SQL查询-练习题

学生选课系统

设计表关系

创建表和插入数据

/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer

Source Server         : localhost_3306
Source Server Version : 50719
Source Host           : localhost:3306
Source Database       : oldbo

Target Server Type    : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50719
File Encoding         : 65001

Date: 2017-07-26 15:46:16
*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for class
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `class`;
CREATE TABLE `class` (
  `cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `caption` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`cid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of class
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `class` VALUES ('1', '三年二班');
INSERT INTO `class` VALUES ('2', '三年三班');
INSERT INTO `class` VALUES ('3', '一年二班');
INSERT INTO `class` VALUES ('4', '二年九班');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for course
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`;
CREATE TABLE `course` (
  `cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `cname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
  `teacher_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`cid`),
  KEY `fk_course_teacher` (`teacher_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_course_teacher` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`tid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of course
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('1', '生物', '1');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('2', '物理', '2');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('3', '体育', '3');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('4', '美术', '2');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for score
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `score`;
CREATE TABLE `score` (
  `sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `student_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `course_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `num` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`sid`),
  KEY `fk_score_student` (`student_id`),
  KEY `fk_score_course` (`course_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_score_course` FOREIGN KEY (`course_id`) REFERENCES `course` (`cid`),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_score_student` FOREIGN KEY (`student_id`) REFERENCES `student` (`sid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=53 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of score
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('1', '1', '1', '10');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('2', '1', '2', '9');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('5', '1', '4', '66');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('6', '2', '1', '8');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('8', '2', '3', '68');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('9', '2', '4', '99');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('10', '3', '1', '77');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('11', '3', '2', '66');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('12', '3', '3', '87');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('13', '3', '4', '99');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('14', '4', '1', '79');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('15', '4', '2', '11');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('16', '4', '3', '67');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('17', '4', '4', '100');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('18', '5', '1', '79');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('19', '5', '2', '11');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('20', '5', '3', '67');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('21', '5', '4', '100');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('22', '6', '1', '9');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('23', '6', '2', '100');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('24', '6', '3', '67');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('25', '6', '4', '100');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('26', '7', '1', '9');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('27', '7', '2', '100');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('28', '7', '3', '67');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('29', '7', '4', '88');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('30', '8', '1', '9');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('31', '8', '2', '100');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('32', '8', '3', '67');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('33', '8', '4', '88');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('34', '9', '1', '91');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('35', '9', '2', '88');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('36', '9', '3', '67');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('37', '9', '4', '22');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('38', '10', '1', '90');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('39', '10', '2', '77');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('40', '10', '3', '43');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('41', '10', '4', '87');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('42', '11', '1', '90');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('43', '11', '2', '77');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('44', '11', '3', '43');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('45', '11', '4', '87');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('46', '12', '1', '90');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('47', '12', '2', '77');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('48', '12', '3', '43');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('49', '12', '4', '87');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('52', '13', '3', '87');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for student
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
  `class_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `sname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`sid`),
  KEY `fk_class` (`class_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_class` FOREIGN KEY (`class_id`) REFERENCES `class` (`cid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=17 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of student
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('1', '男', '1', '理解');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('2', '女', '1', '钢蛋');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('3', '男', '1', '张三');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('4', '男', '1', '张一');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('5', '女', '1', '张二');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('6', '男', '1', '张四');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('7', '女', '2', '铁锤');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('8', '男', '2', '李三');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('9', '男', '2', '李一');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('10', '女', '2', '李二');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('11', '男', '2', '李四');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('12', '女', '3', '如花');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('13', '男', '3', '刘三');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('14', '男', '3', '刘一');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('15', '女', '3', '刘二');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('16', '男', '3', '刘四');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for teacher
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`;
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
  `tid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `tname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`tid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of teacher
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('1', '张磊老师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('2', '李平老师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('3', '刘海燕老师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('4', '朱云海老师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('5', '李杰老师');
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;

查询条件

1、查询所有的课程的名称以及对应的任课老师姓名

2、查询学生表中男女生各有多少人

3、查询物理成绩等于100的学生的姓名

4、查询平均成绩大于八十分的同学的姓名和平均成绩

5、查询所有学生的学号，姓名，选课数，总成绩

6、 查询姓李老师的个数

7、 查询没有报李平老师课的学生姓名

8、 查询物理课程比生物课程高的学生的学号

9、 查询没有同时选修物理课程和体育课程的学生姓名

10、查询挂科超过两门(包括两门)的学生姓名和班级

11 、查询选修了所有课程的学生姓名

12、查询李平老师教的课程的所有成绩记录
 
13、查询全部学生都选修了的课程号和课程名

14、查询每门课程被选修的次数

15、查询之选修了一门课程的学生姓名和学号

16、查询所有学生考出的成绩并按从高到低排序（成绩去重）

17、查询平均成绩大于85的学生姓名和平均成绩

18、查询生物成绩不及格的学生姓名和对应生物分数

19、查询在所有选修了李平老师课程的学生中，这些课程(李平老师的课程，不是所有课程)平均成绩最高的学生姓名

参考答案

1、SELECT cname,tname FROM course LEFT JOIN teacher on course.teacher_id=teacher.tid

2、SELECT gender 性别 ,COUNT(gender) 人数 from student GROUP BY gender;

3、SELECT sname from student where sid in (SELECT student_id from score LEFT JOIN course 
                  ON  score.course_id=course.cid WHERE num=100 AND course.cname="物理");


4、SELECT sname 姓名,平均成绩 from student RIGHT JOIN
          (SELECT student_id,avg(num) 平均成绩 
          from score  GROUP BY student_id 
          HAVING avg(num)>80) as A
          on student.sid=A.student_id;


5、SELECT  student_id 学号,sname 姓名,COUNT(course_id) 课程数,SUM(num) 总分 FROM score 
                  LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid GROUP BY student_id;

7、SELECT * FROM student 
                    WHERE sid not in 
                   (SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE course_id in
                   (SELECT cid FROM course LEFT JOIN teacher ON teacher.tid=course.teacher_id 
                    WHERE tname like "李平%"))

8、SELECT * FROM

		(SELECT * FROM score LEFT JOIN course 
                ON score.course_id=course.cid WHERE cname="生物") as A

	INNER JOIN

		(SELECT * FROM score LEFT JOIN course 
                ON score.course_id=course.cid WHERE cname="物理") as B

	ON A.student_id=B.student_id

	WHERE a.num<b.num



9、SELECT sname from student 
                 WHERE sid NOT IN (SELECT student_id FROM score LEFT JOIN course 
                 ON score.course_id=course.cid 
                 WHERE cname='体育'  OR cname='物理' 
                 GROUP BY student_id 
                 HAVING COUNT(course_id)>1) ;

10、SELECT sname,gender from student 
                          WHERE sid in (SELECT student_id from score WHERE num<60 
                          GROUP BY student_id 
                          HAVING COUNT(student_id)>1);


11、SELECT sid 学号,sname 姓名 from student 
                WHERE sid in (SELECT student_id FROM score 
                GROUP BY student_id 
                HAVING COUNT(student_id)!= (SELECT COUNT(cid) FROM course))

12、SELECT * FROM score 
                WHERE course_id NOT IN (SELECT cid from teacher INNER JOIN course 
                on teacher.tid=course.teacher_id 
                WHERE teacher.tname LIKE "李平%");


13、SELECT course_id from score 
                GROUP BY course_id 
                HAVING COUNT(course_id)=(SELECT COUNT(sid) FROM student)


14、--  SELECT course_id,COUNT(course_id) from score GROUP BY course_id


       SELECT cname,COUNT(course_id) FROM score LEFT JOIN course 
                        ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY course_id

15、SELECT sid,sname FROM student  
                    WHERE sid in (SELECT student_id from score 
                    GROUP BY student_id 
		    HAVING COUNT(sid)=1);


16、SELECT DISTINCT num FROM score ORDER BY num DESC；

17、SELECT sname from student 
                    WHERE sid in (SELECT student_id FROM score 
                    GROUP BY student_id  
                    HAVING AVG(num)>85)
       注意：用这种方式我们无法查看对应的平均成绩，所以不得不使用连表：
       SELECT sname,AVG(num) FROM student LEFT JOIN score 
                    ON student.sid=score.student_id 
                    GROUP BY student_id HAVING AVG(num)>85;


18、SELECT sname 姓名,num 生物成绩 FROM score 
		         LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid 
		         LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid

		         WHERE score.num<60 AND cname="生物"；


19、 SELECT student_id,avg(num),sname FROM score 
	             LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid
                     WHERE course_id in (SELECT cid FROM course 
                     LEFT JOIN teacher ON teacher.tid=course.teacher_id WHERE tname LIKE "李平%")
                     GROUP BY student_id
	             ORDER BY AVG(num) DESC
	             LIMIT 1