【原】使用Xfermode正确的绘制出遮罩效果

以前写as3的时候,遮罩效果一个mask属性就搞定了,真是方便。

 

转到android上以后,发现要实现类似的效果,可以使用Xfermode,android一共提供了三种:

AvoidXfermode;
PixelXorXfermode;
PorterDuffXfermode;

前两种已经不被推荐使用了(据说是因为不支持硬件加速,要生效得强制关闭硬件加速),就不细说了,主要说说第三种,一共提供了十六种效果(as3里也提供了类似,但是更加复杂的方法,所以对我而言还是比较熟悉的),如图所示:

但是要正确的在canvas上实现这些效果,还真是没那么容易,我也是研究了半天,终于实现了自己想要的效果,下面用一个例子说明下我的操作流程。

 

想要实现的效果是这样的:

简单分析一下,绘制一个圆形和一个矩形,计算好相应的坐标位置,然后使用SRC_IN进行混合就可以了,类似这样:

 

下面说一下我的操作流程:

1. 绘制border

2. 保存为单独层(canvas.saveLayer),特别注意这一步必须要有,否则无论如何出不来正常效果,起码我试了很久没有成功

3. 绘制填充的圆形,同时也是遮罩

4. 设置笔触的Xfermode为new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN)

5. 使用该笔触绘制矩形,进行混合

6. 恢复到canvas上

 

上代码,大家可以对照看一下各个步骤的具体代码

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        float strokeWidth = getResources().getDimension(R.dimen.stroke_width);
        int borderColor = getResources().getColor(R.color.carnation);
        int fillColor = getResources().getColor(R.color.carnation_lighter);
        int percentColor = getResources().getColor(R.color.carnation_light);
        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getHeight();

        //border
        Paint stroke = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        stroke.setStrokeWidth(strokeWidth);
        stroke.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        stroke.setColor(borderColor);
        canvas.drawOval(new RectF(strokeWidth/2,strokeWidth/2,width-strokeWidth/2,height-strokeWidth/2),stroke);

        //save as new layer
        int save = canvas.saveLayer(0,0,width,height,null,Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);

        //fill background
        Paint fill = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        fill.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        fill.setColor(fillColor);
        canvas.drawOval(new RectF(strokeWidth - 1, strokeWidth - 1, width - strokeWidth + 1, height - strokeWidth + 1), fill);

        //mix rect
        fill.setColor(percentColor);
        fill.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
        canvas.drawRect(0,(1-mPercent)*height,width,height,fill);

        //restore to canvas
        canvas.restoreToCount(save);

        super.onDraw(canvas);
    }

之前也查了不少文章,貌似没有看到多少着重说saveLayer的,还是我对照官方apidemos源码试出来的,希望对遇到同样疑问的朋友有所帮助!

 

2015/7/9 更新:

1. 要实现混合的两个图形,必须位于同一个layer上,经测试位于不同layer上是无法混合的,即使最后都绘制到了canvas上。

2. 不同的绘制顺序,可能有不同的效果,注意一下逻辑即可。

更新一段复杂点的例子

使用了两种混合方式SRC_IN和CLEAR,主要代码如下:

 1     @Override
 2     protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
 3         int width = getWidth();
 4         int height = getHeight();
 5 
 6         float strokeWidth = DimenUtils.dp2px(4);
 7         float pointRadius = DimenUtils.dp2px(4);
 8         float gap = DimenUtils.dp2px(4);
 9         float monthRadius = height * 0.2f;
10         float textSize = DimenUtils.dp2px(14);
11 
12         int color = getResources().getColor(R.color.carnation);
13         int lightColor = getResources().getColor(R.color.carnation_light);
14         int lighterColor = getResources().getColor(R.color.carnation_lighter);
15 
16         float degree = 360*mRate;
17 
18         Paint paint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
19 
20         //new layer
21         int save = canvas.saveLayer(0, 0, width, height, null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);
22 
23         //draw percent
24         canvas.save();
25         float fillDistance = pointRadius+gap+strokeWidth/2;
26         canvas.translate(fillDistance,fillDistance);
27         RectF fillRect = new RectF(0,0,width-2*fillDistance,height-2*fillDistance);
28         paint.setColor(lightColor);
29         paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
30         canvas.drawOval(fillRect,paint);
31         //mix rect
32         paint.setColor(color);
33         paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
34         canvas.drawRect(0, (1 - mPercent) * (height-2*fillDistance), width-2*fillDistance, height-2*fillDistance, paint);
35         canvas.restore();
36 
37         //border
38         paint.setXfermode(null);
39         paint.setStrokeWidth(strokeWidth);
40         paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
41         paint.setColor(lighterColor);
42         RectF borderRect = new RectF(pointRadius,pointRadius,width-pointRadius,height-pointRadius);
43         canvas.drawOval(borderRect, paint);
44         paint.setColor(color);
45         canvas.drawArc(borderRect,270,degree,false,paint);
46         //draw point
47         canvas.save();
48         paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
49         canvas.translate(width/2,height/2);
50         canvas.rotate(degree);
51         canvas.drawCircle(0,pointRadius-height/2,pointRadius,paint);
52         canvas.restore();
53 
54         //draw month
55         canvas.save();
56         canvas.translate(width*0.7f,height*0.8f);
57         paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
58         paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
59         paint.setStrokeWidth(gap);
60         paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR));
61         canvas.drawCircle(0,0,monthRadius+gap/2,paint);
62         paint.setXfermode(null);
63         paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
64         paint.setColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.orange));
65         canvas.drawCircle(0,0,monthRadius,paint);
66         canvas.restoreToCount(save);
67     }

 

posted @ 2015-07-03 15:56  sky0014  阅读(3143)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报