访问者模式:访问者模式的目的是封装一些施加于某种数据结构元素之上的操作。一旦这些操作需要修改的话,接受这个操作的数据结构可以保持不变。访问者模式适用于数据结构相对未定的系统,它把数据结构和作用于结构上的操作之间的耦合解脱开,使得操作集合可以相对自由的演化。访问者模式使得增加新的操作变的很容易,就是增加一个新的访问者类。访问者模式将有关的行为集中到一个访问者对象中,而不是分散到一个个的节点类中。当使用访问者模式时,要将尽可能多的对象浏览逻辑放在访问者类中,而不是放到它的子类中。访问者模式可以跨过几个类的等级结构访问属于不同的等级结构的成员类。
| 名称 | Visitor |
| 结构 | ![]() |
| 意图 | 表示一个作用于某对象结构中的各元素的操作。它使你可以在不改变各元素的类的前提下定义作用于这些元素的新操作。 |
| 适用性 |
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| Code Example |
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// Visitor2 ![]() 3 // Intent: "Represent an operation to be performed on the elements of an 4 // object structure. Visitor lets you define a new operation without 5 // changing the classes of the elements on which it operates." 6 ![]() 7 // For further information, read "Design Patterns", p331, Gamma et al.,8 // Addison-Wesley, ISBN:0-201-63361-29 ![]() 10 /* Notes:11 * If you have a number of elements, and wish to carry out a number of12 * operations on them, the Visitor design pattern can be helpful.13 * 14 * It lets you extract the operations to be carried out on elements from15 * the elements themselves. It means operations cna change without affecting16 * the elements. 17 */18 19 namespace Visitor_DesignPattern20 {21 using System;22 ![]() 23 abstract class Visitor 24 {25 abstract public void VisitElementA(ConcreteElementA a);26 abstract public void VisitElementB(ConcreteElementB b);27 }28 ![]() 29 class ConcreteVisitor1 : Visitor30 {31 override public void VisitElementA(ConcreteElementA a)32 {33 34 }35 ![]() 36 override public void VisitElementB(ConcreteElementB b)37 {38 39 }40 }41 ![]() 42 abstract class Element 43 {44 abstract public void Accept(Visitor v);45 }46 ![]() 47 class ConcreteElementA : Element 48 {49 public Visitor myVisitor;50 override public void Accept(Visitor v)51 {52 myVisitor = v; 53 }54 ![]() 55 public void OperationA()56 {57 58 }59 ![]() 60 public void DoSomeWork()61 {62 // do some work here63 // . . .64 ![]() 65 // Get visitor to visit66 myVisitor.VisitElementA(this); 67 ![]() 68 // do some more work here69 // . . .70 }71 }72 ![]() 73 class ConcreteElementB : Element 74 {75 override public void Accept(Visitor v)76 {77 78 }79 ![]() 80 public void OperationB()81 {82 83 }84 }85 ![]() 86 /// <summary>87 /// Summary description for Client.88 /// </summary>89 public class Client90 {91 public static int Main(string[] args)92 { 93 ConcreteElementA eA = new ConcreteElementA();94 ConcreteElementB eB = new ConcreteElementB();95 ConcreteVisitor1 v1 = new ConcreteVisitor1();96 ![]() 97 eA.Accept(v1);98 eA.DoSomeWork();99 ![]() 100 return 0;101 }102 }103 }104 ![]() 105 ![]() |




* If you have a number of elements, and wish to carry out a number of


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