Junit的使用
对计算器进行单元测试
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package com.anllin.junit; public class Calculator { public int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } public int subtract(int a, int b) { return a - b; } public int multiply(int a, int b) { return a * b; } public int devide(int a, int b) throws Exception { if(0 == b) { throw new Exception("can't devide by zero"); } return a / b; } } |
写测试用例的一些最基本的要求。
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package com.anllin.junit; import junit.framework.Assert; import junit.framework.TestCase; /** * * 测试类必须继承于TestCase类 * * 在junit3.8中，测试方法需要满足如下原则： * * 1.public的 * 2.void的 * 3.无方法参数 * 4.方法名称必须以test开头的 */ public class CalculatorTest extends TestCase { private int a; private int b; private Calculator calc; public CalculatorTest(String name) { super(name); } //每个测试用例执行之前执行 @Override protected void setUp() throws Exception { a = 1; b = 2; calc = new Calculator(); } //每个测试用例执行完成之后执行 @Override protected void tearDown() throws Exception { } public void testAdd() { try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } int actual = calc.add(a,b); int expected = 3; Assert.assertEquals(expected,actual); } public void testSubtract() { int actual = calc.subtract(a,b); int expected = -1; Assert.assertEquals(expected,actual); } public void testMultiply() { int actual = calc.multiply(a,b); int expected = 2; Assert.assertEquals(expected,actual); } public void testDevide() { int actual = 0; try { actual = calc.devide(a,b); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); Assert.fail(); } int expected = 0; Assert.assertEquals(expected,actual); } public void testDevideByZero() { Exception tx = null; try { calc.devide(a,0); Assert.fail("test failed"); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class,tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("can't devide by zero",tx.getMessage()); } public static void main(String[] args) { //用控制台输出方式运行测试 junit.textui.TestRunner.run(CalculatorTest.class); junit.awtui.TestRunner.run(CalculatorTest.class); junit.swingui.TestRunner.run(CalculatorTest.class); } } |
对类中私有方法进行单元测试
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package com.anllin.junit; public class Calc2 { @SuppressWarnings("unused") private int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } } |
必须使用反射才能访问私有方法或变量
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package com.anllin.junit; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import junit.framework.Assert; import junit.framework.TestCase; public class Calc2Test extends TestCase { public void testAdd() { try { Calc2 calc = new Calc2(); Class<Calc2> classType =
Calc2.class; Method method =
classType.getDeclaredMethod("add",new Class[]{Integer.TYPE,Integer.TYPE}); method.setAccessible(true); Object result = method.invoke(calc,new Object[]{2,3}); Assert.assertEquals(5,result); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail(); } } } |
测试获取最大整数类
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package com.anllin.junit; public class Largest { public int getLargest(int[] arr) throws Exception { if(null == arr || 0 == arr.length) { throw new Exception("数据不能为空"); } int result = arr[0]; for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++) { if(result < arr[i]) { result= arr[i]; } } return result; } } |
测试用例可能比类方法多，这是正常的，对于各种情况都要考虑到。包括正常的，不正常的。
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Package com.anllin.junit; import junit.framework.Assert; import junit.framework.TestCase; public class LargestTest extends TestCase { private Largest largest; @Override protected void setUp() throws Exception { largest = new Largest(); } public void testGetLargest() { int[] arr = {1,9,-10,-20,23,24}; int result= 0; try { result = largest.getLargest(arr); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } Assert.assertEquals(24,result); } public void testGetLargest2() { Exception tx = null; int[] arr = {}; try { largest.getLargest(arr); Assert.fail("test failed"); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertNotNull(tx); Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class,tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("数据不能为空",tx.getMessage()); } public void testGetLargest3() { Exception tx = null; int[] arr = null; try { largest.getLargest(arr); Assert.fail("test failed"); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertNotNull(tx); Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class,tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("数据不能为空",tx.getMessage()); } } |
对自定义类的方法进行测试
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package com.anllin.junit; public class MyStack { String[] elements; int index; public MyStack() { elements = new String[100]; index = 0; } public void push(String element) throws Exception { if ("".equals(element) || null == element) { throw new Exception("The parameter can't be null"); } if (100 == index) { throw new Exception("out of range to array"); } elements[index++] = element; } public String pop() throws Exception { if (0 == index) { throw new Exception("out of range to array"); } return elements[--index]; } public String top() throws Exception { if (0 == index) { throw new Exception("out of range to array"); } return elements[index - 1]; } public void delete(int n) throws Exception { if (index - n < 0) { throw new Exception("out of range to array"); } index -= n; } } |
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package com.anllin.junit; import junit.framework.Assert; import junit.framework.TestCase; public class MyStackTest extends TestCase { private MyStack stack; @Override protected void setUp() throws Exception { stack = new MyStack(); } public void testPush() { try { stack.push("hello"); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } String result = null; try { result = stack.pop(); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } Assert.assertEquals("hello", result); } public void testPush2() { for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { try { stack.push(i + ""); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } } for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { String result = null; try { result = stack.pop(); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } Assert.assertEquals((99 - i)
+ "", result); } } public void testPush3() { Exception tx = null; try { for (int i = 0; i < 101; i++) { stack.push(i + ""); } Assert.fail(); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertNotNull(tx); Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class, tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("out of range to array", tx.getMessage()); } public void testPop1() { try { stack.push("hello"); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } String result = null; try { result = stack.pop(); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } Assert.assertEquals("hello", result); } public void testPop2() { Exception tx = null; try { stack.pop(); Assert.fail(); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertNotNull(tx); Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class, tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("out of range to array", tx.getMessage()); } public void testPop3() { Exception tx = null; try { stack.push("hello"); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } try { stack.pop(); stack.pop(); Assert.fail(); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertNotNull(tx); Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class, tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("out of range to array", tx.getMessage()); } public void testTop() { try { stack.push("hello"); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } String
result = null; try { result = stack.top(); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("test failed"); } Assert.assertEquals("hello", result); } public void testTop2() { Exception tx = null; try { stack.top(); Assert.fail("test failed"); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertNotNull(tx); Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class, tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("out of range to array", tx.getMessage()); } public void testDelete() { try { for(int i= 0;i<10;i++) { stack.push(i+""); } stack.delete(10); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail(); } } public void testDelete2() { Exception tx = null; try { for(int i= 0;i<10;i++) { stack.push(i+""); } stack.delete(11); Assert.fail("test failed"); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } Assert.assertNotNull(tx); Assert.assertEquals(Exception.class, tx.getClass()); Assert.assertEquals("out of range to array", tx.getMessage()); } } |
对文件删除操作进行单元测试
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package com.anllin.junit; import java.io.File; public class FileTest8 { public static void deleteAll(File file) { if(file.isFile() || 0 == file.list().length) { file.delete(); } else { File[] files = file.listFiles(); for(File f : files) { deleteAll(f); f.delete(); } } } } |
测试前是什么样子，测试后就应该是什么样子，不能因为测试而导致文件的改变
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package com.anllin.junit; import java.io.File; import junit.framework.Assert; import junit.framework.TestCase; public class DeleteAllTest extends TestCase { private File file = null; public void testDeleteAll() { try { file = new File("text.txt"); file.createNewFile(); FileTest8.deleteAll(file); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail(); } boolean isExist = file.exists(); Assert.assertFalse(isExist); } /** *
Diretory tree * *
dir--| * |--f1.txt * |--f2.txt * |--d1 * |--f5.txt * |--d2 * |--f6.txt */ public void testDeleteAll2() { try { file = new File("dir"); file.mkdir(); File file1 = new File(file,"f1.txt"); File file2 = new File(file,"f2.txt"); file1.createNewFile(); file2.createNewFile(); File d1 = new File(file,"d1"); File d2 = new File(file,"d2"); d1.mkdir(); d2.mkdir(); File file5 = new File(d1,"f5.txt"); File file6 = new File(d2,"f6.txt"); file5.createNewFile(); file6.createNewFile(); FileTest8.deleteAll(file); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail(); } Assert.assertNotNull(file); String[] names = file.list(); Assert.assertEquals(0,names.length); file.delete(); } } |
测试套件的使用
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package com.anllin.junit; import junit.extensions.RepeatedTest; import junit.framework.Test; import junit.framework.TestCase; import junit.framework.TestSuite; public class TestAll extends TestCase { public static Test suite() { TestSuite suite = new TestSuite(); suite.addTestSuite(CalculatorTest.class); suite.addTestSuite(DeleteAllTest.class); suite.addTestSuite(Calc2Test.class); suite.addTestSuite(LargestTest.class); suite.addTestSuite(MyStackTest.class); suite.addTest(new RepeatedTest(new CalculatorTest("testSubtract"),20)); return suite; } } |
Junit4.0的使用
对计算器类进行测试
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package com.anllin.junit; import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; import static org.junit.Assert.fail; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test; public class CalculatorTest { private int a; private int b; private Calculator calc; @BeforeClass public static void globalInit() { System.out.println("globalInit invoked"); } @AfterClass public static void globalDestroy() { System.out.println("globalDestroy invoked"); } @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { a = 1; b = 2; calc = new Calculator(); System.out.println("setUp invoked"); } @After public void tearDown() throws Exception { System.out.println("tearDown invoked"); } @Test(timeout=200) public void testAdd() { int actual = calc.add(a,b); int expected = 3; assertEquals(expected,actual); } @Test public void testSubtract() { int actual = calc.subtract(a,b); int expected = -1; assertEquals(expected,actual); } @Test public void testMultiply() { int actual = calc.multiply(a,b); int expected = 2; assertEquals(expected,actual); } @Test public void testDevide() { int actual = 0; try { actual = calc.devide(a,b); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); fail(); } int expected = 0; assertEquals(expected,actual); } @Test public void testDevideByZero() { Exception tx = null; try { calc.devide(a,0); fail("test failed"); } catch (Exception e) { tx = e; } assertEquals(Exception.class,tx.getClass()); assertEquals("can't devide by zero",tx.getMessage()); } @Test(expected=Exception.class) public void testDevideByZero2() throws Exception { calc.devide(a,0); } public static void main(String[] args) { //用控制台输出方式运行测试 //junit.textui.TestRunner.run(CalculatorTest.class); //junit.awtui.TestRunner.run(CalculatorTest.class); } } |
对取最大整数进行测试
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package com.anllin.junit; import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; import static org.junit.Assert.fail; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Ignore; import org.junit.Test; public class LargestTest { private Largest largest; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { largest = new Largest(); } @After public void tearDown() throws Exception { } @Test public void testGetLargest() { int[] arr = { 1, 9, -10, -20, 23, 24 }; int result = 0; try { result = largest.getLargest(arr); } catch (Exception e) { fail("test failed"); } assertEquals(24, result); } @Test(expected
= Exception.class) public void testGetLargest2() throws Exception { largest.getLargest(null); } @Test(expected
= Exception.class) @Ignore("not ready yet")//表示忽略这个方法，测试运行时不会被执行 public void testGetLargest3() throws Exception { largest.getLargest(new int[] {}); } } |
参数化测试
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package com.anllin.junit; import static org.junit.Assert.*; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collection; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.junit.runners.Parameterized; import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters; /** * 参数化测试 * * @author anllin * */ @RunWith(Parameterized.class) public class ParameteredTest { private int expected; private int input1; private int input2; private Calculator calc; @Before public void setUp() { calc = new Calculator(); } @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes" }) @Parameters public static Collection
prepareData() { Object[][] object = { { 3, 1, 2 }, {
-4, -1, -3 }, { 5, 2, 3 }, { 4, -4, 8 } }; return Arrays.asList(object); } public ParameteredTest(int excepted, int input1, int input2) { this.expected = excepted; this.input1 = input1; this.input2 = input2; } @Test public void testAdd() { assertEquals(this.expected, calc.add(input1, input2)); } } |
测试套件的使用
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package com.anllin.junit; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.junit.runners.Suite; //测试套件的使用 @RunWith(Suite.class) @Suite.SuiteClasses({
CalculatorTest.class, LargestTest.class,ParameteredTest.class }) public class TestAll { } |
把另一个测试套件作为这个测试套件的一部分
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package com.anllin.junit; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.junit.runners.Suite; //把另一个测试套件作为这个测试套件的一部分 @RunWith(Suite.class) @Suite.SuiteClasses({
TestAll.class }) public class TestAll2 { } |
