sed命令讲解
sed命令选项及作用
-n 不打印所有的行到标准输出
-e 表示将下一个字符串解析为sed编辑命令
-f 表示正在调用sed脚本文件
sed编辑命令
p 打印匹配行
= 打印文件行号
a\ 在定位行号之后追加文本信息
i\ 在定位行号之前追加文本信息
d 删除定位行
c\ 用新文本替换定位文本
r 从另外一个文件中读文本
w 将文本写入到一个文件
y 变换字符
q 第一个模式匹配玩成后退出
{} 在定位行执行的命令组
n 读取下一个输入行，用下一个命令处理新的行
接下来以下面的例子来练习sed命令
[root@git ~]# cat input
This is a Certificate Request file:
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<1>看一下-n的用途
[root@git ~]# sed -n '1p' input //加上-n选项只打印第一行
This is a Certificate Request file:
[root@git ~]# sed '1p' input //不加-n选项会输出第一行后再输出全文
This is a Certificate Request file:
This is a Certificate Request file:
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<2>我想打印出文件的3~6行
[root@git ~]# sed -n '3,6p' input
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
<3>打印匹配certificate关键字的行
[root@git ~]# sed -n '/certificate/p' input
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
<4>打印匹配Certificate关键字的行号及内容（两种方法）
[root@git ~]# sed -n -e '/Certificate/=' -e '/Certificate/p' input
1
This is a Certificate Request file:
6
Certificate Subject:
或
[root@git ~]# sed -n '/Certificate/{=;p}' input
1
This is a Certificate Request file:
6
Certificate Subject:
<5>在与关键字"file:"相匹配的行后追加内容"We append a new line."
[root@git ~]# sed '/file:/a\We append a new line.' input
This is a Certificate Request file:
We append a new line.
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<6>匹配包含以bus结尾字符串的行
[root@git ~]# sed -n '/.*bus/p' input
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
<7>打印不在2~10之间的行
[root@git ~]# sed -n '2,10!p' input
This is a Certificate Request file:
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<8>打印与seugrid的匹配行到最后一行的内容
[root@git ~]# sed -n '/seugrid/,$p' input
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<9>在匹配"file:"字符前插入"We insert a new line."
[root@git ~]# sed '/file:/i\We insert a new line.' input
We insert a new line.
This is a Certificate Request file:
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<10>把匹配"file:"的行修改为"We modify this line."
[root@git ~]# sed '/file:/c\We insert a new line.' input
We insert a new line.
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<11>删除文本的第一行和最后一行
[root@git ~]# sed -e '1d' -e '$d' input
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
<12>把文本中Certificate替换成CERTIFICATE
[root@git ~]# sed -n 's/Certificate/CERTIFICATE/p' input
This is a CERTIFICATE Request file:
CERTIFICATE Subject:
<13>把文本中全部的seu替换为njue，如果只想匹配行第一个出现的seu不加g即可sed -n 's/seu/njue/p' input ，只想匹配全文第三次出现的怎么办sed -n 's/seu/njue/3p' input
[root@git ~]# sed -n 's/seu/njue/pg' input
It should be mailed to zawu@njue.edu.cn
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-njuegridl.njue.edu.cn/OU=njue.edu.cn/CN=globus
<14>将seu改为njue的结果写入output文件
[root@git ~]# sed -n 's/seu/njue/w output' input
[root@git ~]# cat output
It should be mailed to zawu@njue.edu.cn
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-njuegridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
<15>在匹配“file:”行后读取output文件的内容
[root@git ~]# sed '/file:/r output' input
This is a Certificate Request file:
It should be mailed to zawu@njue.edu.cn
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-njuegridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
<16>将文件中f、m、j字符变为大写字母
[root@git ~]# sed 'y/ymj/YMJ/' input
This is a Certificate Request file:
It should be Mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
Certificate SubJect:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=siMpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as Your user certificate subJect,and it uniquelY identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-Mail Message into the following file.
/hoMe/alloY/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.peM
<17>将文件中与Certificate匹配的行将全部的i替换为I，将第一个le替换为99
[root@git ~]# sed '/Certificate/{s/i/I/g;s/le/99/;}' input
ThIs Is a CertIfIcate Request fI99:
It should be mailed to zawu@seu.edu.cn
====================================================
CertIfIcate Subject:
/O=Grid/OU=GlobusTest/OU=simpleCA-seugridl.seu.edu.cn/OU=seu.edu.cn/CN=globus
The above string is known as your user certificate subject,and it uniquely identifies this user.$88
To install this user certificate,please save this e-mail message into the following file.
/home/alloy/linuxshell/CH02/usercert.pem
