Vue2.0源码分析
Vue其实是用Function写的一个class：
1、通过一系列的函数给Vue.prototype上动态挂载方法和属性
2、通过initGlobalAPI(Vue)给Vue本身扩展全局API
数据驱动：Vue的核心思想是数据驱动，所谓数据驱动，是指视图是由数据驱动生成的
new Vue()发生了什么？
合并配置，初始化生命周期，初始化事件中心，初始化渲染，初始化 data、props、computed、watcher
if (vm.$options.el) { vm.$mount(vm.$options.el) }
最后判断是否有el，如果有则调用vm.$mount挂载
$mount:
const mount = Vue.prototype.$mount Vue.prototype.$mount = function ( el?: string | Element, hydrating?: boolean ): Component { el = el && query(el) /* istanbul ignore if */
//对el做了限制，Vue不能挂载到html或body上
if (el === document.body || el === document.documentElement) { process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn( `Do not mount Vue to <html> or <body> - mount to normal elements instead.` ) return this } const options = this.$options // resolve template/el and convert to render function
//判断有没render函数，如果没有则会吧el或template生成render函数
if (!options.render) { let template = options.template if (template) { if (typeof template === 'string') { if (template.charAt(0) === '#') { template = idToTemplate(template) /* istanbul ignore if */ if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !template) { warn( `Template element not found or is empty: ${options.template}`, this ) } } } else if (template.nodeType) { template = template.innerHTML } else { if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') { warn('invalid template option:' + template, this) } return this } } else if (el) { template = getOuterHTML(el) } if (template) { /* istanbul ignore if */ if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) { mark('compile') } //生成render const { render, staticRenderFns } = compileToFunctions(template, { shouldDecodeNewlines, shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref, delimiters: options.delimiters, comments: options.comments }, this) options.render = render options.staticRenderFns = staticRenderFns /* istanbul ignore if */ if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) { mark('compile end') measure(`vue ${this._name} compile`, 'compile', 'compile end') } } } return mount.call(this, el, hydrating) }
query方法：生成dom对象
export function query (el: string | Element): Element { if (typeof el === 'string') { const selected = document.querySelector(el) if (!selected) { process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn( 'Cannot find element: ' + el ) return document.createElement('div') } return selected } else { return el } }
原先原形上的$mount:
Vue.prototype.$mount = function ( el?: string | Element, hydrating?: boolean ): Component { el = el && inBrowser ? query(el) : undefined return mountComponent(this, el, hydrating) }
渲染wather
updateComponent = () => { vm._update(vm._render(), hydrating) } new Watcher(vm, updateComponent, noop, { before () { if (vm._isMounted) { callHook(vm, 'beforeUpdate') } } }, true /* isRenderWatcher */)
mountComponent:核心就是实例化一个Watcher,在回调中调用updateComponent方法,
在此方法中调用vm._render生成Vnode,最终会调用vm._update更新dom
watcher的作用：
1、初始化时执行回调；2、当 vm 实例中的监测的数据发生变化的时候执行回调函数
render:
vnode = render.call(vm._renderProxy, vm.$createElement)
vm.$createElement = (a, b, c, d) => createElement(vm, a, b, c, d, true)
createElement:创建Vnode
export function createElement ( context: Component, tag: any, data: any, children: any, normalizationType: any, alwaysNormalize: boolean ): VNode | Array<VNode> { if (Array.isArray(data) || isPrimitive(data)) { normalizationType = children children = data data = undefined } if (isTrue(alwaysNormalize)) { normalizationType = ALWAYS_NORMALIZE } return _createElement(context, tag, data, children, normalizationType) }
export function _createElement ( context: Component, tag?: string | Class<Component> | Function | Object, data?: VNodeData, children?: any, normalizationType?: number ): VNode | Array<VNode> { if (isDef(data) && isDef((data: any).__ob__)) { process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn( `Avoid using observed data object as vnode data: ${JSON.stringify(data)}\n` + 'Always create fresh vnode data objects in each render!', context ) return createEmptyVNode() } // object syntax in v-bind if (isDef(data) && isDef(data.is)) { tag = data.is } if (!tag) { // in case of component :is set to falsy value return createEmptyVNode() } // warn against non-primitive key if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && isDef(data) && isDef(data.key) && !isPrimitive(data.key) ) { if (!__WEEX__ || !('@binding' in data.key)) { warn( 'Avoid using non-primitive value as key, ' + 'use string/number value instead.', context ) } } // support single function children as default scoped slot if (Array.isArray(children) && typeof children[0] === 'function' ) { data = data || {} data.scopedSlots = { default: children[0] } children.length = 0 } if (normalizationType === ALWAYS_NORMALIZE) { children = normalizeChildren(children) } else if (normalizationType === SIMPLE_NORMALIZE) { children = simpleNormalizeChildren(children) } let vnode, ns if (typeof tag === 'string') { let Ctor ns = (context.$vnode && context.$vnode.ns) || config.getTagNamespace(tag) if (config.isReservedTag(tag)) { // platform built-in elements vnode = new VNode( config.parsePlatformTagName(tag), data, children, undefined, undefined, context ) } else if (isDef(Ctor = resolveAsset(context.$options, 'components', tag))) { // component vnode = createComponent(Ctor, data, context, children, tag) } else { // unknown or unlisted namespaced elements // check at runtime because it may get assigned a namespace when its // parent normalizes children vnode = new VNode( tag, data, children, undefined, undefined, context ) } } else { // direct component options / constructor vnode = createComponent(tag, data, context, children) } if (Array.isArray(vnode)) { return vnode } else if (isDef(vnode)) { if (isDef(ns)) applyNS(vnode, ns) if (isDef(data)) registerDeepBindings(data) return vnode } else { return createEmptyVNode() } }
挂载dom上：
update
Vue.prototype._update = function (vnode: VNode, hydrating?: boolean) { const vm: Component = this const prevEl = vm.$el const prevVnode = vm._vnode const prevActiveInstance = activeInstance activeInstance = vm vm._vnode = vnode // Vue.prototype.__patch__ is injected in entry points // based on the rendering backend used. if (!prevVnode) { // initial render vm.$el = vm.__patch__(vm.$el, vnode, hydrating, false /* removeOnly */) } else { // updates vm.$el = vm.__patch__(prevVnode, vnode) } activeInstance = prevActiveInstance // update __vue__ reference if (prevEl) { prevEl.__vue__ = null } if (vm.$el) { vm.$el.__vue__ = vm } // if parent is an HOC, update its $el as well if (vm.$vnode && vm.$parent && vm.$vnode === vm.$parent._vnode) { vm.$parent.$el = vm.$el } // updated hook is called by the scheduler to ensure that children are // updated in a parent's updated hook. }
patch:
函数柯里化：指的是将一个接受多个参数的函数 变为 接受一个参数返回一个函数的固定形式，这样便于再次调用
const hooks = ['create', 'activate', 'update', 'remove', 'destroy'] export function createPatchFunction (backend) { let i, j const cbs = {} const { modules, nodeOps } = backend for (i = 0; i < hooks.length; ++i) { cbs[hooks[i]] = [] for (j = 0; j < modules.length; ++j) { if (isDef(modules[j][hooks[i]])) { cbs[hooks[i]].push(modules[j][hooks[i]]) } } } // ... return function patch (oldVnode, vnode, hydrating, removeOnly) { if (isUndef(vnode)) { if (isDef(oldVnode)) invokeDestroyHook(oldVnode) return } let isInitialPatch = false const insertedVnodeQueue = [] if (isUndef(oldVnode)) { // empty mount (likely as component), create new root element isInitialPatch = true createElm(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue) } else { const isRealElement = isDef(oldVnode.nodeType) if (!isRealElement && sameVnode(oldVnode, vnode)) { // patch existing root node patchVnode(oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly) } else { if (isRealElement) { // mounting to a real element // check if this is server-rendered content and if we can perform // a successful hydration. if (oldVnode.nodeType === 1 && oldVnode.hasAttribute(SSR_ATTR)) { oldVnode.removeAttribute(SSR_ATTR) hydrating = true } if (isTrue(hydrating)) { if (hydrate(oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)) { invokeInsertHook(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, true) return oldVnode } else if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') { warn( 'The client-side rendered virtual DOM tree is not matching ' + 'server-rendered content. This is likely caused by incorrect ' + 'HTML markup, for example nesting block-level elements inside ' + '<p>, or missing <tbody>. Bailing hydration and performing ' + 'full client-side render.' ) } } // either not server-rendered, or hydration failed. // create an empty node and replace it oldVnode = emptyNodeAt(oldVnode) } // replacing existing element const oldElm = oldVnode.elm const parentElm = nodeOps.parentNode(oldElm) // create new node createElm( vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, // extremely rare edge case: do not insert if old element is in a // leaving transition. Only happens when combining transition + // keep-alive + HOCs. (#4590) oldElm._leaveCb ? null : parentElm, nodeOps.nextSibling(oldElm) ) // update parent placeholder node element, recursively if (isDef(vnode.parent)) { let ancestor = vnode.parent const patchable = isPatchable(vnode) while (ancestor) { for (let i = 0; i < cbs.destroy.length; ++i) { cbs.destroy[i](ancestor) } ancestor.elm = vnode.elm if (patchable) { for (let i = 0; i < cbs.create.length; ++i) { cbs.create[i](emptyNode, ancestor) } // #6513 // invoke insert hooks that may have been merged by create hooks. // e.g. for directives that uses the "inserted" hook. const insert = ancestor.data.hook.insert if (insert.merged) { // start at index 1 to avoid re-invoking component mounted hook for (let i = 1; i < insert.fns.length; i++) { insert.fns[i]() } } } else { registerRef(ancestor) } ancestor = ancestor.parent } } // destroy old node if (isDef(parentElm)) { removeVnodes(parentElm, [oldVnode], 0, 0) } else if (isDef(oldVnode.tag)) { invokeDestroyHook(oldVnode) } } } invokeInsertHook(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, isInitialPatch) return vnode.elm } }
//createElm的作用是通过虚拟节点创建真实的 DOM 并插入到它的父节点中
function createElm ( vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm, nested, ownerArray, index ) { if (isDef(vnode.elm) && isDef(ownerArray)) { // This vnode was used in a previous render! // now it's used as a new node, overwriting its elm would cause // potential patch errors down the road when it's used as an insertion // reference node. Instead, we clone the node on-demand before creating // associated DOM element for it. vnode = ownerArray[index] = cloneVNode(vnode) } vnode.isRootInsert = !nested // for transition enter check if (createComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm)) { return } const data = vnode.data const children = vnode.children const tag = vnode.tag if (isDef(tag)) { if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') { if (data && data.pre) { creatingElmInVPre++ } if (isUnknownElement(vnode, creatingElmInVPre)) { warn( 'Unknown custom element: <' + tag + '> - did you ' + 'register the component correctly? For recursive components, ' + 'make sure to provide the "name" option.', vnode.context ) } } vnode.elm = vnode.ns ? nodeOps.createElementNS(vnode.ns, tag) : nodeOps.createElement(tag, vnode) setScope(vnode) /* istanbul ignore if */ if (__WEEX__) { // ... } else { createChildren(vnode, children, insertedVnodeQueue) if (isDef(data)) { invokeCreateHooks(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue) } insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm) } if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && data && data.pre) { creatingElmInVPre-- } } else if (isTrue(vnode.isComment)) { vnode.elm = nodeOps.createComment(vnode.text) insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm) } else { vnode.elm = nodeOps.createTextNode(vnode.text) insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm) } }
insert:最终通过appendChild方法挂载dom上
function insert (parent, elm, ref) { if (isDef(parent)) { if (isDef(ref)) { if (nodeOps.parentNode(ref) === parent) { nodeOps.insertBefore(parent, elm, ref) } } else { nodeOps.appendChild(parent, elm) } } }
组件化：所谓组件化，就是把页面拆分成多个组件 (component)，每个组件依赖的 CSS、JavaScript、模板、图片等资源放在一起开发和维护。组件是资源独立的，组件在系统内部可复用，组件和组件之间可以嵌套。
//在_createElemet中有如下代码 通过tag的类型走不同的逻辑
if (typeof tag === 'string') {//普通标签 let Ctor ns = (context.$vnode && context.$vnode.ns) || config.getTagNamespace(tag) if (config.isReservedTag(tag)) { // platform built-in elements vnode = new VNode( config.parsePlatformTagName(tag), data, children, undefined, undefined, context ) } else if (isDef(Ctor = resolveAsset(context.$options, 'components', tag))) { // component vnode = createComponent(Ctor, data, context, children, tag) } else { // unknown or unlisted namespaced elements // check at runtime because it may get assigned a namespace when its // parent normalizes children vnode = new VNode( tag, data, children, undefined, undefined, context ) } } else { // direct component options / constructor 组件 vnode = createComponent(tag, data, context, children) }
createComponent:
export function createComponent ( Ctor: Class<Component> | Function | Object | void, data: ?VNodeData, context: Component, children: ?Array<VNode>, tag?: string ): VNode | Array<VNode> | void { if (isUndef(Ctor)) { return } //1、构造子类构造函数 const baseCtor = context.$options._base //_base 其实就是Vue if (isObject(Ctor)) { Ctor = baseCtor.extend(Ctor) //extend是构造一个Vue的子类，它使用一种非常经典的原型继承的方式把一个纯对象转换一个继承于Vue的构造器Sub并返回 } //extend中 实例化sub时会调用_init constSub=functionVueComponent(options){this._init(options)}
// if at this stage it's not a constructor or an async component factory, // reject. if (typeof Ctor !== 'function') { if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') { warn(`Invalid Component definition: ${String(Ctor)}`, context) } return } // async component let asyncFactory if (isUndef(Ctor.cid)) { asyncFactory = Ctor Ctor = resolveAsyncComponent(asyncFactory, baseCtor, context) if (Ctor === undefined) { // return a placeholder node for async component, which is rendered // as a comment node but preserves all the raw information for the node. // the information will be used for async server-rendering and hydration. return createAsyncPlaceholder( asyncFactory, data, context, children, tag ) } } data = data || {} // resolve constructor options in case global mixins are applied after // component constructor creation resolveConstructorOptions(Ctor) // transform component v-model data into props & events if (isDef(data.model)) { transformModel(Ctor.options, data) } // extract props const propsData = extractPropsFromVNodeData(data, Ctor, tag) // functional component if (isTrue(Ctor.options.functional)) { return createFunctionalComponent(Ctor, propsData, data, context, children) } // extract listeners, since these needs to be treated as // child component listeners instead of DOM listeners const listeners = data.on // replace with listeners with .native modifier // so it gets processed during parent component patch. data.on = data.nativeOn if (isTrue(Ctor.options.abstract)) { // abstract components do not keep anything // other than props & listeners & slot // work around flow const slot = data.slot data = {} if (slot) { data.slot = slot } } // 2、安装组件钩子函数 installComponentHooks(data) // 3、实例化vnode 组件vnode没有children const name = Ctor.options.name || tag const vnode = new VNode( `vue-component-${Ctor.cid}${name ? `-${name}` : ''}`, data, undefined, undefined, undefined, context, { Ctor, propsData, listeners, tag, children }, asyncFactory ) // Weex specific: invoke recycle-list optimized @render function for // extracting cell-slot template. // https://github.com/Hanks10100/weex-native-directive/tree/master/component /* istanbul ignore if */ if (__WEEX__ && isRecyclableComponent(vnode)) { return renderRecyclableComponentTemplate(vnode) } return vnode }
安装组件钩子函数：
//整个installComponentHooks的过程就是把componentVNodeHooks的钩子函数合并到data.hook中，在 VNode 执行patch的过程中执行相关的钩子函数
function installComponentHooks (data: VNodeData) { const hooks = data.hook || (data.hook = {}) for (let i = 0; i < hooksToMerge.length; i++) { const key = hooksToMerge[i] const existing = hooks[key] const toMerge = componentVNodeHooks[key] if (existing !== toMerge && !(existing && existing._merged)) { hooks[key] = existing ? mergeHook(toMerge, existing) : toMerge } } }
//合并钩子
function mergeHook (f1: any, f2: any): Function { const merged = (a, b) => { // flow complains about extra args which is why we use any f1(a, b) f2(a, b) } merged._merged = true return merged }
path:
//patch过程中会判断此处的返回值，如果为true直接结束
if (createComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm)) { return }
function createComponent (vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm) { let i = vnode.data if (isDef(i)) { const isReactivated = isDef(vnode.componentInstance) && i.keepAlive if (isDef(i = i.hook) && isDef(i = i.init)) { i(vnode, false /* hydrating */) } // after calling the init hook, if the vnode is a child component // it should've created a child instance and mounted it. the child // component also has set the placeholder vnode's elm. // in that case we can just return the element and be done. if (isDef(vnode.componentInstance)) { initComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue) insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm) if (isTrue(isReactivated)) { reactivateComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm) } return true } } }
init (vnode: VNodeWithData, hydrating: boolean): ?boolean { if ( vnode.componentInstance && !vnode.componentInstance._isDestroyed && vnode.data.keepAlive ) { // kept-alive components, treat as a patch const mountedNode: any = vnode // work around flow componentVNodeHooks.prepatch(mountedNode, mountedNode) } else { const child = vnode.componentInstance = createComponentInstanceForVnode( vnode, activeInstance ) child.$mount(hydrating ? vnode.elm : undefined, hydrating)//组件挂载 } }
export function createComponentInstanceForVnode ( vnode: any, // we know it's MountedComponentVNode but flow doesn't parent: any, // activeInstance in lifecycle state ): Component { const options: InternalComponentOptions = { _isComponent: true, _parentVnode: vnode, parent } // check inline-template render functions const inlineTemplate = vnode.data.inlineTemplate if (isDef(inlineTemplate)) { options.render = inlineTemplate.render options.staticRenderFns = inlineTemplate.staticRenderFns } return new vnode.componentOptions.Ctor(options) }
Vue.prototype._init = function (options?: Object) { const vm: Component = this // merge options if (options && options._isComponent) { // optimize internal component instantiation // since dynamic options merging is pretty slow, and none of the // internal component options needs special treatment. initInternalComponent(vm, options) } else { vm.$options = mergeOptions( resolveConstructorOptions(vm.constructor), options || {}, vm ) } // ... if (vm.$options.el) { vm.$mount(vm.$options.el) } }
export function initInternalComponent (vm: Component, options: InternalComponentOptions) { const opts = vm.$options = Object.create(vm.constructor.options) // doing this because it's faster than dynamic enumeration. const parentVnode = options._parentVnode opts.parent = options.parent opts._parentVnode = parentVnode const vnodeComponentOptions = parentVnode.componentOptions opts.propsData = vnodeComponentOptions.propsData opts._parentListeners = vnodeComponentOptions.listeners opts._renderChildren = vnodeComponentOptions.children opts._componentTag = vnodeComponentOptions.tag if (options.render) { opts.render = options.render opts.staticRenderFns = options.staticRenderFns } }
响应式：原理就是利用Object.defineProperty将数据对象变为响应式对象
vue初始化initState:
export function initState (vm: Component) { vm._watchers = [] //初始化watcher const opts = vm.$options //拿到配置 if (opts.props) initProps(vm, opts.props) //初始化props if (opts.methods) initMethods(vm, opts.methods) //初始化methods if (opts.data) { initData(vm) //初始化data } else { observe(vm._data = {}, true /* asRootData */) } if (opts.computed) initComputed(vm, opts.computed) //初始化computed if (opts.watch && opts.watch !== nativeWatch) { initWatch(vm, opts.watch) //初始化watch } }
initProps:1、调用 defineReactive 方法把每个 prop 对应的值变成响应式；2、通过 proxy 把 vm._props.xxx 的访问代理到 vm.xxx 上
function initProps (vm: Component, propsOptions: Object) { const propsData = vm.$options.propsData || {} const props = vm._props = {} // cache prop keys so that future props updates can iterate using Array // instead of dynamic object key enumeration. const keys = vm.$options._propKeys = [] const isRoot = !vm.$parent // root instance props should be converted if (!isRoot) { toggleObserving(false) } for (const key in propsOptions) { keys.push(key) const value = validateProp(key, propsOptions, propsData, vm) /* istanbul ignore else */ if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') { const hyphenatedKey = hyphenate(key) if (isReservedAttribute(hyphenatedKey) || config.isReservedAttr(hyphenatedKey)) { warn( `"${hyphenatedKey}" is a reserved attribute and cannot be used as component prop.`, vm ) } defineReactive(props, key, value, () => { if (vm.$parent && !isUpdatingChildComponent) { warn( `Avoid mutating a prop directly since the value will be ` + `overwritten whenever the parent component re-renders. ` + `Instead, use a data or computed property based on the prop's ` + `value. Prop being mutated: "${key}"`, vm ) } }) } else {
//1 defineReactive(props, key, value) } // static props are already proxied on the component's prototype // during Vue.extend(). We only need to proxy props defined at // instantiation here. if (!(key in vm)) {
//2 proxy(vm, `_props`, key) } } toggleObserving(true) }
initData:1、对定义 data 函数返回对象的遍历，通过 proxy 把每一个值 vm._data.xxx 都代理到 vm.xxx 上；2、调用 observe 方法观测整个 data 的变化，把 data 也变成响应式，可以通过 vm._data.xxx 访问到定义 data 返回函数中对应的属性
function initData (vm: Component) { let data = vm.$options.data data = vm._data = typeof data === 'function' ? getData(data, vm) : data || {} if (!isPlainObject(data)) { data = {} process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn( 'data functions should return an object:\n' + 'https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/components.html#data-Must-Be-a-Function', vm ) } // proxy data on instance const keys = Object.keys(data) const props = vm.$options.props const methods = vm.$options.methods let i = keys.length while (i--) { const key = keys[i] if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') { if (methods && hasOwn(methods, key)) { warn( `Method "${key}" has already been defined as a data property.`, vm ) } } if (props && hasOwn(props, key)) { process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn( `The data property "${key}" is already declared as a prop. ` + `Use prop default value instead.`, vm ) } else if (!isReserved(key)) { proxy(vm, `_data`, key) } } // observe data observe(data, true /* asRootData */) }
proxy:通过 Object.defineProperty 把 target[sourceKey][key] 的读写变成了对 target[key] 的读写
const sharedPropertyDefinition = { enumerable: true, configurable: true, get: noop, set: noop } export function proxy (target: Object, sourceKey: string, key: string) { sharedPropertyDefinition.get = function proxyGetter () { return this[sourceKey][key] } sharedPropertyDefinition.set = function proxySetter (val) { this[sourceKey][key] = val } Object.defineProperty(target, key, sharedPropertyDefinition) }
observe:功能是用来监测数据的变化
export function observe (value: any, asRootData: ?boolean): Observer | void { if (!isObject(value) || value instanceof VNode) { return } let ob: Observer | void if (hasOwn(value, '__ob__') && value.__ob__ instanceof Observer) { ob = value.__ob__ } else if ( shouldObserve && !isServerRendering() && (Array.isArray(value) || isPlainObject(value)) && Object.isExtensible(value) && !value._isVue ) { ob = new Observer(value) } if (asRootData && ob) { ob.vmCount++ } return ob }
Observer:
export class Observer { value: any; dep: Dep; vmCount: number; // number of vms that has this object as root $data constructor (value: any) { this.value = value
//实例化Dep对象 this.dep = new Dep() this.vmCount = 0
//通过执行def函数把自身实例添加到数据对象value的__ob__属性上
def(value, '__ob__', this) if (Array.isArray(value)) { const augment = hasProto ? protoAugment : copyAugment augment(value, arrayMethods, arrayKeys) this.observeArray(value) } else { this.walk(value) } } /** * Walk through each property and convert them into * getter/setters. This method should only be called when * value type is Object. */ walk (obj: Object) { const keys = Object.keys(obj) for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) { defineReactive(obj, keys[i]) } } /** * Observe a list of Array items. */ observeArray (items: Array<any>) { for (let i = 0, l = items.length; i < l; i++) { observe(items[i]) } } }
def函数：
export function def (obj: Object, key: string, val: any, enumerable?: boolean) { Object.defineProperty(obj, key, { value: val, enumerable: !!enumerable, writable: true, configurable: true }) }
defineReactive：defineReactive函数最开始初始化Dep对象的实例，接着拿到obj的属性描述符，然后对子对象递归调用observe方法，这样就保证了无论obj的结构多复杂，它的所有子属性也能变成响应式的对象，这样我们访问或修改obj中一个嵌套较深的属性，也能触发 getter 和 setter。最后利用Object.defineProperty去给obj的属性key添加 getter 和 setter
export function defineReactive ( obj: Object, key: string, val: any, customSetter?: ?Function, shallow?: boolean ) { const dep = new Dep() const property = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, key) if (property && property.configurable === false) { return } // cater for pre-defined getter/setters const getter = property && property.get const setter = property && property.set if ((!getter || setter) && arguments.length === 2) { val = obj[key] } let childOb = !shallow && observe(val) Object.defineProperty(obj, key, { enumerable: true, configurable: true, get: function reactiveGetter () { const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val if (Dep.target) { //依赖收集 dep.depend() if (childOb) { childOb.dep.depend() if (Array.isArray(value)) { dependArray(value) } } } return value }, set: function reactiveSetter (newVal) { const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val /* eslint-disable no-self-compare */ if (newVal === value || (newVal !== newVal && value !== value)) { return } /* eslint-enable no-self-compare */ if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && customSetter) { customSetter() } if (setter) { setter.call(obj, newVal) } else { val = newVal } childOb = !shallow && observe(newVal) dep.notify() //派发更新 } }) }
依赖收集：
Dep:Dep 实际上就是对 Watcher 的一种管理
export default class Dep {
static target: ?Watcher; // 一个全局唯一 Watcher
id: number;
subs: Array<Watcher>;
constructor () {
this.id = uid++
this.subs = []
}
addSub (sub: Watcher) {
this.subs.push(sub)
}
removeSub (sub: Watcher) {
remove(this.subs, sub)
}
depend () {
if (Dep.target) {
Dep.target.addDep(this)
}
}
notify () {
// stabilize the subscriber list first
const subs = this.subs.slice()
for (let i = 0, l = subs.length; i < l; i++) {
subs[i].update()
}
}
}
// the current target watcher being evaluated.
// this is globally unique because there could be only one
// watcher being evaluated at any time.
Dep.target = null
const targetStack = []
export function pushTarget (_target: ?Watcher) {
if (Dep.target) targetStack.push(Dep.target)
Dep.target = _target
}
export function popTarget () {
Dep.target = targetStack.pop()
}
Watcher:
export default class Watcher { vm: Component; expression: string; cb: Function; id: number; deep: boolean; user: boolean; computed: boolean; sync: boolean; dirty: boolean; active: boolean; dep: Dep; deps: Array<Dep>; newDeps: Array<Dep>; depIds: SimpleSet; newDepIds: SimpleSet; before: ?Function; getter: Function; value: any; constructor ( vm: Component, expOrFn: string | Function, cb: Function, options?: ?Object, isRenderWatcher?: boolean ) { this.vm = vm if (isRenderWatcher) { vm._watcher = this } vm._watchers.push(this) // options if (options) { this.deep = !!options.deep this.user = !!options.user this.computed = !!options.computed this.sync = !!options.sync this.before = options.before } else { this.deep = this.user = this.computed = this.sync = false } this.cb = cb this.id = ++uid // uid for batching this.active = true this.dirty = this.computed // for computed watchers this.deps = [] this.newDeps = [] this.depIds = new Set() this.newDepIds = new Set() this.expression = process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' ? expOrFn.toString() : '' // parse expression for getter if (typeof expOrFn === 'function') { this.getter = expOrFn } else { this.getter = parsePath(expOrFn) if (!this.getter) { this.getter = function () {} process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn( `Failed watching path: "${expOrFn}" ` + 'Watcher only accepts simple dot-delimited paths. ' + 'For full control, use a function instead.', vm ) } } if (this.computed) { this.value = undefined this.dep = new Dep() } else { this.value = this.get() } } /** * Evaluate the getter, and re-collect dependencies. */ get () { pushTarget(this) let value const vm = this.vm try { value = this.getter.call(vm, vm) } catch (e) { if (this.user) { handleError(e, vm, `getter for watcher "${this.expression}"`) } else { throw e } } finally { // "touch" every property so they are all tracked as // dependencies for deep watching if (this.deep) { traverse(value) } popTarget() this.cleanupDeps() } return value } /** * Add a dependency to this directive. */ addDep (dep: Dep) { const id = dep.id if (!this.newDepIds.has(id)) { this.newDepIds.add(id) this.newDeps.push(dep) if (!this.depIds.has(id)) { dep.addSub(this) } } } /** * Clean up for dependency collection. */ cleanupDeps () { let i = this.deps.length while (i--) { const dep = this.deps[i] if (!this.newDepIds.has(dep.id)) { dep.removeSub(this) } } let tmp = this.depIds this.depIds = this.newDepIds this.newDepIds = tmp this.newDepIds.clear() tmp = this.deps this.deps = this.newDeps this.newDeps = tmp this.newDeps.length = 0 } // ... }
派发更新：
dep的notify:遍历所有的subs及watcher的update方法
notify () { // stabilize the subscriber list first const subs = this.subs.slice() for (let i = 0, l = subs.length; i < l; i++) { subs[i].update() } }
update:
update () { /* istanbul ignore else */ if (this.lazy) { this.dirty = true } else if (this.sync) { this.run() } else { queueWatcher(this) } }
queueWatcher:
export function queueWatcher (watcher: Watcher) { const id = watcher.id if (has[id] == null) { has[id] = true if (!flushing) { queue.push(watcher) } else { // if already flushing, splice the watcher based on its id // if already past its id, it will be run next immediately. let i = queue.length - 1 while (i > index && queue[i].id > watcher.id) { i-- } queue.splice(i + 1, 0, watcher) } // queue the flush if (!waiting) { waiting = true if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !config.async) { flushSchedulerQueue() return } nextTick(flushSchedulerQueue) } } }
组件更新的过程核心就是新旧 vnode diff，对新旧节点相同以及不同的情况分别做不同的处理。新旧节点不同的更新流程是创建新节点->更新父占位符节点->删除旧节点；而新旧节点相同的更新流程是去获取它们的 children，根据不同情况做不同的更新逻辑。最复杂的情况是新旧节点相同且它们都存在子节点，那么会执行 updateChildren 逻辑。
编译：入口
const { render, staticRenderFns } = compileToFunctions(template, {
shouldDecodeNewlines,
shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref,
delimiters: options.delimiters,
comments: options.comments
}, this)
options.render = render
options.staticRenderFns = staticRenderFns
export const createCompiler = createCompilerCreator(function baseCompile ( template: string, options: CompilerOptions ): CompiledResult { const ast = parse(template.trim(), options) if (options.optimize !== false) { optimize(ast, options) } const code = generate(ast, options) return { ast, render: code.render, staticRenderFns: code.staticRenderFns } })
编译的过程：
1、解析字符串模板生成AST
const ast = parse(template.trim(),options)
2、优化语法树
optimize(ast,options)
3、生成代码
const code = generate(ast,opion)
export function parse ( template: string, options: CompilerOptions ): ASTElement | void { getFnsAndConfigFromOptions(options) parseHTML(template, { // options ... start (tag, attrs, unary) { let element = createASTElement(tag, attrs) processElement(element) treeManagement() }, end () { treeManagement() closeElement() }, chars (text: string) { handleText() createChildrenASTOfText() }, comment (text: string) { createChildrenASTOfComment() } }) return astRootElement }
export function optimize (root: ?ASTElement, options: CompilerOptions) { if (!root) return isStaticKey = genStaticKeysCached(options.staticKeys || '') isPlatformReservedTag = options.isReservedTag || no // first pass: mark all non-static nodes. markStatic(root) // second pass: mark static roots. markStaticRoots(root, false) } function genStaticKeys (keys: string): Function { return makeMap( 'type,tag,attrsList,attrsMap,plain,parent,children,attrs' + (keys ? ',' + keys : '') ) }
with(this){ return (isShow) ? _c('ul', { staticClass: "list", class: bindCls }, _l((data), function(item, index) { return _c('li', { on: { "click": function($event) { clickItem(index) } } }, [_v(_s(item) + ":" + _s(index))]) }) ) : _e() }
Vue Router:
项目开发中用Vue.use(router),就会执行 install方法
export function initUse (Vue: GlobalAPI) { Vue.use = function (plugin: Function | Object) { const installedPlugins = (this._installedPlugins || (this._installedPlugins = [])) if (installedPlugins.indexOf(plugin) > -1) { return this } const args = toArray(arguments, 1) args.unshift(this) if (typeof plugin.install === 'function') { plugin.install.apply(plugin, args) } else if (typeof plugin === 'function') { plugin.apply(null, args) } installedPlugins.push(plugin) return this } }
Vue.use 接受一个 plugin 参数，并且维护了一个 _installedPlugins 数组，它存储所有注册过的 plugin；接着又会判断 plugin 有没有定义 install 方法，如果有的话则调用该方法，并且该方法执行的第一个参数是 Vue；最后把 plugin 存储到 installedPlugins 中
看源码可以了解到Vue 提供的插件注册机制很简单，每个插件都需要实现一个静态的 install 方法，当我们执行 Vue.use 注册插件的时候，就会执行这个 install 方法，并且在这个 install 方法的第一个参数我们可以拿到 Vue 对象，这样的好处就是作为插件的编写方不需要再额外去import Vue 了
install:
export let _Vue export function install (Vue) { if (install.installed && _Vue === Vue) return install.installed = true _Vue = Vue const isDef = v => v !== undefined const registerInstance = (vm, callVal) => { let i = vm.$options._parentVnode if (isDef(i) && isDef(i = i.data) && isDef(i = i.registerRouteInstance)) { i(vm, callVal) } } Vue.mixin({ beforeCreate () { if (isDef(this.$options.router)) { this._routerRoot = this this._router = this.$options.router this._router.init(this) Vue.util.defineReactive(this, '_route', this._router.history.current) } else { this._routerRoot = (this.$parent && this.$parent._routerRoot) || this } registerInstance(this, this) }, destroyed () { registerInstance(this) } }) //往vue原形上挂载$router,这也是可以this.$router调用的原因 Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$router', { get () { return this._routerRoot._router } }) //往vue原形上挂载$route Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$route', { get () { return this._routerRoot._route } }) //挂载组件router-view router-link Vue.component('RouterView', View) Vue.component('RouterLink', Link) //路由合并策略 const strats = Vue.config.optionMergeStrategies // use the same hook merging strategy for route hooks strats.beforeRouteEnter = strats.beforeRouteLeave = strats.beforeRouteUpdate = strats.created }
为了确保 install 逻辑只执行一次，用了 install.installed 变量做已安装的标志位。另外用一个全局的 _Vue 来接收参数 Vue，因为作为 Vue 的插件对 Vue 对象是有依赖的，但又不能去单独去 import Vue，因为那样会增加包体积，所以就通过这种方式拿到 Vue 对象
VueRouter: 构造函数 new VueRouter时执行
constructor (options: RouterOptions = {}) { this.app = null this.apps = [] this.options = options this.beforeHooks = [] this.resolveHooks = [] this.afterHooks = [] this.matcher = createMatcher(options.routes || [], this) let mode = options.mode || 'hash' this.fallback = mode === 'history' && !supportsPushState && options.fallback !== false if (this.fallback) { mode = 'hash' } if (!inBrowser) { mode = 'abstract' } this.mode = mode switch (mode) { case 'history': this.history = new HTML5History(this, options.base) break case 'hash': this.history = new HashHistory(this, options.base, this.fallback) break case 'abstract': this.history = new AbstractHistory(this, options.base) break default: if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') { assert(false, `invalid mode: ${mode}`) } } }
init:
init (app: any /* Vue component instance */) { process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && assert( install.installed, `not installed. Make sure to call \`Vue.use(VueRouter)\` ` + `before creating root instance.` ) this.apps.push(app) // set up app destroyed handler // https://github.com/vuejs/vue-router/issues/2639 app.$once('hook:destroyed', () => { // clean out app from this.apps array once destroyed const index = this.apps.indexOf(app) if (index > -1) this.apps.splice(index, 1) // ensure we still have a main app or null if no apps // we do not release the router so it can be reused if (this.app === app) this.app = this.apps[0] || null }) // main app previously initialized // return as we don't need to set up new history listener if (this.app) { return } this.app = app const history = this.history if (history instanceof HTML5History) { history.transitionTo(history.getCurrentLocation()) } else if (history instanceof HashHistory) { const setupHashListener = () => { history.setupListeners() } history.transitionTo( history.getCurrentLocation(), setupHashListener, setupHashListener ) } history.listen(route => { this.apps.forEach((app) => { app._route = route }) }) }
在组件的初始化阶段，执行到 beforeCreate 钩子函数的时候会执行 router.init 方法，然后又会执行 history.transitionTo 方法做路由过渡
matcher:匹配新路线
export type Matcher = { match: (raw: RawLocation, current?: Route, redirectedFrom?: Location) => Route; addRoutes: (routes: Array<RouteConfig>) => void; };
切换：
transitionTo (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) { const route = this.router.match(location, this.current) this.confirmTransition(route, () => { this.updateRoute(route) onComplete && onComplete(route) this.ensureURL() if (!this.ready) { this.ready = true this.readyCbs.forEach(cb => { cb(route) }) } }, err => { if (onAbort) { onAbort(err) } if (err && !this.ready) { this.ready = true this.readyErrorCbs.forEach(cb => { cb(err) }) } }) }
confirmTransition (route: Route, onComplete: Function, onAbort?: Function) { const current = this.current const abort = err => { if (isError(err)) { if (this.errorCbs.length) { this.errorCbs.forEach(cb => { cb(err) }) } else { warn(false, 'uncaught error during route navigation:') console.error(err) } } onAbort && onAbort(err) } if ( isSameRoute(route, current) && route.matched.length === current.matched.length ) { this.ensureURL() return abort() } const { updated, deactivated, activated } = resolveQueue(this.current.matched, route.matched) const queue: Array<?NavigationGuard> = [].concat( extractLeaveGuards(deactivated), this.router.beforeHooks, extractUpdateHooks(updated), activated.map(m => m.beforeEnter), resolveAsyncComponents(activated) ) this.pending = route const iterator = (hook: NavigationGuard, next) => { if (this.pending !== route) { return abort() } try { hook(route, current, (to: any) => { if (to === false || isError(to)) { this.ensureURL(true) abort(to) } else if ( typeof to === 'string' || (typeof to === 'object' && ( typeof to.path === 'string' || typeof to.name === 'string' )) ) { abort() if (typeof to === 'object' && to.replace) { this.replace(to) } else { this.push(to) } } else { next(to) } }) } catch (e) { abort(e) } } runQueue(queue, iterator, () => { const postEnterCbs = [] const isValid = () => this.current === route const enterGuards = extractEnterGuards(activated, postEnterCbs, isValid) const queue = enterGuards.concat(this.router.resolveHooks) runQueue(queue, iterator, () => { if (this.pending !== route) { return abort() } this.pending = null onComplete(route) if (this.router.app) { this.router.app.$nextTick(() => { postEnterCbs.forEach(cb => { cb() }) }) } }) }) }
Vue.options._base = Vue
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