(cur->left,vec);//左
        trvalseval(cur->right,vec);//右
    }
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> vec;
        trvalseval(root,vec);
        return vec;
    }
};
//后序遍历
```cpp
class Solution {
public:
    void traversal(TreeNode* cur,vector<int>& vec){
        if(cur == NULL)return;
        traversal(cur->left,vec);
        traversal(cur->right,vec);
        vec.push_back(cur->val);
    }
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        traversal(root,result);
        return result;
    }
};
//中序遍历
```cpp
class Solution {
public:
    void traversal(TreeNode* cur,vector<int>& vec){
        if(cur == NULL)return;
        traversal(cur->left,vec);
        vec.push_back(cur->val);
        traversal(cur->right,vec);
    }
    vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        traversal(root,result);
        return result;
    }
};
**迭代遍历 ** leetcode链接:前序遍历:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-preorder-traversal/description/ 中序遍历:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-inorder-traversal/submissions/682955973/ 后序遍历:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-postorder-traversal/submissions/682955496/ 题目描述:使用迭代遍历实现二叉树的前中后序遍历。 核心思路:迭代法主要是手动创建栈,然后将节点压入栈。前序:先将root压入栈,然后出栈。接着先压入右节点,压入左节点,然后栈顶元素出栈(左节点),依次遍历。 中序:将root压入栈,然后一直将左子树的左节点遍历完,直到cur=NULL,当cur=NULL时,令cur=栈顶元素,然后cur=cur->right;(难以理解的情况下建议画图理解)依次遍历下去。 后序:先实现前序遍历,但是先遍历右子树,即中右左顺序遍历,然后将数组反转即是左右中。
点击查看代码
//前序
```cpp
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> vec;
        if(root == NULL)return vec;
        stack<TreeNode*> st;
        st.push(root);

        while(!st.empty()){
            TreeNode* cur = st.top();
            st.pop();
            vec.push_back(cur->val);
            //此处需注意,一轮循环中,左节点和右节点都有遍历。
            if(cur->right != NULL){
                //cur = cur->right;
                st.push(cur->right);
            }
            if(cur->left != NULL){
                //cur = cur->left;
                st.push(cur->left);
            }
        }
        return vec;
    }
};
//中序
```cpp
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        stack<TreeNode*> st;
        if(root == NULL)return result;
        TreeNode* cur = root;

        while(cur != NULL || !st.empty()){
            if(cur != NULL){
                st.push(cur);
                cur = cur->left;
            }
            else{
                cur = st.top();
                result.push_back(cur->val);
                cur = cur->right;
                st.pop();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
};
//后序
```cpp
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        if(root == NULL)return result;
        stack<TreeNode*> st;
        st.push(root);
        //不需要cur!=NULL,因为cur永远不会是NULL,除非root为空,未判断
        while(!st.empty()){
            TreeNode* cur = st.top();
            result.push_back(cur->val);
            st.pop();
            if(cur->left != NULL){
                st.push(cur->left);
            }
            if(cur->right != NULL){
                st.push(cur->right);
            }
        }
        reverse(result.begin(),result.end());
        return result;
    }
};