Spring的启动流程
Tomcat的启动
Tomcat的基本结构
Tomcat启动时序图
Tomcat的启动
( Tomcat是采用了一种观察者模式的设计方式,所有的容器都会继承 Lifecycle 接口,它管理容器的整个生命周期,所有容器的的修改和状态的改变都会由它去通知已经注册的观察者(Listener))
Web应用的启动
public interface ServletContextListener extends EventListener {
//初始化Spring容器
void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent var1);
//用于关闭应用前释放资源,比如说数据库连接的关闭。
void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent var1);
}
- web.xml 属性都被解析到 Context 中,所以说 Context 容器才是真正运行 Servlet 的 Servlet 容器。
- web.xml作用:容器的配置属性由应用的 web.xml 指定
Spring容器的启动
流程图:
6.ContextLoaderListener实现了用来监听ServletContext事件的ServletContextListener 这个接口,如果 ServletContext 状态发生变化,将会触发产生对应的ServletContextEvent,然后调用监听器的不同的方法。
public class ContextLoaderListener extends ContextLoader implementsServletContextListener {
...
//实现了ServletContextListener的初始化接口
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
this.context = createContextLoader();
if(this.contextLoader == null){
this.contextLoader = this;
}
this.contextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}
}
7.Servlet启动之后会调用ServletContextListener的contextInitialized方法
8.contextInitialized回调initWebApplicationContext方法,创建并初始化Spring容器的WebApplicationContext
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
//对WebApplicationContext存在性验证
if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +
"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
}
Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
if (this.context == null) {
//创建WebApplicationContext
this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
}
if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
if (!cwac.isActive()) {
// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->
// determine parent for root web application context, if any.
ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
cwac.setParent(parent);
}
//加载Spring配置文件,并创建Beans
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
}
}
//将Spring容器context挂载到ServletContext(web容器上下文)中
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
currentContext = this.context;
}
else if (ccl != null) {
currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
}
return this.context;
}
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
throw ex;
}
catch (Error err) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
throw err;
}
}
初始化WebApplicationContext
9.对WebApplicationContext存在性验证: 在配置中只允许声明一次ServletContextListener,多次声明会扰乱Spring的执行逻辑,验证方式为:查看ServletContext实例中是否有对应key的属性,key为WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE,如果存在key则抛出异常,如果不存在key,则可以创建WebApplicationContext实例
10.调用createWebApplicationContext方法创建WebApplicationContext: 程序首先会读取ContextLoader类的同目录下的属性文件ContextLoader.properties,并根据其中的配置提取将要实现WebApplicationContext接口的实现类,并根据这个实现类通过反射的方式进行实例的创建
11.调用configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext方法加载Spring配置文件,并创建beans
12.通过setAttribute方法,将Spring容器context挂载到ServletContext(web容器上下文)中.

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