DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(一)--客户端生成文件
DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(一)--客户端生成文件(downmoon)
有一客户需求：
1、要从SQL Server数据库导出并生成Excel ;
2、用户下载对应的Excel并填写上传再导入到SQL server。
费了将近六个小时，故一定要把过程写下来，希望看到此文的朋友少走些不必要的弯路。
首先，想到的是直接导出到客户端，代码如下：
DataSetToExcel
public static void DataSetToExcel(DataSet oDS, HttpResponse Response, string fileName) 
{
if (oDS == null || oDS.Tables[0] == null || oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { return; }
Response.Clear(); //Encoding pageEncode = Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode); HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "gb2312"; //Response.ContentType = "application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; //Response.ContentType = "application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs"); System.IO.StringWriter oSW = new System.IO.StringWriter(); HtmlTextWriter oHW = new HtmlTextWriter(oSW); DataGrid dg = new DataGrid(); dg.DataSource = oDS.Tables[0]; dg.DataBind(); dg.RenderControl(oHW); Response.Write(oSW.ToString()); Response.Flush(); Response.Close();
}这样生成是生成了！ 客户也可以用Excel直接打开并编辑，问题来了！ 上传时出错，仔细看看生成的Excel.xls,
用记事本打开，内容大致如下：
Code<table cellspacing="0" rules="all" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"> <tr> <td>品名</td><td>最高价格</td><td>最低价格</td><td>平均价格</td><td>计量单位</td><td>备注</td> </tr><tr> <td>青菜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>南瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>瓠子</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>冬春笋</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>雪里蕻</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>樱桃萝卜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>佛手瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>白菜鼎</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>蒜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>食用菌</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>黄瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td> </tr></table>原来，就是纯粹的html格式，披了件Excel的外衣。这样用户传上来的文件当然不是标准的Excel格式了！
于是， 想到直接生成xml格式的Excel文档，方法如下 ：
ExportToExcel/**//// <summary> /// 执行导出 /// </summary> /// <param name="ds">要导出的DataSet</param> /// <param name="strExcelFileName">要导出的文件名</param> public static void ExportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName) { System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc; excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName); const string startExcelXML = "<xml version>\r\n<Workbook " + "xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n" + " xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\n " + "xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas- microsoft-com:office:" + "excel\"\r\n xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" + "office:spreadsheet\">\r\n <Styles>\r\n " + "<Style ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\">\r\n " + "<Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Bottom\"/>\r\n <Borders/>" + "\r\n <Font/>\r\n <Interior/>\r\n <NumberFormat/>" + "\r\n <Protection/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " + "<Style ss:ID=\"BoldColumn\">\r\n <Font " + "x:Family=\"Swiss\" ss:Bold=\"1\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " + "<Style ss:ID=\"StringLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat" + " ss:Format=\"@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " + "ss:ID=\"Decimal\">\r\n <NumberFormat " + "ss:Format=\"0.0000\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " + "<Style ss:ID=\"Integer\">\r\n <NumberFormat " + "ss:Format=\"0\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " + "ss:ID=\"DateLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat " + "ss:Format=\"mm/dd/yyyy;@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " + "</Styles>\r\n "; const string endExcelXML = "</Workbook>"; int rowCount = 0; int sheetCount = 1; /**//* <xml version> <Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"> <Styles> <Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal"> <Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/> <Borders/> <Font/> <Interior/> <NumberFormat/> <Protection/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="BoldColumn"> <Font x:Family="Swiss" ss:Bold="1"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="StringLiteral"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="@"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="Decimal"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="0.0000"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="Integer"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="0"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="DateLiteral"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/> </Style> </Styles> <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1"> </Worksheet> </Workbook>
*/ excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML); excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">"); excelDoc.Write("<Table>"); excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); for (int x = 0; x < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; x++) { excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"BoldColumn\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">"); excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); } excelDoc.Write("</Row>"); foreach (DataRow x in source.Tables[0].Rows) { rowCount++; //if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output if (rowCount == 64000) { rowCount = 0; sheetCount++; excelDoc.Write("</Table>"); excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>"); excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">"); excelDoc.Write("<Table>"); } excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + " for (int y = 0; y < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; y++) { System.Type rowType; rowType = x[y].GetType(); switch (rowType.ToString()) { case "System.String": string XMLstring = x[y].ToString(); XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim(); XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&"); XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">"); XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<"); excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" + "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">"); excelDoc.Write(XMLstring); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.DateTime": //Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by //the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000 //The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate //to the format above DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y]; string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() + "-" + (XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) + "-" + (XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) + "T" + (XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) + ":" + (XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) + ":" + (XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" + XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) + ".000"; excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"DateLiteral\">" + "<Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">"); excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.Boolean": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" + "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">"); excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString()); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.Int16": case "System.Int32": case "System.Int64": case "System.Byte": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Integer\">" + "<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">"); excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString()); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.Decimal": case "System.Double": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Decimal\">" + "<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">"); excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString()); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; case "System.DBNull": excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" + "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">"); excelDoc.Write(""); excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>"); break; default: throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled.")); } } excelDoc.Write("</Row>"); } excelDoc.Write("</Table>"); excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>"); excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML); excelDoc.Close(); }可惜， 生成的倒是XML格式了，但还是上传格式不正确，考虑到客户端可能是Excel2007/2003-97等等，决定放弃保存Excel到客户端的方式。
第三种尝试方案：用cvs保存，将第一种方法改为：
ExportToCVS Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel"; Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");生成格式大致如下：
CVS格式"品名","最高价格","最低价格","平均价格","计量单位","备注""青菜","","","","元/公斤","""南瓜","","","","元/公斤","""瓠子","","","","元/公斤","""冬春笋","","","","元/公斤","""雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤","""樱桃萝卜","","","","元/公斤","""佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤","""白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤","""蒜","","","","元/公斤","""食用菌","","","","元/公斤","""黄瓜","","","","元/公斤",""导入到SQL Server时有多种方法：
给出简要代码：
GetDataFromCSV public static DataTable GetDataFromCSV(string filePath,int beginColumn) { int intColCount = 0; bool blnFlag = true; DataTable mydt = new DataTable("myTableName"); DataColumn mydc; DataRow mydr; string strline; string[] aryline; System.IO.StreamReader mysr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); int FlagFirst =1; while ((strline = mysr.ReadLine()) != null) { //if (beginColumn == FlagFirst) { FlagFirst++; continue; } strline = strline.Replace("\n", ""); strline = strline.Replace("\r", ""); strline = strline.Replace("\t", ""); //aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { '|' }); aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { ',' }); if (blnFlag) { blnFlag = false; intColCount = aryline.Length; for (int i = 0; i < aryline.Length; i++) { mydc = new DataColumn(aryline[i]); mydt.Columns.Add(mydc); } } mydr = mydt.NewRow(); for (int i = 0; i < intColCount; i++) { mydr[i] = aryline[i]; } mydt.Rows.Add(mydr); FlagFirst++; } mysr.Close(); mysr.Dispose(); return mydt; }也有人给出方案，直接从cvs中读取
GetDataSetFromCSV public static string PreFilePath=@"c:\Excel\"; public static string strconn = @"Driver={Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;"; public static DataSet GetDataSetFromCSV( string filename) { OdbcConnection objconn = new OdbcConnection(strconn); DataSet dscsv = new DataSet(); try { string strsql = "select * from " + filename; //filename, for example: 1.csv OdbcDataAdapter odbccsvdataadapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(strsql, objconn); odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv); return dscsv; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } }尝试失败！！
Code Project 上有篇文章，
A Fast CSV Reader
也可以试试。
虽然也可以凑合用， 但总觉得CVS出错的可能性更大。
到此，决定放弃客户端生成的方式,请看下篇
