python实例26[sendemail]

 

一 发送简单的纯文本邮件 

import sys
import os.path
import smtplib
import email

def sendTextMail(mailhost,sender,recipients,ccto = '',bccto = '',subject = '',message = '', messagefile = ''):

  try:
    mailport=smtplib.SMTP(mailhost)
  except:
    sys.stderr.write('Unable to connect to SMTP host "' + mailhost \
                      + '"!\nYou can try again later\n')
    return 0
    
  if(os.path.exists(messagefile) and os.path.isfile(messagefile)):
    with open(messagefile,'r') as f:
      message += f.read()
    
  fullmessage = 'From: ' + ' <' + sender + '> \n' +\
              'To: ' + recipients + '\n' +\
              'CC: '+ ccto + '\n' +\
              'Bcc: ' + bccto + '\n' +\
              'Subject: ' + subject + '\n' +\
              'Date: ' + email.Utils.formatdate() +'\n' +\
              '\n' +\
              message

  try:
    #mailport.set_debuglevel(1)
    allrecipients = recipients.split(',')
    if not ccto == '':
      allrecipients.extend(ccto.split(',')) 
    if not bccto == '':
      allrecipients.extend(bccto.split(',')) 
    #print allrecipients
    #allrecipients must be list type
    failed = mailport.sendmail(sender, allrecipients, fullmessage)
  except Exception as e:
    sys.stderr.write(repr(e))
    return 0
  finally:
    mailport.quit()
    
  return 1

 

 

 注意：

recipients,ccto,bccto是接收者的邮件地址，多个地址间使用,分割；

message = '', messagefile = ''表示要发送的email的内容，为可选参数，messagefile表示email的内容来自一个文本文件；

mailport.sendmail(sender, recipients, message)中，message中的from/to/bcc等只是用来email的显示，真正的收件人必须通过recipients来传入，recipients必须为收件人的email地址的数组，

 

二 发送html的邮件

import sys
import os.path
import smtplib
import email
from email import encoders
import mimetypes
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.message import Message
from email.mime.audio import MIMEAudio
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

def getMIMEObj(path):
    ctype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(path)
    if ctype is None or encoding is not None:
        # No guess could be made, or the file is encoded (compressed), so
        # use a generic bag-of-bits type.
        ctype = 'application/octet-stream'
    maintype, subtype = ctype.split('/', 1)
    msg = None
    #print maintype 
    #print subtype
    if maintype == 'text':
        fp = open(path)
        # Note: we should handle calculating the charset
        msg = MIMEText(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype, _charset='utf-8')
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'image':
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEImage(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'audio':
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEAudio(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    else:
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEBase(maintype, subtype)
        msg.set_payload(fp.read())
        fp.close()
        # Encode the payload using Base64
        encoders.encode_base64(msg)
    # Set the filename parameter
    msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=os.path.basename(path))
    return msg

  
def sendHtmlMail(mailhost,subject,sender,recipients,ccto = '',bccto = '',htmldir = '', htmlfile = ''):
  try:
    mailport=smtplib.SMTP(mailhost)
  except:
    sys.stderr.write('Unable to connect to SMTP host "' + mailhost \
                      + '"!\nYou can try again later\n')
    return 0
    
  msgroot = MIMEMultipart('related')
  msgroot['From'] = sender
  msgroot['To'] = recipients
  msgroot['Cc'] = ccto
  msgroot['Bcc'] = bccto
  msgroot['Subject'] = subject

  msghtml = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
  msgroot.attach(msghtml)  
  if os.path.exists(os.path.join(htmldir,htmlfile)):
    htmlf = open(os.path.join(htmldir,htmlfile))
    htmlmessage = MIMEText(htmlf.read(),'html','utf-8')
    htmlf.close()
    msghtml.attach(htmlmessage)
    
  for root, subdirs, files in os.walk(htmldir):
    for file in files:
      if file == htmlfile:
        continue
      else:
        msgroot.attach(getMIMEObj(os.path.join(root,file)))
  
  failed = 0
  try:
    #mailport.set_debuglevel(1)
    allrecipients = recipients.split(',')
    if not ccto == '':
      allrecipients.extend(ccto.split(',')) 
    if not bccto == '':
      allrecipients.extend(bccto.split(',')) 
    #print allrecipients
    failed = mailport.sendmail(sender, allrecipients, msgroot.as_string())
    print failed
  except Exception as e:
    sys.stderr.write(repr(e))
  finally:
    mailport.quit()
    
  return failed

 

 

注意：

htmldir参数表示要发送的html文件所在的目录，此目录下仅包含html文件和html文件引用的相关文件，且所有引用的文件必须与html都在同一目录下，不能有子目录；

htmlfile参数表示要显示到email中的html文件；

 

例如：

有html文件如下：

d:\html

|--myhtmlemail.html

|--mylinkedtext.txt

|--myimage.gif

 

且myhtmlemail.html的内容为：

<html>

<body>
<a href="mylinkedtext.txt">message1</a>
<br/>
<h1>This is HTML email sent by python</h1>
<img src="myimage.gif" alt="my message image" />
</body>
</html>

 

则收到的email如下：

 

 

三 使用如下：

mailhost = 'mail-relay.example.com'
sender  = "AAA@example.com"
recipients = "BBB@example.com,EEE@example.com"
ccto = 'CCC@example.com'
bccto = 'DDD@example.com'
subject = "Testing1"
message = "Testing!\nTesting!\n"
messagefile = "mymessage.txt"
htmldir = 'D:\\html'
htmlfile = 'myhtmleamil.html'
         
sendTextMail(mailhost,sender,recipients,ccto,bccto,subject,message,messagefile)
sendHtmlMail(mailhost, subject,sender,recipients,htmldir=htmldir,htmlfile=htmlfile)

 

四 发送带有附件的email

import sys
import os.path
import smtplib
import email  
import mimetypes

from email import encoders
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.message import Message
from email.mime.audio import MIMEAudio
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

def getMIMEObj(path):
    ctype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(path)
    if ctype is None or encoding is not None:
        # No guess could be made, or the file is encoded (compressed), so
        # use a generic bag-of-bits type.
        ctype = 'application/octet-stream'
    maintype, subtype = ctype.split('/', 1)
    msg = None
    #print maintype 
    #print subtype
    if maintype == 'text':
        fp = open(path)
        # Note: we should handle calculating the charset
        msg = MIMEText(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype, _charset='utf-8')
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'image':
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEImage(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'audio':
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEAudio(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    else:
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEBase(maintype, subtype)
        msg.set_payload(fp.read())
        fp.close()
        # Encode the payload using Base64
        encoders.encode_base64(msg)
    # Set the filename parameter
    msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=os.path.basename(path))
    return msg

  
def sendMail(mailhost,subject,sender,recipients,ccto = '',bccto = '',message = '', payloads = ''):
  try:
    mailport=smtplib.SMTP(mailhost)
  except:
    sys.stderr.write('Unable to connect to SMTP host "' + mailhost \
                      + '"!\nYou can try again later\n')
    return 0
    
  msgroot = MIMEMultipart('mixed')
  msgroot['From'] = sender
  msgroot['To'] = recipients
  msgroot['Cc'] = ccto
  msgroot['Bcc'] = bccto
  msgroot['Subject'] = subject

  alternative = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
  msgroot.attach(alternative)  
  mes = MIMEText(message,'plain','utf-8')
  alternative.attach(mes)
    
  for file in payloads.split(','):
      if os.path.isfile(file) and os.path.exists(file):
        msgroot.attach(getMIMEObj(file))
      else:
        sys.stderr.write("The file %s cannot be found" % file)
  
  try:
    #mailport.set_debuglevel(1)
    allrecipients = recipients.split(',')
    if not ccto == '':
      allrecipients.extend(ccto.split(',')) 
    if not bccto == '':
      allrecipients.extend(bccto.split(',')) 
    #print allrecipients
    failed = mailport.sendmail(sender, allrecipients, msgroot.as_string())
    if failed == None:
      sys.stderr.write(failed)
      return 0
  except Exception as e:
    sys.stderr.write(repr(e))
    return 0
  finally:
    mailport.quit()
    
  return 1


mailhost = 'mail-relay.company.com'
sender  = "AAA@Company.com"
recipients = "BBB@company.com"
ccto = 'CCC@company.com'
bccto = 'DDD@company.com'
subject = "Testing1"
message = "Testing!\nTesting!\n"     

sendMail(mailhost,subject,sender,recipients,message = message,payloads = 'c:\\test\\test.ba,C:\\test\s7\\mytable.txt')

 

参考：

http://canofy.javaeye.com/blog/265600

http://docs.python.org/library/email-examples.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/itech/archive/2011/02/18/1958114.html

 

完！