唐敬博-201871010118 《面向对象程序设计(java)》第七周学习总结

在博客园撰写博客(随笔),总结7周实验内容,作业格式要求如下:

  1. 博文名称:学号-姓名《面向对象程序设计(java)》第七周学习总结(1分)
  2. 博文正文开头格式:(2分)

项目

内容

这个作业属于哪个课程

https://www.cnblogs.com/nwnu-daizh/

这个作业的要求在哪里

 https://www.cnblogs.com/nwnu-daizh/p/11435127.html

作业学习目标

  1. 掌握四种访问权限修饰符的使用特点;
  2. 掌握Object类的用途及常用API;
  3. 掌握ArrayList类的定义方法及用途;
  4. 掌握枚举类定义方法及用途;
  5. 结合本章实验内容,理解继承与多态性两个面向对象程序设计特征,并体会其优点。

随笔博文正文内容包括:

实验内容和步骤

实验1:(20分)

实验内容:在“System.out.println(...);”语句处按注释要求设计代码替换...,观察代码录入中IDE提示,以验证四种权限修饰符的用法

代码如下:

package ppp;

 class Parent {
    private String p1 = "这是Parent的私有属性";
    public String p2 = "这是Parent的公有属性";
    protected String p3 = "这是Parent受保护的属性";
    String p4 = "这是Parent的默认属性";
    private void pMethod1() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent用private修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    public void pMethod2() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent用public修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    protected void pMethod3() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent用protected修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    void pMethod4() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent无修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
}
class Son extends Parent{
    private String s1 = "这是Son的私有属性";
    public String s2 = "这是Son的公有属性";
    protected String s3 = "这是Son受保护的属性";
    String s4 = "这是Son的默认属性";
    public void sMethod1() {
        System.out.println(p2);//分别尝试显示Parent类的p1、p2、p3、p4值
        System.out.println("我是Son用public修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    private void sMethod2() {
        System.out.println("我是Son用private修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    protected void sMethod() {
        System.out.println("我是Son用protected修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    void sMethod4() {
        System.out.println("我是Son无修饰符修饰的方法");
    }  
}
public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Parent parent=new Parent();
        Son son=new Son();
        parent.pMethod2();  //分别尝试用parent调用Paren类的方法、用son调用Son类的方法 
    }
}
Parent的代码如下:
 

package com.nwnu.demo1;

public class Parent {
    private String p1 = "这是Parent的私有属性";
    public String p2 = "这是Parent的公有属性";
    protected String p3 = "这是Parent受保护的属性";
    String p4 = "这是Parent的默认属性";
    private void pMethod1() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent用private修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    public void pMethod2() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent用public修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    protected void pMethod3() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent用protected修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    void pMethod4() {
        System.out.println("我是Parent无修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
}
Son的代码如下:
package com.nwnu.demo2;
import com.nwnu.demo1.Parent;
public class Son extends Parent{
    private String s1 = "这是Son的私有属性";
    public String s2 = "这是Son的公有属性";
    protected String s3 = "这是Son受保护的属性";
    String s4 = "这是Son的默认属性";
    public void sMethod1() {
        System.out.println(p2);//分别尝试显示Parent类的p1、p2、p3、p4值
        System.out.println("我是Son用public修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    private void sMethod2() {
        System.out.println("我是Son用private修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    protected void sMethod() {
        System.out.println("我是Son用protected修饰符修饰的方法");
    }
    void sMethod4() {
        System.out.println("我是Son无修饰符修饰的方法");
    }  
}
运行结果如下:
调用p2以及方法二得到的结果:

调用方法得到的结果:

调用方法四得到的结果;

 

  

 

得到的结果:    权限控制表

修饰词         本类      同一个包的类       继承类      其他类
private          √                      ×                ×                ×
无(默认)   √                       √               ×                ×
protected     √                       √               √                 ×
public           √                      √                √                 √

 实验2:测试程序1(15分)

l  运行教材程序5-8、5-9、5-10,结合程序运行结果理解程序(教材174页-177页);

实验代码如下:

1,package equals;

 
import java.time.*;
import java.util.Objects;
 
public class Employee
{
   private String name;
   private double salary;
   private LocalDate hireDay;
 
   public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
   {
      this.name = name;
      this.salary = salary;
      hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
   }
 
   public String getName()
   {
      return name;
   }
 
   public double getSalary()
   {
      return salary;
   }
 
   public LocalDate getHireDay()
   {
      return hireDay;
   }
 
   public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
   {
      double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
      salary += raise;
   }
 
   public boolean equals(Object otherObject)
   {
      // a quick test to see if the objects are identical
      if (this == otherObject) return true;   //检查这些值是否相等
      // must return false if the explicit parameter is null
      if (otherObject == nullreturn false;   //如果显示参数为空,则返回false
 
      // if the classes don't match, they can't be equal
      if (getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) return false;   //如果类不相等,则它们不匹配
 
      // now we know otherObject is a non-null Employee
      Employee other = (Employee) otherObject;     //otherObject 是一个非空雇员对象
 
      // test whether the fields have identical values
      return Objects.equals(name, other.name)   
         && salary == other.salary && Objects.equals(hireDay, other.hireDay);   //检测它们是否具有相同的值
   }
 
   public int hashCode()
   {
      return Objects.hash(name, salary, hireDay);
   }
 
   public String toString()
   {
      return getClass().getName() + "[name=" + name + ",salary=" + salary + ",hireDay="
         + hireDay + "]";
   }
}
2,package equals;
 
public class Manager extends Employee    //子类Manager类继承父类Employee类
{
   private double bonus;
 
   public Manager(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)    //Manager构造器
   {
      super(name, salary, year, month, day);
      bonus = 0;
   }
 
   public double getSalary()     //
   {
      double baseSalary = super.getSalary();
      return baseSalary + bonus;
   }
 
   public void setBonus(double bonus)
   {
      this.bonus = bonus;
   }
 
   public boolean equals(Object otherObject)
   {
      if (!super.equals(otherObject)) return false;    //检查是否属于同一个类
      Manager other = (Manager) otherObject;
      // super.equals checked that this and other belong to the same class
      return bonus == other.bonus;
   }
 
   public int hashCode()
   {
      return java.util.Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), bonus);
   }
 
   public String toString()
   {
      return super.toString() + "[bonus=" + bonus + "]";
   }
}
3,package equals;
 
/**
 * This program demonstrates the equals method.
 * @version 1.12 2012-01-26
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class EqualsTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      Employee alice1 = new Employee("Alice Adams"7500019871215);
      Employee alice2 = alice1;
      Employee alice3 = new Employee("Alice Adams"7500019871215);
      Employee bob = new Employee("Bob Brandson"500001989101);
 
      System.out.println("alice1 == alice2: " + (alice1 == alice2));
 
      System.out.println("alice1 == alice3: " + (alice1 == alice3));
 
      System.out.println("alice1.equals(alice3): " + alice1.equals(alice3));
 
      System.out.println("alice1.equals(bob): " + alice1.equals(bob));
 
      System.out.println("bob.toString(): " + bob);
 
      Manager carl = new Manager("Carl Cracker"8000019871215);
      Manager boss = new Manager("Carl Cracker"8000019871215);
      boss.setBonus(5000);
      System.out.println("boss.toString(): " + boss);
      System.out.println("carl.equals(boss): " + carl.equals(boss));
      System.out.println("alice1.hashCode(): " + alice1.hashCode());
      System.out.println("alice3.hashCode(): " + alice3.hashCode());
      System.out.println("bob.hashCode(): " + bob.hashCode());
      System.out.println("carl.hashCode(): " + carl.hashCode());
   }
}
运行结果如下:

 

 

 删除程序中Employee类、Manager类中的equals()、hasCode()、toString()方法,背录删除方法,在代码录入中理解类中重写Object父类方法的技术要点。

Employee类重写后代码如下:

package equals;

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Objects;

public class Employee
{
private String name; //实例域定义
private double salary;
private LocalDate hireDay;

public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)//构造器定义
{
this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}

public double getSalary() {
return salary;
}

public LocalDate getHireDay() {
return hireDay;
}
public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
{
double raise=salary*byPercent/100;
salary+=raise;
}


@Override
public boolean equals(Object otherObject) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(this==otherObject) return true;
if(this==null) return false;
if(getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) return false;
Employee other=(Employee)otherObject;
return Objects.equals(name,other.name)&&salary == other.salary&&Objects.equals(hireDay,other.hireDay);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return Objects.hash(name,salary,hireDay);
}

@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return getClass().getName()+"[name="+name+",salary="+salary+",hireday="+hireDay+"]";
}

}

 

Manager类重写之后代码如下:

package equals;

/**
* This program demonstrates the equals method.
* @version 1.12 2012-01-26
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class EqualsTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Employee alice1 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
Employee alice2 = alice1;
Employee alice3 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
Employee bob = new Employee("Bob Brandson", 50000, 1989, 10, 1);

System.out.println("alice1 == alice2: " + (alice1 == alice2));

System.out.println("alice1 == alice3: " + (alice1 == alice3));

System.out.println("alice1.equals(alice3): " + alice1.equals(alice3));

System.out.println("alice1.equals(bob): " + alice1.equals(bob));

System.out.println("bob.toString(): " + bob);

Manager carl = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
Manager boss = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
boss.setBonus(5000);
System.out.println("boss.toString(): " + boss);
System.out.println("carl.equals(boss): " + carl.equals(boss));
System.out.println("alice1.hashCode(): " + alice1.hashCode());
System.out.println("alice3.hashCode(): " + alice3.hashCode());
System.out.println("bob.hashCode(): " + bob.hashCode());
System.out.println("carl.hashCode(): " + carl.hashCode());
}
}

 

(3)EmployeeTest类代码如下:

package equalspublic class Manager extends Employee{

private double bonus;
public Manager(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day) {
super(name, salary, year, month, day);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
bonus = 0;
}
public void setBonus(double bonus) {
this.bonus = bonus;
}
@Override
public double getSalary() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
double baseSalary= super.getSalary();
return baseSalary+bonus;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object otherObject) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(!super.equals(otherObject)) return false;
Manager other=(Manager)otherObject;
return bonus==other.bonus;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.hashCode()+17*new Double(bonus).hashCode();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.toString()+"[bonus="+bonus+"]";
    }

}

运行结果如下:

 

 

实验2:测试程序2(15分)

l  在elipse IDE中调试运行程序5-11(教材182页),结合程序运行结果理解程序;

l  掌握ArrayList类的定义及用法;

l  在程序中相关代码处添加新知识的注释;

实验代码如下:

package arrayList;

import java.util.*;

/**
* This program demonstrates the ArrayList class.
* @version 1.11 2012-01-26
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class ArrayListTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// fill the staff array list with three Employee objects
ArrayList<Employee> staff = new ArrayList<Employee>();

staff.add(new Employee("Carl Cracker", 75000, 1987, 12, 15));
staff.add(new Employee("Harry Hacker", 50000, 1989, 10, 1));
staff.add(new Employee("Tony Tester", 40000, 1990, 3, 15));

// raise everyone's salary by 5%
for (Employee e : staff)
e.raiseSalary(5);

// print out information about all Employee objects
for (Employee e : staff)
System.out.println("name=" + e.getName() + ",salary=" + e.getSalary() + ",hireDay=" 
+ e.getHireDay());
}
}

(2)

package arrayList;

import java.time.*;

public class Employee
{
private String name;
private double salary;
private LocalDate hireDay;

public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day)
{
this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
}

public String getName()
{
return name;
}

public double getSalary()
{
return salary;
}

public LocalDate getHireDay()
{
return hireDay;
}

public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
{
double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
salary += raise;
}
}

运行结果如下:

 

 

实验2:测试程序3(15分)

l  编辑、编译、调试运行程序5-12(教材189页),结合运行结果理解程序;

l  掌握枚举类的定义及用法;

l  在程序中相关代码处添加新知识的注释;

实验代码如下:

package enums;

import java.util.*;

/**
* This program demonstrates enumerated types.
* @version 1.0 2004-05-24
* @author Cay Horstmann
*/
public class EnumTest

public static void main(String[] args)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a size: (SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRA_LARGE) ");
String input = in.next().toUpperCase();
Size size = Enum.valueOf(Size.class, input);
System.out.println("size=" + size);
System.out.println("abbreviation=" + size.getAbbreviation());
if (size == Size.EXTRA_LARGE)
System.out.println("Good job--you paid attention to the _."); 
}
}

enum Size
{
SMALL("S"), MEDIUM("M"), LARGE("L"), EXTRA_LARGE("XL");

private Size(String abbreviation) { this.abbreviation = abbreviation; }
public String getAbbreviation() { return abbreviation; }

private String abbreviation;
}

运行结果如下:

 

 

实验2:测试程序4(5分)

录入以下代码,结合程序运行结果了解方法的可变参数用法

 

public class TestVarArgus {  

 

    public static void dealArray(int... intArray){  

 

        for (int i : intArray)  

 

            System.out.print(i +" ");  

 

          

 

        System.out.println();  

 

    }        

 

    public static void main(String args[]){  

 

        dealArray();  

 

        dealArray(1);  

 

        dealArray(1, 2, 3);  

 

    }  

 

}

运行结果如下:

 

 

实验3:编程练习(10分)

代码如下:

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Son son = new Son();
        son.method();
    }
}
class Parent {
    Parent() {
        System.out.println("Parent's Constructor without parameter");
    }
    Parent(boolean b) {
        System.out.println("Parent's Constructor with a boolean parameter");
    }
    public void method() {
        System.out.println("Parent's method()");
    }
}
class Son extends Parent {
//补全本类定义
    Son(){
        super(false);
        System.out.println("Son's Constructor without parameter");
    }
    public void method() {
        System.out.println("Son's method()");
        super.method();
    }
}

 

 运行结果:

 

 

3. 实验总结:(15分)

我觉得在学习理论知识时,可以跟着老师的思路,觉得已经掌握了知识点,但在实验过程中发现自己还是不会运用,肯平时没有多看书,对基础知识掌握不到位。对于老师设计的简单编程题,由于自己的知识还不够,因此几乎不能独立的做出完整的实验。所以在以后的学习中,我会多看翁恺老师的视频以及老师的课件来学习编程,来写出完整的程序。

posted @ 2019-10-14 21:08  tangjingbo  阅读(136)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报