Packet Tracer 5.0实验(十) 路由器OSPF动态路由配置

一、实验目标

掌握OSPF协议的配置方法；
掌握查看通过动态路由协议OSPF学习产生的路由；
熟悉广域网线缆的连接方式；

二、实验背景

假设某公司通过一台三层交换机连到公司出口路由器上，路由器再和公司外的另一台路由器连接。现要做适当配置，实现公司内部主机与公司外部主机之间的相互通信。为了简化网管的管理维护工作，公司决定采用OSPF协议实现互通。

三、技术原理

OSPF开放式最短路径优先协议，是目前网络中应用最广泛的路由协议之一。属于内部网关路由协议，能够适应各种规模的网络环境，是典型的链路状态协议。OSPF路由协议通过向全网扩散设备的链路状态信息，使网络中每台设备最终同步一个具有全网链路状态的数据库，然后路由器采用SPF算法，以自己为根，计算到达其他网络的最短路径，最终形成全网路由信息。

四、实验步骤

实验拓扑

1、在三层交换机上划分VLAN10和VLAN20，其中VLAN10用于连接校园网主机，VLAN20用于连接R1；

2、路由器之间通过V.35电缆通过串口连接，DCE端连接在R1上，配置其时间频率为64000；

3、主机和交换机通过直连线连接，主机与路由器通过交叉线连接；

4、在S3560上配置OSPF路由协议；

5、在路由器R1、R2上配置OSPF路由协议；

6、将PC1、PC2主机默认网关分别设置为与直连网络设备接口IP地址；

7、验证PC1、PC2主机之间可以互相通信；

S3560:

Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname S3560
S3560(config)#vlan 10
S3560(config-vlan)#exit
S3560(config)#vlan 20
S3560(config-vlan)#exit
S3560(config)#interface fa0/10
S3560(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
S3560(config-if)#exit
S3560(config)#interface fa0/20
S3560(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
S3560(config-if)#exit
S3560(config)#interface vlan 10
S3560(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to up

S3560(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
S3560(config-if)#exit
S3560(config)#interface vlan 20

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to up
S3560(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
S3560(config-if)#exit
S3560(config)#router ospf ?
  <1-65535>  Process ID
S3560(config)#router ospf 1
S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 ?
  A.B.C.D  OSPF wild card bits
S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 ?
  area  Set the OSPF area ID
S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area ?
  <0-4294967295>  OSPF area ID as a decimal value
  A.B.C.D         OSPF area ID in IP address format
S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
S3560(config-router)#end
S3560#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

S3560#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20
S3560#
00:10:01: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.4.1 on Vlan20 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

S3560#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10
O    192.168.2.0/24 [110/783] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:00, Vlan20
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20
O    192.168.4.0/24 [110/782] via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:40, Vlan20
S3560#

R1:

Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface fa0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 

R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface serial 2/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to down
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#
00:09:57: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.3.1 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

R1(config-router)#end

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O    192.168.1.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

00:12:53: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.4.2 on Serial2/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

R1#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O    192.168.1.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.3.1, 00:02:58, FastEthernet0/0
O    192.168.2.0/24 [110/782] via 192.168.4.2, 00:00:02, Serial2/0
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
R1#

R2:

Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface fa0/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface serial 2/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#end

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
R2#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O    192.168.1.0/24 [110/783] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:01, Serial2/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O    192.168.3.0/24 [110/782] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:01, Serial2/0
C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
R2#

五、测试

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0
PC>ipconfig

IP Address......................: 192.168.1.2
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.1

PC>ping 192.168.2.2

Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 11ms, Maximum = 15ms, Average = 13ms

PC>

posted @ 2012-07-18 17:51 Merlin_Tang 阅读(22187) 评论(2) 编辑收藏举报

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Packet Tracer 5.0实验(十) 路由器OSPF动态路由配置

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