MySQL主从复制原理及其配置步骤简述
一、MySQL复制原理。
二、MySQL复制配置。
一、MySQL复制原理
1.MySQL复制原理图
复制原理:
Slave启动IO Thread和SQL Thread
Master启动DumpThread
1.Slave通过IO Thread向Master的Dump Thread发送请求,Master的Dump Thread请求本地的binlog。
2.Master读取本地的binlog,并将读取内容发送给Slave的IO Thread线程。
3.Slave的IO Thread将收到的内容,写入到本地的relaylog中。
4.Slave的SQL Thread读取本地的relaylog文件内容。
5.Slave的SQL Thread将读取的内容写入到本地数据库。
二、MySQL复制配置
1.MySQL复制图
2.配置Master
2.1.修改Master配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#开启二进制日志文件
log-bin = mysql-bin
#配置唯一server id
server-id =
1
#事务安全
sync_master_info =
1
sync_binlog =
1
innodb_support_xa = ON
2.2.Master配置文件全文
[client]
port =
3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port =
3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache =
256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size =
8
query_cache_size= 16M
thread_concurrency =
8
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id =
1
sync_master_info =
1
sync_binlog =
1
innodb_support_xa = ON
datadir = /data/mysql/
3306
/data
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/
3306
/data
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/
3306
/data
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =
2
innodb_lock_wait_timeout =
50
innodb_file_per_table = ON
skip_name_resolve = ON
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
2.3.创建复制权限的用户
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to
'repl'
@
'192.168.1.5'
identified by
'slavepass'
;
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.39
sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.06
sec)
3.配置Slave
3.1.修改Slave配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#设置唯一ID
server-id =
3
#启用relay log
relay_log= relay-log
relay_log_index=relay-log.index
#事务安全
skip_slave_start = ON
sync_relay_log =
1
sync_relay_log_info =
1
3.3.slave配置文件全文
[client]
port =
3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port =
3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache =
256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size =
8
query_cache_size= 16M
thread_concurrency =
8
server-id =
3
relay_log= relay-log
relay_log_index=relay-log.index
skip_slave_start = ON
sync_relay_log =
1
sync_relay_log_info =
1
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/
3306
/data
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/
3306
/data
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =
2
innodb_lock_wait_timeout =
50
innodb_file_per_table = ON
skip_name_resolve = ON
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
4.开始复制
4.1.在Master上查看binlog Pos点
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G
***************************
1
. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.
000008
Position:
652
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1
row
in
set
(
0.00
sec)
4.2.在slave上执行同步操作
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host=
'192.168.1.4'
,master_user=
'repl'
,master_password=
'slavepass'
,master_log_file=
'mysql-bin.000008'
,master_log_pos=
652
;
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.93
sec)
4.3.在slave上启动slave
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.02
sec)
4.3.在slave上查看slave状态
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G
***************************
1
. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting
for
master to send event
Master_Host:
192.168
.
1.4
Master_User: repl
Master_Port:
3306
Connect_Retry:
60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.
000008
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
652
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.
000002
Relay_Log_Pos:
537
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.
000008
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
652
Relay_Log_Space:
829
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
1
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: conservative
1
row
in
set
(
0.00
sec)
5.测试同步
5.1.在master创建数据
MariaDB [(none)]> create database ckldb;
Query OK,
1
row affected (
0.37
sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
use
ckldb;
Database changed
MariaDB [ckldb]> create table jone(id
int
,name
var
char(
30
));
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.29
sec)
MariaDB [ckldb]> insert into jone values(
1
,
'wukaka'
);
Query OK,
1
row affected (
0.49
sec)
MariaDB [ckldb]>
delete
from jone;
Query OK,
1
row affected (
0.09
sec)
MariaDB [ckldb]> insert into jone values(
1
,
'wukaka'
),(
2
,
'side'
);
Query OK,
2
rows affected (
0.06
sec)
Records:
2
Duplicates:
0
Warnings:
0
MariaDB [ckldb]> select * from jone;
+------+--------+
| id | name |
+------+--------+
|
1
| wukaka |
|
2
| side |
+------+--------+
2
rows
in
set
(
0.00
sec)
5.2.在slave上查看
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| ckldb |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5
rows
in
set
(
0.34
sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
use
ckldb;
Database changed
MariaDB [ckldb]> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_ckldb |
+-----------------+
| jone |
+-----------------+
1
row
in
set
(
0.00
sec)
MariaDB [ckldb]> select * from jone;
+------+--------+
| id | name |
+------+--------+
|
1
| wukaka |
|
2
| side |
+------+--------+
2
rows
in
set
(
0.00
sec)