python实现mqtt发布订阅消息（windows）

 

一、消息队列服务器

这里我用到activemq-5.16.2，可到官网下载 http://activemq.apache.org/

1. 若遇到点击apache-activemq-5.16.2\bin\activemq.bat 出现闪退，64位系统请点击apache-activemq-5.16.2\bin\win64\activemq.bat，启动mqtt服务器
2. ActiveMQ mqtt默认端口为1883，测试服务器ip为192.168.1.103

3.在apache-activemq-5.16.2\conf\activemq.xml中，在<broker>标签底部，添加两个登录用户

        <plugins>

            <simpleAuthenticationPlugin>

               <users>
                  <authenticationUser username="UserName1" password="PassWord1" groups="users"/>
                  <authenticationUser username="UserName2" password="PassWord2" groups="users"/>
                  <authenticationUser username="test2" password="654321" groups="users,admins"/>
               </users>

            </simpleAuthenticationPlugin>

        </plugins>

如下图

二、mqtt通信过程图如下，接下来用python程序，模拟客户端1和客户端2的通信过程

 

 

 

 

 三、代码

封装Mqtt客户端

 

import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

import logging

class MqttClient(mqtt.Client):

    def initClient(self, mqttServer, mqttPort, username, password, timeout=10000):
        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

        self.mqttServer = mqttServer
        self.mqttPort = mqttPort
        self.username_pw_set(username, password=password)

        self.connect(self.mqttServer, self.mqttPort, timeout)  # keeplive仅为10000秒
        self.on_connect = self.on_connect

    def getClient(self):
        return self.client

    def on_connect(self, client, userdata, flags, rc):
        linkAddr = client.mqttServer + ":" + str(client.mqttPort)
        if rc == 0:
            logging.info("与mqtt服务器：" + linkAddr + "连接成功")
        elif rc == 1:
            logging.error("协议版本错误")
        elif rc == 2:
            logging.error("无效的客户端标识")
        elif rc == 3:
            logging.error("服务端无法使用")
        elif rc == 4:
            logging.error("与mqtt服务器连接失败: 错误的用户名或密码 ")
        elif rc == 5:
            logging.error("登录用户未经授权 ")
        else:
            logging.error("与mqtt服务器：%s 连接返回异常结果：%s " % (linkAddr, str(rc)))

    def on_subscribe(self, client, userdata, mid, granted_qos):
        logging.info("订阅成功: " + str(mid) + " " + str(granted_qos))

    def on_publish(self, client, userdata, mid):
        logging.info("OnPublish, mid: " + str(mid))

 

 

 

客户端1代码

#!/usr/bin/python
import datetime
import logging
import time

from mqttService.mqttClient import MqttClient

# ------------------客户端1--------------------# 

# 订阅主题
devTopic = '/devices/dev1'
responseDevTopic = '/7.0/dev1'

# 接收客户端2响应信息
def on_message(client, userdata, message):
    curtime = datetime.datetime.now()
    strcurtime = curtime.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    logging.info("%s: 接收 %s 响应信息：主题：%s 内容：%s" % (
    strcurtime, mqttServer + ":" + str(mqttPort), message.topic, str(message.payload, encoding="utf-8")))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

    username = "UserName1"
    password = "PassWord1"
    # 服务器地址
    mqttServer = "192.168.1.103"
    # 通信端口
    mqttPort = 1883

    client = MqttClient()
    client.initClient(mqttServer, mqttPort, username, password)
    client.subscribe(responseDevTopic, qos=0)  # 订阅主题
    client.on_message = on_message

    msg = 'hello world'
    for i in range(1000):
        client.publish(devTopic, payload=msg, qos=0)  # 发布信息
        time.sleep(4)
        client.loop_forever()  # 持续连接

 

客户端2代码 

#!/usr/bin/python
import datetime
import logging
from mqttService.mqttClient import MqttClient

# ------------------客户端2-------------------

# 订阅主题
devTopic = '/devices/#'
# 发布主题
responseDevTopicPrefix = '/7.0/'

def on_message(client, userdata, message):
    curtime = datetime.datetime.now()
    strcurtime = curtime.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    recvMsg = message.payload

    # 获取发送设备的客户端1标识
    topicArr = str(message.topic).split("/")
    topicArr = [item for item in filter(lambda x: x != '', topicArr)]  # 去除空串
    deviceId = topicArr[1]

    logging.info("%s: 接收硬件装置 %s 信息：主题: %s 内容: %s" % (strcurtime, deviceId, message.topic, recvMsg))

    # 发送响应回客户端1
    client.publish(responseDevTopicPrefix + deviceId, payload="收到数据" + recvMsg, qos=0)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

    mqttAddr = '192.168.1.103'
    mqttPort = 1883

    username = "UserName2"
    password = "PassWord2"
    # 与客户端1通信
    client = MqttClient()
    client.initClient(mqttAddr, mqttPort, username, password)
    client.subscribe(devTopic, qos=0)
    client.on_message = on_message
    client.loop_start()  # 开始监听
    # 阻塞主程序
    while True:
        pass