mysqldump主从复制
一，主从复制条件
1，开启binlog功能
2，主库建立同步账号
3，从库配置master。info（change mast。。）
4，start slave复制开关
知识点：####
1, 3个线程，主库io，从库io和sql
2，master。info作用
3，relay-log作用
4. 异步复制
5. binlog作用
二，部署主从复制
1。检查binlog是否开启，如果没开启在my.cnf里添加这段，重启数据库(把注释#去掉)
egrep "log-bin|server-id" /data/{3306,3307}/my.cnf
/data/3306/my.cnf:#log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin
/data/3306/my.cnf:server-id = 1
/data/3307/my.cnf:#log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin
/data/3307/my.cnf:server-id = 2
2。重启数据库（此处用的是多实例3306和3307）
/data/3306/mysql restart /data/3307/mysql restart
3.主库授权复制的用户rep
mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'172.16.1.%' identified by '123456';
4.锁表查看binlog位置点 （锁表可以用--master-data=2）
flush table with read lock; mysql> show master status; 查看主库状态，及binlog位置点 +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000002 | 1680 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5.新开窗口导出全备
mkdir /server/backup -p 创建备份目录 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -A -B --events -S /data/3306/mysql.sock|gzip >/server/backup/rep_bak_$(date +%F).sql.gz
6.解锁开放用户写入
unlock table; binlog会变化，但是不影响因为没数据那段
7.把备份的数据同步到从库服务器(由于此次试验环境实在一台机器多实例做的，左右不需要一下这条命令。如果是两台物理机或者两台虚拟机那么要下边的命令)
scp /server/backup/rep_bak_2016-11-03.sql.gz root@172.16.1.51:~
三，从库操作
1，把主库的全备导入从库
cd /server/backup/ gzip -d rep_bak_2016-11-03.sql.gz mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock </server/backup/rep_bak_2016-11-03.sql
2，找主库binlog位置点。（主库操作）
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000003 | 196 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3，配置master.info（从库操作）
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.1.51', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER='rep', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003', #######这里需要主库的binlog MASTER_LOG_POS=196;
4，查看master.info配置文件内容
find /data/3306/data/ -type f -name "*.info" vim /data/3306/data/master.info 1 18 2 mysql-bin.000003 3 196 4 172.16.1.50 5 rep 6 123456 7 3306 8 60 9 0 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 16 1800.000 17 18 0 </pre>
5，开启从库开关
start slave;
6，查看同步状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.1.50
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 196
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 196
Relay_Log_Space: 403
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
7，主从的两个线程
Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
8，是否有延迟
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
9，可以测试结果
主库增删改，会同步到从库，
但是从库增删改，不会影响主库
