Spring-mvc浅学

一、mvc设计模式，创建 Web 应用程序的模式： 

spring mvc : 基于web层(请求处理和响应发送 b/s)的框架.
（sturts1,struts2,spring mvc ，spring webFlux等等都属于web层框架）

二、传统的b/s架构与spring mvc的架构有区别
mvc模式：m (model ) v（view--jsp,html） c （control--servlet）
1)传统的b/s架构
客户端------请求-----控制器(servlet)----->封装数据model中
-------响应-----------jsp-------------------------


缺点：
1). servlet生产周期长，大量servlet的产生。占据大量内存。
2)spring mvc 的b/s架构


优点：1.只有1个servlet。


2.分工明确
中央处理器(servlet)：接受请求，分配任务，发送响应
映射器：根据url,确定找谁(处理器)，干什么(办什么业务)，将其告诉老大
适配器：根据映射器结果，找到对应的处理器，完成任务，并将结果返回给老大
视图解析器：解析处理器返回的结果(model view)---返回哪个jsp，里面要显示什么数据
渲染--->|客户

三、spring mvc开发的流程
第1步： mybatis spring mvc需要的包(spring+ spring-web包+spring-webmvc)

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.generator/mybatis-generator-core -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
  <version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.6</version>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
  <artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
  <version>2.6.11</version>
  <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    </exclusion>
  </exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.caches/mybatis-ehcache -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
  <version>3.4.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.12</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.35</version>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>log4j</groupId>
  <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
  <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
  <artifactId>taglibs-standard-spec</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
  <artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
  <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.liferay/com.fasterxml.jackson.databind -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.liferay</groupId>
  <artifactId>com.fasterxml.jackson.databind</artifactId>
  <version>2.10.3.LIFERAY-PATCHED-1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.catalina/com.springsource.org.apache.catalina -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.catalina</groupId>
  <artifactId>com.springsource.org.apache.catalina</artifactId>
  <version>7.0.26</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson/jackson-jaxrs-base -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson/jackson-json-schema-plugin -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson/jackson-base -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-base</artifactId>
  <version>2.12.0</version>
  <type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
  <version>2.12.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
  <version>2.12.0</version>
</dependency>


<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson/jackson-bom -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-bom</artifactId>
  <version>2.12.0</version>
  <type>pom</type>
</dependency>


<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jms -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-messaging -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-orm -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-oxm -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
  <version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
  <version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
  <version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.25</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
  <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.11</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>



第2步：web.xml配置中央处理器（spring 写好的一个servelt）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!-- 一、tomcat容器启动加载spring的bean工厂 （单元测试加载配置文件）-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- 三、其他配置：spring编码过滤器 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 二、spring mvc中央处理器（spring-web.xml中映射器、适配器、视图解析器） -->

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 参数 :告诉中央处理器 使用哪个映射器，哪个适配器，哪个视图解析器 -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-web.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <!-- / 中央处理器处理所有请求：包括jsp html 注意：不能写/*,否则报错 *.do 中央处理器处理url中以.do结果 比如：
    http://127.0.0.1:8080/easybuy/index.do
    被处理 http://127.0.0.1:8080/easybuy/index.jsp 不被处理 -->
    <!-- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> -->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>


第3步：配置spring-web.xml（映射器，适配器，视图解析器）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        ">
    <!-- 4.处理器：开启注解扫描:扫描我们的Controller -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="pojo**">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 1.处理器映射器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
    <!-- 2.处理器适配器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
    <!-- 3.试图解析器 -->
    <bean
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 解析jstl标签 -->
        <property name="viewClass"
                  value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <!-- 动态页面的前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!-- 动态页面的后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>


第4步：定义处理器
@Controller
@requestMapping

package cc.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller//表明你是一个spring mvc的handler控制器
public class TestController {
   public TestController() {
      System.out.println("创建。。。");
   }
   @RequestMapping("/test")
   public ModelAndView test() {
      ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
      //设置model（数据）
      //mv.addObject(attributeName, attributeValue)
      //设置view（页面）
      mv.setViewName("index");
      return mv;
   }
   
   @RequestMapping("/index")
   public ModelAndView index() {
      ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
      //设置model（数据）
      //mv.addObject(attributeName, attributeValue)
      //设置view（页面）
      mv.setViewName("index"); //WEB-INF/jsp +index+ .jsp
      return mv;
   }
   
}


【补充】
@Component这个注解 在后期spring后期版本中进行细化
@Controller ----web层
@Service -----业务层
@Repository -----持久层 spring data jpa spring JDBCTemplate

posted on 2020-12-21 20:39  茕茕孑立!  阅读(65)  评论(0)    收藏  举报

博客园  ©  2004-2025
浙公网安备 33010602011771号 浙ICP备2021040463号-3