Windows Phone 8.1 FilePicker API

在 Windows Phone 8.1 中,增加了 FilePicker 的方式与文件打交道,最大的亮点在于这种方式不仅可以浏览手机上的文件,还可以浏览符合协议的应用里的文件

比如点击 OneDrive 就会打开 OneDrive 应用:


 

(1)FileOpenPicker

FileOpenPicker 也就是选择文件,可以设置打开单选界面或多选界面。

1)实例化 FileOpenPicker 对象,并设置 ContinuationData

private void openFileButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    FileOpenPicker imageOpenPicker = new FileOpenPicker();

    imageOpenPicker.FileTypeFilter.Add(".jpg");
    imageOpenPicker.FileTypeFilter.Add(".png");
    
imageOpenPicker.SuggestedStartLocation = PickerLocationId.PicturesLibrary;
imageOpenPicker.ContinuationData[
"Operate"] = "OpenImage"; imageOpenPicker.PickSingleFileAndContinue(); }

FileOpenPicker 可以设置 FileTypeFilter,方便文件的浏览;还可以设置选择界面的开始目录(SuggestedStartLocation)。

因为在打开选择文件的界面后当前应用会挂起,所以需要 ContinuationData 来记录一些信息,以保证当应用恢复时能够保持之前的信息。

 

2)重写 App.xaml.cs 的 OnActivated 方法

当用户选择了文件之后会返回到之前的应用,这时需要重写 OnActivated 方法让应用跳转到指定页面,并传递用户选择的文件。

protected override void OnActivated(IActivatedEventArgs args)
{
    if( args is FileOpenPickerContinuationEventArgs )
    {
        Frame rootFrame = Window.Current.Content as Frame;

        if( rootFrame == null )
        {
            rootFrame = new Frame();

            rootFrame.CacheSize = 1;

            Window.Current.Content = rootFrame;
        }

        if( rootFrame.Content == null )
        {
            if( rootFrame.ContentTransitions != null )
            {
                this.transitions = new TransitionCollection();
                foreach( var c in rootFrame.ContentTransitions )
                {
                    this.transitions.Add(c);
                }
            }

            rootFrame.ContentTransitions = null;
            rootFrame.Navigated += this.RootFrame_FirstNavigated;

            if( !rootFrame.Navigate(typeof(MainPage)) )
            {
                throw new Exception("Failed to create first page");
            }
        }

        if( !rootFrame.Navigate(typeof(MainPage)) )
        {
            throw new Exception("Failed to create target page");
        }

        MainPage targetPage = rootFrame.Content as MainPage;
        targetPage.FilePickerEventArgs = (FileOpenPickerContinuationEventArgs)args;

        Window.Current.Activate();
    }
}

首先是要判断之前的行为是不是 FileOpenPicker 引起的,然后获取 Frame 并跳转到指定页面,将包含用户选择文件的信息 args 传递到指定页面中。

 

3)添加 FileOpenPickerContinuationEventArgs 属性和 ContinuFileOpenPicker 方法

当应用将 args 传递到页面去后,剩下的就是处理文件了:

private FileOpenPickerContinuationEventArgs filePickerEventArgs;
public FileOpenPickerContinuationEventArgs FilePickerEventArgs
{
    get { return filePickerEventArgs; }
    set
    {
        filePickerEventArgs = value;
        ContinuFileOpenPicker(filePickerEventArgs);
    }
}

private async void ContinuFileOpenPicker(FileOpenPickerContinuationEventArgs args)
{
    if( args.ContinuationData["Operate"] as string == "OpenImage" && args.Files != null && args.Files.Count > 0 )
    {
        StorageFile file = args.Files[0];

        BitmapImage image = new BitmapImage();
        await image.SetSourceAsync(await file.OpenAsync(FileAccessMode.Read));

        myImage.Source = image;
    }
}

 

(2)AccessCache

AccessCache 也就是指对用户选择文件或文件夹的缓存,包括 MostRecentlyUsedList 和 FutureAccessList。

MostRecentlyUsedList 可以保存 25 项,并会根据用户使用情况自动排序,当新的进来后超过 25 项了则会自动将最旧的删除。

FutureAccessList 则可以保存 1000 项,但不会自动排序,需要开发者自行管理。

保存方法:

private async void ContinuFileOpenPicker(FileOpenPickerContinuationEventArgs args)
{
    if( args.ContinuationData["Image"] as string == "OpenImage" && args.Files != null && args.Files.Count > 0 )
    {
        StorageFile file = args.Files[0];

        BitmapImage image = new BitmapImage();
        await image.SetSourceAsync(await file.OpenAsync(FileAccessMode.Read));

        myImage.Source = image;

        StorageApplicationPermissions.MostRecentlyUsedList.Add(file, "20140528");
        StorageApplicationPermissions.FutureAccessList.Add(file, "20140528");
    }
}

读取方法:

private async void NavigationHelper_LoadState(object sender, LoadStateEventArgs e)
{
    var mruList = StorageApplicationPermissions.MostRecentlyUsedList.Entries;
foreach( var item in mruList )
    {
        StorageFile file = await StorageApplicationPermissions.MostRecentlyUsedList.GetFileAsync(item.Token);

        BitmapImage image = new BitmapImage();
        await image.SetSourceAsync(await file.OpenAsync(FileAccessMode.Read));

        Image img = new Image();
        img.Source = image;
        img.Stretch = Stretch.Uniform;
        img.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 10);
        imagesStackPanel.Children.Add(img);
    }
}

开发者可以灵活使用这两个列表,方便用户浏览最近使用过的文件。

 

(3)FileSavePicker

既然有 OpenPicker,自然就有 SavePicker。

FileSavePicker 的使用方法与 FileOpenPicker 非常相似。

1)实例化 FileSavePicker 对象,并设置 ContinuationData

private void saveButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    FileSavePicker imageSavePicker = new FileSavePicker();

    imageSavePicker.SuggestedStartLocation = PickerLocationId.DocumentsLibrary;
    imageSavePicker.SuggestedFileName = "Test";
    imageSavePicker.FileTypeChoices.Add("Txt", new List<string>() { ".txt" });

    imageSavePicker.ContinuationData["Txt"] = "SaveTxt";
    imageSavePicker.PickSaveFileAndContinue();
}

实例化 FileSavePicker 对象后,设置 FileName 和 FileType。

当用户选择了某个文件夹后,系统就会在该文件夹中新建一个该 FileName 和 FileType 的文件,并将该文件放到 FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs 中。

2)重写 App.xaml.cs 的 OnActivated 方法

与 FileOpenPicker 一样,同样需要重写 OnActivated 方法,这次要检查的 args 类型为 FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs:

protected override void OnActivated(IActivatedEventArgs args)
{
    if( args is FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs )
    {
        Frame rootFrame = Window.Current.Content as Frame;

        // 不要在窗口已包含内容时重复应用程序初始化,
        // 只需确保窗口处于活动状态
        if( rootFrame == null )
        {
            // 创建要充当导航上下文的框架,并导航到第一页
            rootFrame = new Frame();

            // TODO: 将此值更改为适合您的应用程序的缓存大小
            rootFrame.CacheSize = 1;

            if( args.PreviousExecutionState == ApplicationExecutionState.Terminated )
            {
                // TODO: 从之前挂起的应用程序加载状态
            }

            // 将框架放在当前窗口中
            Window.Current.Content = rootFrame;
        }

        if( rootFrame.Content == null )
        {
            // 删除用于启动的旋转门导航。
            if( rootFrame.ContentTransitions != null )
            {
                this.transitions = new TransitionCollection();
                foreach( var c in rootFrame.ContentTransitions )
                {
                    this.transitions.Add(c);
                }
            }

            rootFrame.ContentTransitions = null;
            rootFrame.Navigated += this.RootFrame_FirstNavigated;

            // 当导航堆栈尚未还原时,导航到第一页,
            // 并通过将所需信息作为导航参数传入来配置
            // 新页面
            if( !rootFrame.Navigate(typeof(MainPage)) )
            {
                throw new Exception("Failed to create initial page");
            }
        }

        if( !rootFrame.Navigate(typeof(MainPage)) )
        {
            throw new Exception("Failed to create target page");
        }

        MainPage targetPage = rootFrame.Content as MainPage;
        targetPage.SavePickerArgs = (FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs)args;

        // 确保当前窗口处于活动状态
        Window.Current.Activate();
    }
}
OnActivated

 

3)添加 FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs 属性和 ContinuFileSavePicker 方法

最后在 ContinuFileSavePicker 方法中对要保存的文件进行操作:

private FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs savePickerArgs;
public FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs SavePickerArgs
{
    get { return savePickerArgs; }
    set
    {
        savePickerArgs = value;
        ContinuFileSavePicker(savePickerArgs);
    }
}

private async void ContinuFileSavePicker(FileSavePickerContinuationEventArgs args)
{
    if( args.ContinuationData["Txt"] as string == "SaveTxt" && args.File != null )
    {
        StorageFile txt = args.File;
await FileIO.WriteTextAsync(txt, "1224677");
    }
}

 

posted @ 2014-05-28 20:33  消失3003  阅读(1309)  评论(7编辑  收藏  举报