装饰器函数
什么是装饰器函数?
装饰器函数的本质就是闭包函数,也就是函数嵌套,内部函数调用外层函数变量
装饰器函数的功能
在不修改原函数以及调用方式的情况下,对原函数的功能进行扩展.

def warpper(func):
def inner():
ret = func()
return ret
return inner
@warpper #这里func1 = warpper(func1) 也就是inner()
def func1()
print('is ok!')
func1()
#被装饰器修饰过的函数在执行的步骤:
1.执行func1()的时候先执行warpper函数,同时将下面func1函数作为参数赋值func1()
2.这时warpper函数走完返回inner,inner=赋值后func1
3.func1() ==inner()调用内存函数
4.这时候走内存inner函数,内部调用下面func1()打印出 is ok
简单的装饰器函数
为什么要有装饰器函数?
因为我们在日常开发的过程中,不可能一次性将所有的应用功能全部实现,就算实现了以后也肯定会修改,所以我们必须允许代码可扩展,添加新功能,而装饰器函数恰好能够解决这一问题.在这种背景下,装饰器函数应用能够极大提高开发效率.
继续探索带参数的装饰器函数

import time
def timer(func):
def inner(num):
start = time.time()
func(num)
print(time.time()-start)
return inner
@timer
def func(num):
print(num)
func(1010)
#输出 : 1010
0.0
简单的带参数的装饰器函数
通过查看上面代码发现装饰器函数没有返回值,没有返回值的函数可是缺乏灵魂的呢!
带参数有返回值的装饰器函数
#一个装饰器装饰多个函数
def warpper(func):
def inner(*args,**kwargs):
print('nice')
ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
print('bad')
return ret
return inner
@warpper
def func(*args,**kwargs):
print('The python is perfect!')
@warpper
def func1(*args,**kwargs):
print('The js is good!')
func()
func1()
#输出:
nice
The python is perfect!
bad
nice
The js is good!
bad
假如很多函数使用了一个装饰器,想要取消部分装饰器怎么办呢?

def outer(flag):
def timer(func):
def inner(*args,**kwargs):
ret = func(*args, **kwargs)
if flag:
print(time.time())
return ret
return inner
return timer
@outer(True)
def func():
print('linux')
func()
#给装饰器再添加异常flag判断,当装饰器为False快速取消装饰器
取消装饰器效果
多个装饰器装饰一个函数的效果

def warpper1(func):
def inner(*args,**kwargs):
print('w1情不知所起')
ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
print('w1一往而情深')
return ret
return inner
def warpper2(func):
def inner(*args,**kwargs):
print('w2情不知所起')
ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
print('w2一往而情深')
return ret
return inner
@warpper1 # func = warpper1(warpper2.inner) 此时的func是被warpper1.inner
@warpper2 # func = warpper2(func) 此时的func是warpper2.inner
def func():
print('You can you up!')
func()
#输出结果
w1情不知所起
w2情不知所起
You can you up!
w2一往而情深
w1一往而情深
#执行步骤: 1.首先走wapper1.inner 因此首先打印'w1情不知所起',
2.往下执行,遇到ret = func()执行调用,此时调用的其实是warpper2.inner,因此跳转到warpper2的inner,打印出'w2情不知所起',
3.继续往下执行,再次遇到 ret = func().执行调用,此时调用的是原先的func函数,因此打印'You can you up!',
4.往下执行,打印'w2一往而情深',
5.由于warpper1函数并没有走完,因此回去再次往下执行,打印'w1一往而情深'.
多个装饰器装饰一个函数
装饰器的修复技术

示例1
from functools import wraps
def ww(func):
#@wraps(func)
def inner(*args,**kwargs):
ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
return ret
return inner
@ww
def func():
'''
你好
:return:
'''
pass
func()
print(func.__name__)
print(func.__doc__)
#输出结果
inner
None
对比示例2 来看更加清晰
示例2
from functools import wraps
def ww(func):
@wraps(func)
def inner(*args,**kwargs):
ret = func(*args,**kwargs)
return ret
return inner
@ww
def func():
'''
你好
:return:
'''
pass
func()
print(func.__name__)
print(func.__doc__)
#输出
func
你好
:return:
#由此看到添加@warps(func)后 被装饰过的func函数名称再调用的时候就是func了,也可以看到 func函数的注释等
装饰器的修复技术
总结:巧妙的运用装饰器函数是非常重要的
...
CrazyShenldon
posted @
2019-01-22 21:47
FindSoul
阅读(
209)
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var RENDERER = {
POINT_INTERVAL : 5,
FISH_COUNT : 3,
MAX_INTERVAL_COUNT : 50,
INIT_HEIGHT_RATE : 0.5,
THRESHOLD : 50,
init : function(){
this.setParameters();
this.reconstructMethods();
this.setup();
this.bindEvent();
this.render();
},
setParameters : function(){
this.$window = $(window);
this.$container = $('#jsi-flying-fish-container');
this.$canvas = $('');
this.context = this.$canvas.appendTo(this.$container).get(0).getContext('2d');
this.points = [];
this.fishes = [];
this.watchIds = [];
},
createSurfacePoints : function(){
var count = Math.round(this.width / this.POINT_INTERVAL);
this.pointInterval = this.width / (count - 1);
this.points.push(new SURFACE_POINT(this, 0));
for(var i = 1; i < count; i++){
var point = new SURFACE_POINT(this, i * this.pointInterval),
previous = this.points[i - 1];
point.setPreviousPoint(previous);
previous.setNextPoint(point);
this.points.push(point);
}
},
reconstructMethods : function(){
this.watchWindowSize = this.watchWindowSize.bind(this);
this.jdugeToStopResize = this.jdugeToStopResize.bind(this);
this.startEpicenter = this.startEpicenter.bind(this);
this.moveEpicenter = this.moveEpicenter.bind(this);
this.reverseVertical = this.reverseVertical.bind(this);
this.render = this.render.bind(this);
},
setup : function(){
this.points.length = 0;
this.fishes.length = 0;
this.watchIds.length = 0;
this.intervalCount = this.MAX_INTERVAL_COUNT;
this.width = this.$container.width();
this.height = this.$container.height();
this.fishCount = this.FISH_COUNT * this.width / 500 * this.height / 500;
this.$canvas.attr({width : this.width, height : this.height});
this.reverse = false;
this.fishes.push(new FISH(this));
this.createSurfacePoints();
},
watchWindowSize : function(){
this.clearTimer();
this.tmpWidth = this.$window.width();
this.tmpHeight = this.$window.height();
this.watchIds.push(setTimeout(this.jdugeToStopResize, this.WATCH_INTERVAL));
},
clearTimer : function(){
while(this.watchIds.length > 0){
clearTimeout(this.watchIds.pop());
}
},
jdugeToStopResize : function(){
var width = this.$window.width(),
height = this.$window.height(),
stopped = (width == this.tmpWidth && height == this.tmpHeight);
this.tmpWidth = width;
this.tmpHeight = height;
if(stopped){
this.setup();
}
},
bindEvent : function(){
this.$window.on('resize', this.watchWindowSize);
this.$container.on('mouseenter', this.startEpicenter);
this.$container.on('mousemove', this.moveEpicenter);
this.$container.on('click', this.reverseVertical);
},
getAxis : function(event){
var offset = this.$container.offset();
return {
x : event.clientX - offset.left + this.$window.scrollLeft(),
y : event.clientY - offset.top + this.$window.scrollTop()
};
},
startEpicenter : function(event){
this.axis = this.getAxis(event);
},
moveEpicenter : function(event){
var axis = this.getAxis(event);
if(!this.axis){
this.axis = axis;
}
this.generateEpicenter(axis.x, axis.y, axis.y - this.axis.y);
this.axis = axis;
},
generateEpicenter : function(x, y, velocity){
if(y < this.height / 2 - this.THRESHOLD || y > this.height / 2 + this.THRESHOLD){
return;
}
var index = Math.round(x / this.pointInterval);
if(index < 0 || index >= this.points.length){
return;
}
this.points[index].interfere(y, velocity);
},
reverseVertical : function(){
this.reverse = !this.reverse;
for(var i = 0, count = this.fishes.length; i < count; i++){
this.fishes[i].reverseVertical();
}
},
controlStatus : function(){
for(var i = 0, count = this.points.length; i < count; i++){
this.points[i].updateSelf();
}
for(var i = 0, count = this.points.length; i < count; i++){
this.points[i].updateNeighbors();
}
if(this.fishes.length < this.fishCount){
if(--this.intervalCount == 0){
this.intervalCount = this.MAX_INTERVAL_COUNT;
this.fishes.push(new FISH(this));
}
}
},
render : function(){
requestAnimationFrame(this.render);
this.controlStatus();
this.context.clearRect(0, 0, this.width, this.height);
this.context.fillStyle = 'hsl(0, 0%, 95%)';
for(var i = 0, count = this.fishes.length; i < count; i++){
this.fishes[i].render(this.context);
}
this.context.save();
this.context.globalCompositeOperation = 'xor';
this.context.beginPath();
this.context.moveTo(0, this.reverse ? 0 : this.height);
for(var i = 0, count = this.points.length; i < count; i++){
this.points[i].render(this.context);
}
this.context.lineTo(this.width, this.reverse ? 0 : this.height);
this.context.closePath();
this.context.fill();
this.context.restore();
}
};
var SURFACE_POINT = function(renderer, x){
this.renderer = renderer;
this.x = x;
this.init();
};
SURFACE_POINT.prototype = {
SPRING_CONSTANT : 0.03,
SPRING_FRICTION : 0.9,
WAVE_SPREAD : 0.3,
ACCELARATION_RATE : 0.01,
init : function(){
this.initHeight = this.renderer.height * this.renderer.INIT_HEIGHT_RATE;
this.height = this.initHeight;
this.fy = 0;
this.force = {previous : 0, next : 0};
},
setPreviousPoint : function(previous){
this.previous = previous;
},
setNextPoint : function(next){
this.next = next;
},
interfere : function(y, velocity){
this.fy = this.renderer.height * this.ACCELARATION_RATE * ((this.renderer.height - this.height - y) >= 0 ? -1 : 1) * Math.abs(velocity);
},
updateSelf : function(){
this.fy += this.SPRING_CONSTANT * (this.initHeight - this.height);
this.fy *= this.SPRING_FRICTION;
this.height += this.fy;
},
updateNeighbors : function(){
if(this.previous){
this.force.previous = this.WAVE_SPREAD * (this.height - this.previous.height);
}
if(this.next){
this.force.next = this.WAVE_SPREAD * (this.height - this.next.height);
}
},
render : function(context){
if(this.previous){
this.previous.height += this.force.previous;
this.previous.fy += this.force.previous;
}
if(this.next){
this.next.height += this.force.next;
this.next.fy += this.force.next;
}
context.lineTo(this.x, this.renderer.height - this.height);
}
};
var FISH = function(renderer){
this.renderer = renderer;
this.init();
};
FISH.prototype = {
GRAVITY : 0.4,
init : function(){
this.direction = Math.random() < 0.5;
this.x = this.direction ? (this.renderer.width + this.renderer.THRESHOLD) : -this.renderer.THRESHOLD;
this.previousY = this.y;
this.vx = this.getRandomValue(4, 10) * (this.direction ? -1 : 1);
if(this.renderer.reverse){
this.y = this.getRandomValue(this.renderer.height * 1 / 10, this.renderer.height * 4 / 10);
this.vy = this.getRandomValue(2, 5);
this.ay = this.getRandomValue(0.05, 0.2);
}else{
this.y = this.getRandomValue(this.renderer.height * 6 / 10, this.renderer.height * 9 / 10);
this.vy = this.getRandomValue(-5, -2);
this.ay = this.getRandomValue(-0.2, -0.05);
}
this.isOut = false;
this.theta = 0;
this.phi = 0;
},
getRandomValue : function(min, max){
return min + (max - min) * Math.random();
},
reverseVertical : function(){
this.isOut = !this.isOut;
this.ay *= -1;
},
controlStatus : function(context){
this.previousY = this.y;
this.x += this.vx;
this.y += this.vy;
this.vy += this.ay;
if(this.renderer.reverse){
if(this.y > this.renderer.height * this.renderer.INIT_HEIGHT_RATE){
this.vy -= this.GRAVITY;
this.isOut = true;
}else{
if(this.isOut){
this.ay = this.getRandomValue(0.05, 0.2);
}
this.isOut = false;
}
}else{
if(this.y < this.renderer.height * this.renderer.INIT_HEIGHT_RATE){
this.vy += this.GRAVITY;
this.isOut = true;
}else{
if(this.isOut){
this.ay = this.getRandomValue(-0.2, -0.05);
}
this.isOut = false;
}
}
if(!this.isOut){
this.theta += Math.PI / 20;
this.theta %= Math.PI * 2;
this.phi += Math.PI / 30;
this.phi %= Math.PI * 2;
}
this.renderer.generateEpicenter(this.x + (this.direction ? -1 : 1) * this.renderer.THRESHOLD, this.y, this.y - this.previousY);
if(this.vx > 0 && this.x > this.renderer.width + this.renderer.THRESHOLD || this.vx < 0 && this.x < -this.renderer.THRESHOLD){
this.init();
}
},
render : function(context){
context.save();
context.translate(this.x, this.y);
context.rotate(Math.PI + Math.atan2(this.vy, this.vx));
context.scale(1, this.direction ? 1 : -1);
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(-30, 0);
context.bezierCurveTo(-20, 15, 15, 10, 40, 0);
context.bezierCurveTo(15, -10, -20, -15, -30, 0);
context.fill();
context.save();
context.translate(40, 0);
context.scale(0.9 + 0.2 * Math.sin(this.theta), 1);
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(0, 0);
context.quadraticCurveTo(5, 10, 20, 8);
context.quadraticCurveTo(12, 5, 10, 0);
context.quadraticCurveTo(12, -5, 20, -8);
context.quadraticCurveTo(5, -10, 0, 0);
context.fill();
context.restore();
context.save();
context.translate(-3, 0);
context.rotate((Math.PI / 3 + Math.PI / 10 * Math.sin(this.phi)) * (this.renderer.reverse ? -1 : 1));
context.beginPath();
if(this.renderer.reverse){
context.moveTo(5, 0);
context.bezierCurveTo(10, 10, 10, 30, 0, 40);
context.bezierCurveTo(-12, 25, -8, 10, 0, 0);
}else{
context.moveTo(-5, 0);
context.bezierCurveTo(-10, -10, -10, -30, 0, -40);
context.bezierCurveTo(12, -25, 8, -10, 0, 0);
}
context.closePath();
context.fill();
context.restore();
context.restore();
this.controlStatus(context);
}
};
$(function(){
RENDERER.init();
});