在Wcf中应用ProtoBuf替代默认的序列化器

　　Google的ProtoBuf序列化器性能的牛逼已经有目共睹了，可以把它应用到Socket通讯，队列，Wcf中，身为dotnet程序员一边期待着不久后Grpc对dotnet core的支持更期待着Wcf有一天能在Linux平台上闪瞎所有人。现在简单表述下Wcf中应用ProtoBuf替代默认的序列化器。

准备：

　　首先，新建一套Wcf的解决方案，包含服务，宿主外加两个客户端用来测试调用：

　　Wcf_ProtoBufSample.ClientViaMetaData会通过添加服务引用的方式调用服务，Wcf_ProtoBufSample.ClientViaReference则直接通过对Wcf_ProtoBufSample.Service添加引用来调动服务。

　　分别为每个项目对protobuf-net添加引用： install-package protobuf-net -Version 2.0.0.668（此处现在比较纠结，protobuf-net的最新版本是2.1.0.0，但现在移除了ProtoBuf.ServiceModel，目测是为了兼容dotnet core，估计以后还会再回来的。）

　　接下来在Wcf_ProtoBufSample.Service中简单定义个服务：

 [ServiceContract, ProtoContract]
    public interface IGreeterService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        Reply Get(Request request);
    }
    public class GreeterService : IGreeterService
    {
        public Reply Get(Request request)
        {
            Reply reply = new Reply() { GreetInfo = "你好！" + request.Name + ",恭喜你" + request.Age + "岁了！" };
            return reply;
        }
    }
    [DataContract]
    [ProtoContract]
    public class Request
    {
        [DataMember(Order = 0)]
        [ProtoMember(1)]
        public string Name { set; get; }
        [DataMember(Order = 1)]
        [ProtoMember(2)]
        public int Age { set; get; }
    }
    [DataContract]
    [ProtoContract]
    public class Reply
    {
        [DataMember(Order = 0)]
        [ProtoMember(1)]
        public string GreetInfo { set; get; }
    }

　　代码中对DataMember添加了Order的特性，方便过会用。

配置宿主

　　在宿主中进行配置：

  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="GreeterServiceBehavior" name="Wcf_ProtoBufSample.Service.GreeterService">
        <endpoint
          address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:6978/GreeterService"
          binding="netTcpBinding"
          behaviorConfiguration="protoEndpointBehavior"
          bindingConfiguration="DefaultTcpBinding"
          contract="Wcf_ProtoBufSample.Service.IGreeterService">
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint
          address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:6976/mex"
          binding="mexTcpBinding"
          contract="IMetadataExchange">
        </endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="GreeterServiceBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="protoEndpointBehavior">
          <protobuf/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <extensions>
      <behaviorExtensions>
        <add name="protobuf" type="ProtoBuf.ServiceModel.ProtoBehaviorExtension, protobuf-net, Version=2.0.0.668, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=257b51d87d2e4d67"/>
      </behaviorExtensions>
    </extensions>
    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="DefaultTcpBinding"
            closeTimeout="00:00:30"
            openTimeout="00:00:30"
            receiveTimeout="00:05:00"
            sendTimeout="00:50:00"
            transactionFlow="true"
            transferMode="Buffered"
            listenBacklog="100"
            maxBufferPoolSize="524288"
            maxBufferSize="6553600"
            maxConnections="100"
            maxReceivedMessageSize="6553600"  >
        </binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>
  </system.serviceModel>

共享元数据的方式调用

　　然后在Wcf_ProtoBufSample.ClientViaReference项目中添加对Wcf_ProtoBufSample.Service的引用并配置客户端的调用信息：

  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="DefaultTcpBinding"
            closeTimeout="00:00:30"
            openTimeout="00:00:30"
            receiveTimeout="00:05:00"
            sendTimeout="00:50:00"
            transactionFlow="true"
            transferMode="Buffered"
            listenBacklog="100"
            maxBufferPoolSize="524288"
            maxBufferSize="6553600"
            maxConnections="100"
            maxReceivedMessageSize="6553600"  >
        </binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="protoEndpointBehavior">
          <protobuf/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <extensions>
      <behaviorExtensions>
        <add name="protobuf" type="ProtoBuf.ServiceModel.ProtoBehaviorExtension, protobuf-net, Version=2.0.0.668, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=257b51d87d2e4d67"/>
      </behaviorExtensions>
    </extensions>
    <client>
      <endpoint address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:6978/GreeterService" 
          binding="netTcpBinding"
          bindingConfiguration="DefaultTcpBinding" 
          contract="Wcf_ProtoBufSample.Service.IGreeterService"
          behaviorConfiguration="protoEndpointBehavior"
          name="GreeterService">
      </endpoint>
    </client>
  </system.serviceModel>

　　简单测试一下:

ChannelFactory<IGreeterService> factory = new ChannelFactory<IGreeterService>("GreeterService");
            IGreeterService client = factory.CreateChannel();
            var res = client.Get(new Request() {Name = "liam",Age = 18});
            Console.WriteLine(res.GreetInfo);
            Console.ReadKey();

通过添加服务引用或者WcfUtil

 　　添加服务引用才是我们的最爱，简单快捷，易于维护：

在Wcf_ProtoBufSample.ClientViaMetaData中右键添加服务引用，这里我公开的地址是：net.tcp://127.0.0.1:6976/mex，

　　拿过来直接用肯定是不行的，毕竟我们已经修改了默认的序列化器，所以在配置中添加对ProtoBuf的配置信息，所以还是需要在配置中引用ProtoBuf的配置的：

 <system.serviceModel>
        <bindings>
            <netTcpBinding>
                <binding name="NetTcpBinding_IGreeterService" />
            </netTcpBinding>
        </bindings>
        <client>
            <endpoint address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:6978/GreeterService" 
              behaviorConfiguration="protoEndpointBehavior"
              binding="netTcpBinding"
              bindingConfiguration="NetTcpBinding_IGreeterService" 
              contract="ServiceReference.IGreeterService"
              name="NetTcpBinding_IGreeterService">
                <identity>
                    <userPrincipalName value="DESKTOP-078UA43\admin" />
                </identity>
            </endpoint>
        </client>
        <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="GreeterServiceBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="protoEndpointBehavior">
          <protobuf/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <extensions>
      <behaviorExtensions>
        <add name="protobuf" type="ProtoBuf.ServiceModel.ProtoBehaviorExtension, protobuf-net, Version=2.0.0.668, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=257b51d87d2e4d67"/>
      </behaviorExtensions>
    </extensions>
    </system.serviceModel>

　　简单调用一下进行测试：

GreeterServiceClient client=new GreeterServiceClient("NetTcpBinding_IGreeterService");
            var res = client.Get(new Request() { Name = "liam", Age = 18 });
            Console.WriteLine(res.GreetInfo);

　　运行后发现报错了！

　　细致一些就不难发现，尽管我们的代理类生成的很简单快捷，但公开元数据的描述不会包含ProtoBuf特性的描述，所以此时我们定义的 [DataMember(Order = 0)]的Order属性此时就要发光发热了！接下来要修改的就是生成的代理类，添加ProtoBuf的序列号特性，在类上标注ProtoContract特性在属性上标注ProtoMember的特性，而且可以看着Order的顺序就行标注：

ProtoBuf的序列化是有顺序的，所以为了保证与服务端一致，此处需要谨慎（此处需要注意，更新服务引用小心自己定义的属性被覆盖）

简单测试：

Over!

（备注：貌似这么做比较复杂，毕竟开源的项目还是挺多的：https://github.com/maingi4/ProtoBuf.Services）