NVelocity 1.1 vs StringTemplate 3.2

拿NVelocity 1.1、StringTemplate 3.2和ASP.NET的ASPX页面做了个性能测试对比，对比结果如下：
    
结果就是，在2台不同的机器上，ASPX:StringTemplate:NVelocity分别为1.00:8.53:1.61和1.00:7.34:1.71，StringTemplate的性能最弱，NVelocity有点接近ASPX的解析效率。测试过程中还发现，几点：
1. 对StringTemplate，不应该连续使用StringTemplateGroup太多次，每一个任务新建一个StringTemplateGroup性能要好很多
2. 之前的某些版本，连续使用同一个StringTemplateGroup对象多次获取模板，存在严重的内存泄漏问题，性能也非常差，3.2版本性能好了很多，也没有出现内存泄漏
3. StringTemplate还有一些bug，例如下面列表测试中的Dictionary、DataTable，在3.2版本下无法读取到值（3.1的版本在列表情况下可以读取到DataTable）
测试用的项目文件: 下载

测试辅助类:

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using Antlr3.ST;
using Commons.Collections;
using NVelocity;
using NVelocity.App;
using NVelocity.Runtime;


public class Contact
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string EMail { get; set; }
    public string Address { get; set; }
    public decimal TotalOrderAmt { get; set; }
    //StringTemplate不支持模板中的比较判断，因此在这里处理
    public bool IsLevel3
    {
        get
        {
            return this.TotalOrderAmt > 1000;
        }
    }
    public bool IsLevel2
    {
        get
        {
            return this.TotalOrderAmt <= 1000 && this.TotalOrderAmt > 200;
        }
    }
    public bool IsLevel1
    {
        get
        {
            return this.TotalOrderAmt <= 200;
        }
    }
}


public class TemplateUtil
{
    private static string ST_ROOT_PATH = string.Empty;
    static TemplateUtil()
    {
        string rootDir = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("./st");
        if (rootDir.EndsWith("\\")) 
            rootDir = rootDir.Substring(0, rootDir.Length - 1);
        ST_ROOT_PATH = rootDir;
    }
    public static void WriteTime(string title, long time)
    {
        HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("< br />" + title);
        long millisecondes = time % 1000;
        long minutes = time / 1000 / 60;
        long seconds = (time - minutes * 60 * 1000) / 1000;
        if (minutes > 0)
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(minutes.ToString() + "m, ");
        if (seconds > 0)
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(seconds.ToString() + "s, ");
        HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(millisecondes.ToString() + "ms");
    }
    public static long NVelocityTest(int loops)
    {
        VelocityEngine engine = new VelocityEngine();
        ExtendedProperties prop = new ExtendedProperties();
        prop.AddProperty(RuntimeConstants.FILE_RESOURCE_LOADER_PATH
            , HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("./"));
        prop.AddProperty(RuntimeConstants.ENCODING_DEFAULT, "utf-8");
        engine.Init(prop);
        Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
        sw.Start();
        for (int i = 0; i < loops; i++)
            NVelocityParse(engine, i, false);
        sw.Stop();
        WriteTime("Total Elapsed Time: ", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
        return sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
    }
    public static void NVelocityParse(VelocityEngine engine, int loop, bool output)
    {
        Template template = engine.GetTemplate("contact-list.vm");
        VelocityContext context = new VelocityContext();
        context.Put("contacts", new List<Contact>()
        {
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Richie Liu", TotalOrderAmt=180,
                EMail="RichieLiu-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="上海徐汇区钦州路" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Kevin Zhang",TotalOrderAmt=0, 
                EMail="KevinZhang-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="苏州新区" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Eric Wong", TotalOrderAmt=626,
                EMail="EricWong-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="厦门海沧" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="RicCC", TotalOrderAmt=2080,
                EMail="RicCC-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="上海徐汇区钦州路" }
        });
        context.Put("qryName", "Ric");
        context.Put("qryAddress", DateTime.Now);
        context.Put("hasMessage", true);
        context.Put("message", "This is a message from the server.");


        context.Put("items1", new string[] { "AAA", "BBB", "CCC" });
        context.Put("items2"
            , new List<DateTime> { new DateTime(1979, 1, 1), new DateTime(2010, 4, 1) });


        IDictionary<string, decimal> dic = new Dictionary<string, decimal>();
        dic.Add("AAA", 111M);
        dic.Add("BBB", 222M);
        dic.Add("CCC", 333M);
        context.Put("items3", dic);


        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Key", typeof(string)));
        table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Value", typeof(int)));
        DataRow row = table.NewRow();
        row["Key"] = "item 1";
        row["Value"] = 111;
        table.Rows.Add(row);
        row = table.NewRow();
        row["Key"] = "item 2";
        row["Value"] = 222;
        table.Rows.Add(row);
        context.Put("items4", table);


        if (!output)
        {
            StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
            template.Merge(context, writer);
            writer.Close();
        }
        else
            template.Merge(context, HttpContext.Current.Response.Output);
    }
    public static long StringTemplateTest(int loops)
    {
        Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
        sw.Start();
        for (int i = 0; i < loops; i++)
            StringTemplateParse(i, false);
        sw.Stop();
        WriteTime("Total Elapsed Time: ", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
        return sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
    }
    public static void StringTemplateParse(int loop, bool output)
    {
        StringTemplateGroup group = new StringTemplateGroup("stperf", ST_ROOT_PATH);


        StringTemplate st = group.LookupTemplate("contact_list");
        st.SetAttribute("contacts", new List<Contact>()
        {
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Richie Liu", TotalOrderAmt=180,
                EMail="RichieLiu-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="上海徐汇区钦州路" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Kevin Zhang",TotalOrderAmt=0, 
                EMail="KevinZhang-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="苏州新区" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Eric Wong", TotalOrderAmt=626,
                EMail="EricWong-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="厦门海沧" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="RicCC", TotalOrderAmt=2080,
                EMail="RicCC-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="上海徐汇区钦州路" }
        });
        st.SetAttribute("qryName", "Ric");
        st.SetAttribute("qryAddress", DateTime.Now);
        st.SetAttribute("hasMessage", true);
        st.SetAttribute("message", "This is a message from the server.");


        st.SetAttribute("items1", new string[] { "AAA", "BBB", "CCC" });
        st.SetAttribute("items2"
            , new List<DateTime> { new DateTime(1979, 1, 1), new DateTime(2010, 4, 1) });


        Dictionary<string, decimal> dic = new Dictionary<string, decimal>();
        dic.Add("AAA", 111M);
        dic.Add("BBB", 222M);
        dic.Add("CCC", 333M);
        st.SetAttribute("items3", dic);


        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Key1", typeof(string)));
        table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Value1", typeof(int)));
        DataRow row = table.NewRow();
        row["Key1"] = "item 1";
        row["Value1"] = 111;
        table.Rows.Add(row);
        row = table.NewRow();
        row["Key1"] = "item 2";
        row["Value1"] = 222;
        table.Rows.Add(row);
        st.SetAttribute("items4", table);


        if (!output) st.ToString();
        else HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(st.ToString());
    }
    public static long ASPXTest(int loops)
    {
        Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
        sw.Start();
        for (int i = 0; i < loops; i++)
            ASPXParse(i);
        sw.Stop();
        WriteTime("Total Elapsed Time: ", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
        return sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
    }
    public static void ASPXParse(int loop)
    {
        StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
        HttpContext.Current.Server.Execute("ASPNET.aspx", writer);
        writer.Close();
    }
}

测试用的页面:

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    this.Response.Write("NVelocity: ");
    List<long> times = new List<long>(5);
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.NVelocityTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.NVelocityTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.NVelocityTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.NVelocityTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.NVelocityTest(10000));
    TemplateUtil.WriteTime("Average Time: ", Convert.ToInt64(times.Average()));


    this.Response.Write("< br />< br />StringTemplate: ");
    times = new List<long>(5);
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.StringTemplateTest(1000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.StringTemplateTest(1000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.StringTemplateTest(1000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.StringTemplateTest(1000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.StringTemplateTest(1000));
    TemplateUtil.WriteTime("Average Time: ", Convert.ToInt64(times.Average()));


    this.Response.Write("< br />< br />ASP.NET: ");
    times = new List<long>(5);
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.ASPXTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.ASPXTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.ASPXTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.ASPXTest(10000));
    times.Add(TemplateUtil.ASPXTest(10000));
    TemplateUtil.WriteTime("Average Time: ", Convert.ToInt64(times.Average()));
}

NVelocity模板contact-list.vm如下:

<div class="query-form">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名:</td>
            <td><input type="text" id="txtQryName" class="text" value="$qryName" /></td>
            <td>地址:</td>
            <td><input type="text" id="txtQryAddress" class="text" value="$qryAddress" /></td>
            <td><input type="button" id="btnQuery" value="查询" /></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>


<h2>Contact List</h2>
<div class="contact-list">
#foreach($c in $contacts)
#beforeall
    <table>
        <tr class="list-header">
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>邮箱</td>
            <td>地址</td>
            <td>会员等级</td>
        </tr>
#odd
        <tr class="list-odd">
#even
        <tr class="list-even">
#each
            <td>$c.set_Name("$c.name - W") $c.get_Name()</td>
            <td><a href="mailto:$c.EMail">$c.EMail</a></td>
            <td>$c.Address</td>
            <td>#if($c.TotalOrderAmt>1000)钻卡会员
    #elseif($c.TotalOrderAmt>200)金卡会员
    #else Standard#end</td>
#after
        </tr>
#afterall
    </table>
#nodata
    No contacts found!
#end
</div>


#if($hasMessage)
#set($msg="$message < br />--this message was append in NVelocity.")
<div class="message">$msg</div>
#end


< br />
<h2>Item List - Array</h2>
<div>
#foreach($item in $items1)
#each
    $item
#between
    ,
#end
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - List</h2>
<div>
#foreach($item in $items2)
#each
    $item.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")
#between
    ,
#end
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - Dictionary</h2>
<div>
#foreach($item in $items3)
#each
{ $item.Key - $item.Value }
#between
,#end
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - DataTable</h2>
<div>
#foreach($item in $items4.Rows)
{ $item.Key - $item.Value }
#between
,
#end
</div>

StringTemplate模板如下:
contact_list.st

<div class="query-form">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名:</td>
            <td><input type="text" id="txtQryName" class="text" value="$qryName$" /></td>
            <td>地址:</td>
            <td><input type="text" id="txtQryAddress" class="text" value="$qryAddress$" /></td>
            <td><input type="button" id="btnQuery" value="查询" /></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>
$!this is a comment!$
<h2>Contact List</h2>
<div class="contact-list">
    <table>
        <tr class="list-header">
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>邮箱</td>
            <td>地址</td>
            <td>会员等级</td>
        </tr>
$contacts:row(class="list-odd"),row(class="list-even")$
    </table>
</div>


$if(hasMessage)$
<div class="message">$message$ - < br />--this message was append in NVelocity.</div>
$endif$


< br />
<h2>Item List - Array</h2>
<div>
$items1:{$attr$};separator=","$
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - List</h2>
<div>
$items2:{$attr$};separator=","$
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - Dictionary</h2>
<div>
$items3:{{ $it$ }};separator=","$
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - DataTable</h2>
<div>
$items4.Rows:{{ $attr$ }};separator=","$
</div>

row.st

        <tr class="$class$">
            <td>$attr.Name$</td>
            <td><a href="mailto:$attr.EMail$">$attr.EMail$</a></td>
            <td>$attr.Address$</td>
            <td>
$if(attr.IsLevel3)$ 钻卡会员 $endif$
$if(attr.IsLevel2)$ 金卡会员 $endif$
$if(attr.IsLevel1)$ Standard $endif$</td>
        </tr>

ASPNET.aspx页面:

<div class="query-form">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名:</td>
            <td><input type="text" id="txtQryName" class="text" value='<%= this.qryName %>' /></td>
            <td>地址:</td>
            <td><input type="text" id="txtQryAddress" class="text" value='<%= this.qryAddress %>' /></td>
            <td><input type="button" id="btnQuery" value="查询" /></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>


<h2>Contact List</h2>
<div class="contact-list">
    <table>
        <tr class="list-header">
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>邮箱</td>
            <td>地址</td>
            <td>会员等级</td>
        </tr>
<%
    for (int i = 0; i < this.contacts.Count; i++)
    {
        if ((i + 1) % 2 == 1)
        {
%>
        <tr class="list-odd">
<%
    }
        else
        {
%>
        <tr class="list-even">
<%
        }
%>
            <td><% this.contacts[i].Name = this.contacts[i].Name + " - W"; %><%= this.contacts[i].Name %></td>
            <td><a href='<%= this.contacts[i].EMail %>'><%= this.contacts[i].EMail %></a></td>
            <td><%= this.contacts[i].Address %></td>
            <td><% if(this.contacts[i].TotalOrderAmt>1000){ %>钻卡会员
    <% }
                   else if (this.contacts[i].TotalOrderAmt > 200)
                   { %>金卡会员
    <%}
                   else { %>Standard<% } %></td>
        </tr>
<%
    }
%>
    </table>
</div>


<% if (this.hasMessage)
   {
       string msg = this.message + "< br />--this message was append in NVelocity.";
   %>
<div class="message"><%= msg %></div>
<%} %>


< br />
<h2>Item List - Array</h2>
<div>
<% foreach(string s in this.items1){ %>
<%= s %>,
<%} %>
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - List</h2>
<div>
<% foreach(DateTime dt in this.items2){ %>
<%= dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") %>,
<%} %>
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - Dictionary</h2>
<div>
<% foreach(System.Collections.Generic.KeyValuePair<string, decimal> kv in this.items3){ %>
{<%= kv.Key %>-<%= kv.Value.ToString() %>},
<%} %>
</div>


< br />
<h2>Item List - DataTable</h2>
<div>
<% foreach(System.Data.DataRow row in this.items4.Rows ){ %>
{<%= row["key"] %>-<%= row["value"]%>},
<%} %>
</div>

ASPNET.aspx.cs:

public string qryName;
public string qryAddress;
public IList<Contact> contacts;
public bool hasMessage;
public string message;
public string[] items1;
public List<DateTime> items2;
public IDictionary<string, decimal> items3;
public DataTable items4;


protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (!IsPostBack)
    {
        this.qryName = "Ric";
        this.qryAddress = DateTime.Now.ToString();
        this.hasMessage = true;
        this.message = "This is a message from the server.";
        this.contacts = new List<Contact>()
        {
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Richie Liu", TotalOrderAmt=180,
                EMail="RichieLiu-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="上海徐汇区钦州路" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Kevin Zhang",TotalOrderAmt=0, 
                EMail="KevinZhang-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="苏州新区" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="Eric Wong", TotalOrderAmt=626,
                EMail="EricWong-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="厦门海沧" },
            new Contact() { 
                Name="RicCC", TotalOrderAmt=2080,
                EMail="RicCC-test@gmail.com", 
                Address="上海徐汇区钦州路" }
        };
        this.items1 = new string[] { "AAA", "BBB", "CCC" };
        this.items2 = new List<DateTime> {
        new DateTime(1979, 1, 1), 
        new DateTime(2010, 4, 1) };
        this.items3 = new Dictionary<string, decimal>();
        this.items3.Add("AAA", 111M);
        this.items3.Add("BBB", 222M);
        this.items3.Add("CCC", 333M);
        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Key", typeof(string)));
        table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Value", typeof(int)));
        DataRow row = table.NewRow();
        row["Key"] = "item 1";
        row["Value"] = 111;
        table.Rows.Add(row);
        row = table.NewRow();
        row["Key"] = "item 2";
        row["Value"] = 222;
        table.Rows.Add(row);
        this.items4 = table;
    }
}