golang学习之go简单博客应用
先说说golang的语法吧，个人觉得有以下特点：
- 简洁，不管是变量、方法声明，还是代码编写，均十分简洁，效率也比较高
- 非纯粹面向对象，但是go的struct类似c的struct，go的结构体还可以进行struct的包含，被包含的struct的方法被外层struct共享
- 指针，方法传参时可以直接传指针，相比传值更加快速
- 接口，go中规定，如果一个对象（struct）实现了interface中的所有方法，那么该struct便实现该接口
- chan的定义，用来各个线程（有人叫协程，超轻量级）间的通信，基本不用考虑死锁等问题
- 默认大写开头的结构体、方法等为public公有，小写开头为private私有
go的特性还有很多，菜鸟就不多说了，下面是一个用go开发的博客应用，功能比较简单，直接上菜：
系统环境
go版本：1.5rc1
系统：win7
数据库：mongodb（使用mgo操作）
web框架：revel
样式：bootstrap
页面效果
博客主页：
新建博客：
联系：
博客详情：
界面差不多就是这样，很简单吧，下节笔记是博客新增部分，慢慢来。。。
Header页
<div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span12"> <div class="page-header"> <h3>基于Golang实现的博客应用iBlog</h3> <h4><small>数据库采用mongodb（mgo）、页面样式使用bootstrap（布局参考csdn）、整体实现采用Revel，Revel地址：<a href="http://revel.github.io/docs/godoc/index.html" target="_blank">http://revel.github.io/docs/godoc/index.html</a></small></h4> <h4><small>时间：2015.12.23</small></h4> </div> <div class="navbar navbar-inverse" style="margin-top:1px;"> <div class="navbar-inner"> <div class="container-fluid"> <a class="btn btn-navbar" data-target=".navbar-responsive-collapse" data-toggle="collapse"></a> <a class="brand" href="#">iBlog</a> <div class="nav-collapse collapse navbar-responsive-collapse"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="{{.home}}"> <a href="/">主页</a> </li> <li class="{{.blog}}"> <a href="/blog">新博客</a> </li> <li class="{{.contact}}"> <a href="javascript:contact()">联系</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Footer页
<script type="text/javascript"> function contact(){ jQuery.dialog({ title: '关于我', content: '姓名：caiya928' + '<br/>' + '地址：陕西-西安' + '<br/>' + '博客：<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/caiya928" target="_blank">http://www.cnblogs.com/caiya928</a>' }); } </script>
项目结构
首页页面实现
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> {{set . "title" "iBlog博客"}} {{set . "home" "active" }} <title>{{.title}}</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/public/img/favicon.png"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/css/header.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/jquery-confirm.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/public/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/jquery-confirm.js"></script> </head> <body> {{template "header.html" .}} <div class="container-fluid" style="margin-top:0px;"> <div class="row-fluid" style="margin-left:0px;margin-top:0px;"> <div class="span12" margin-top="200px;"> {{if .blogs}} {{range $blog := .blogs}} <div style="margin-left:0px;" class="span12"> <ul class="thumbnails"> <li > <div class="caption" > <h3><a style="color:#000" href="/bloginfo/{{$blog.Id_}}/{{$blog.ReadCnt}}">{{$blog.GetTitle }}</a></h3> <span class="label label-default">作者：{{$blog.Author}}</span> <span class="label label-info">日期：{{$blog.CDate.Format "2006-01-02 15:04"}}</span> <span class="label label-success">阅读：{{$blog.ReadCnt}}</span> <p>{{$blog.GetContent}}</p> </div> </li> </ul> </div> {{end}} {{end}} </div> {{template "footer.html" .}} </body> </html>
控制器层配置
# Routes # This file defines all application routes (Higher priority routes first) # ~~~~ module:testrunner GET / App.Index GET /blog App.Blog GET /bloginfo/:id/:rcnt App.BlogInfo POST /save WBlog.Save POST /saveComment Comment.SaveComment # Ignore favicon requests GET /favicon.ico 404 # Map static resources from the /app/public folder to the /public path GET /public/*filepath Static.Serve("public") # Catch all * /:controller/:action :controller.:action
页面跳转控制层App.go
package controllers import ( "github.com/revel/revel" "myapp/app/modules" ) type App struct { *revel.Controller } func (c App) Index() revel.Result { dao, err := modules.Conn() if err != nil { c.Response.Status = 500 return c.RenderError(err) } defer dao.Close() blogs := dao.FindBlogs() return c.Render(blogs) } func (c App) Blog() revel.Result { return c.Render() } func (c App) BlogInfo(id string, rcnt int) revel.Result { dao, err := modules.Conn() if err != nil { c.Response.Status = 500 return c.RenderError(err) } defer dao.Close() blog := dao.GetBlogFromId(id) if blog.ReadCnt == rcnt { blog.ReadCnt = rcnt + 1 dao.UpdateBlogById(id, blog) } comments := dao.GetCommentsFromBlogId(blog.Id_) blog.CommentCnt = len(comments) dao.UpdateBlogById(id, blog) return c.Render(blog, rcnt, comments) }
数据库Dao层
package modules import ( "gopkg.in/mgo.v2" ) const ( CommentCollection = "comment" DbName = "blog" UserCollection = "user" BlogCollection = "blog" MessageCollection = "message" ) type Dao struct { session *mgo.Session } func Conn() (*Dao, error) { session, err := mgo.Dial("localhost") if err != nil { return nil, err } return &Dao{session}, nil } func (dao *Dao) Close() { dao.session.Close() }
新增博客页面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> {{set . "title" "新博客"}} {{set . "blog" "active"}} <title>{{.title}}</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/public/img/favicon.png"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/css/header.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/jquery-confirm.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/public/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/jquery-confirm.js"></script> </head> <body> {{template "header.html" .}} <div class="container-fluid" style="margin-top:0px;"> <div class="row-fluid" style="margin-left:5px;margin-top:0px;"> <div class="row-fluid" style="margin-left:5px;margin:0px auto;border:0px;"> <div class="span12" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;"> <form action="/save" method="post"> <div class="form-group"> <h4>标题</h4> {{with $field := field "blog.Title" .}} <input type="text" id="{{$field.Id}}" style="width:40%" class="form-control" name="{{$field.Name}}" placeholder="请输入您的博客标题" value="{{$field.Flash}}" > <span class="help-inline erro">{{$field.Error}}</span> {{end}} </div> <div class="form-group"> <h4>内容</h4> {{with $field := field "blog.Content" .}} <textarea class="form-control" id="{{$field.Id}}" name="{{$field.Name}}" rows="6" style="width:60%" placeholder="请输入您的博客内容">{{$field.Flash}}</textarea> <span class="help-inline erro">{{$field.Error}}</span> {{end}} </div> <div class="form-group" style="margin-left:57%"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">提交</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html> {{template "footer.html" .}}
博客模型层
package modules import ( "github.com/revel/revel" "gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson" "time" ) type Blog struct { Id_ string `bson:"_id"` CDate time.Time Title string Content string ReadCnt int Year int Author string CommentCnt int } //新建博客 func (dao *Dao) CreateBlog(blog *Blog) error { BlogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection) blog.CDate = time.Now() blog.Year = blog.CDate.Year() blog.ReadCnt = 0 blog.CDate = time.Now() blog.Id_ = bson.NewObjectId().Hex() blog.Author = "匿名" blog.Year = blog.CDate.Year() err := BlogCollection.Insert(blog) //先根据Id查找，然后更新或插入 if err != nil { revel.WARN.Printf("Unable to save blog:%v error % v", blog, err) } return err } //获取Title func (blog *Blog) GetTitle() string { if len(blog.Title) > 100 { return blog.Title[:100] } return blog.Title } //获取Content func (blog *Blog) GetContent() string { if len(blog.Content) > 500 { return blog.Content[:500] } return blog.Content } //查询所有博客 func (dao *Dao) FindBlogs() []Blog { BlogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection) blogs := []Blog{} query := BlogCollection.Find(bson.M{}).Sort("-cdate").Limit(50) //结果根据cdate倒序 query.All(&blogs) return blogs } //前台数据提交校验 func (blog *Blog) Validate(v *revel.Validation) { v.Check(blog.Title, revel.Required{}, revel.MinSize{1}, revel.MaxSize{200}) v.Check(blog.Content, revel.Required{}, revel.MinSize{1}) } //根据id查询Blog对象 func (dao *Dao) GetBlogFromId(id string) *Blog { BlogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection) blog := new(Blog) query := BlogCollection.Find(bson.M{"_id": id}) query.One(blog) return blog } func (dao *Dao) UpdateBlogById(id string, blog *Blog) { blogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection) err := blogCollection.Update(bson.M{"_id": id}, blog) if err != nil { revel.WARN.Printf("Unable to update blog: %v error %v", blog, err) } }
博客Action层
package controllers import ( "fmt" "github.com/revel/revel" "myapp/app/modules" "strings" ) type WBlog struct { App //结构体包含 } func (c WBlog) Save(blog *modules.Blog) revel.Result { blog.Title = strings.TrimSpace(blog.Title) blog.Content = strings.TrimSpace(blog.Content) blog.Validate(c.Validation) if c.Validation.HasErrors() { c.Validation.Keep() c.FlashParams() fmt.Println(c.Validation) return c.Redirect(App.Blog) } dao, err := modules.Conn() if err != nil { c.Response.Status = 500 return c.RenderError(err) } defer dao.Close() err = dao.CreateBlog(blog) if err != nil { c.Response.Status = 500 return c.RenderError(err) } return c.Redirect(App.Index) }
博客详情页
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> {{set . "title" "博客详情"}} {{set . "home" "active" }} <title>{{.title}}</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/public/img/favicon.png"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/css/header.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/jquery-confirm.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/public/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/jquery-confirm.js"></script> </head> <body> {{template "header.html" .}} <div style="margin-left:5px;" class="span12"> {{if .blog}} <div class="content" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;"> <ul class="thumbnails"> <li> <div class="caption" > <h3>{{.blog.Title}}</h3> <span class="label label-default">作者：{{.blog.Author}}</span> <span class="label label-info">日期：{{.blog.CDate.Format "2006-01-02 15:04"}}</span> <span class="label label-success">阅读：{{.blog.ReadCnt}}</span> </div> </li> </ul> <p>{{.blog.Content}}</p> </div> <div class="comment" style="margin-top:20px;"> {{if .comments}} <div class="comments" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;"> <h4>回复</h4> <hr> <dl class="the-comments"> {{range $index,$comment := .comments}} <dd > <span class="label label-default pull-right">#{{pls $index 1}}</span> <div class="user-info" style="margin-top:15px;"> <a href="#"><strong>{{$comment.Email}}</strong></a> <span style="margin-left:10px;" class="label label-default">日期：{{$comment.CDate.Format "2006-01-02 15:04" }}</span> </div> <div class="user-comment" style="margin-top:15px;"> <p>{{$comment.Content}}</p> </div> </dd> {{end}} </dl> </div> {{end}} </div> <div class="comments" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;margin-top:20px;"> <div class="comment-form"> <form action="/saveComment" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{.blog.Id_}}"> <input type="hidden" name="rcnt" value="{{.rcnt}}"> <div class="form-group"> <h4>邮箱</h4> {{with $field := field "comment.Email" .}} <input style="width:50%" type="email" class="form-control" id="{{$field.Id}}" name="{{$field.Name}}" placeholder="请输入您的联系方式" required value="{{if $field.Flash}}{{$field.Flash}}{{else}}{{$field.Value}}{{end}}"> <span class="help-inline erro">{{$field.Error}}</span> {{end}} </div> <div class="form-group"> <h4>评论</h4> {{with $field := field "comment.Content" .}} <textarea style="width:70%" class="form-control" id="{{$field.Id}}" name="{{$field.Name}}" rows="6" placeholder="请输入您的回复" required >{{if $field.Flash}}{{$field.Flash}}{{else}}{{$field.Value}}{{end}}</textarea> {{end}} </div> <div class="form-group"> <button type="submit" style="margin-left:66.5%" class="btn btn-success">提交</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> {{end}} {{template "footer.html" .}} </body> </html>
评论功能Dao层
package modules import ( "github.com/revel/revel" "gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson" "time" ) type Comment struct { Id_ string `bson:"_id"` BlogId string Email string CDate time.Time Content string } func (comment *Comment) Validate(v *revel.Validation) { v.Check(comment.Email, revel.Required{}, revel.MaxSize{50}) v.Check(comment.Content, revel.Required{}, revel.MinSize{1}, revel.MaxSize{200}) } func (dao *Dao) InsertComment(comment *Comment) error { commentCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(CommentCollection) comment.CDate = time.Now() err := commentCollection.Insert(comment) if err != nil { revel.WARN.Printf("Unable to save Comment: %v error %v", comment, err) } return err } func (dao *Dao) GetCommentsFromBlogId(id string) []Comment { commentCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(CommentCollection) comments := []Comment{} query := commentCollection.Find(bson.M{"blogid": id}).Sort("CDate") query.All(&comments) return comments }
评论功能Action层
package controllers import ( "github.com/revel/revel" "gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson" "myapp/app/modules" "strings" ) type Comment struct { App } //保存评论 func (c Comment) SaveComment(id string, rcnt int, comment *modules.Comment) revel.Result { if len(id) == 0 { return c.Redirect("/") } dao, err := modules.Conn() if err != nil { //如果报错 c.Response.Status = 500 return c.Redirect("/") } defer dao.Close() blog := dao.GetBlogFromId(id) if blog == nil { return c.Redirect("/") } comment.Id_ = bson.NewObjectId().Hex() comment.BlogId = blog.Id_ comment.Content = strings.TrimSpace(comment.Content) comment.Email = strings.TrimSpace(comment.Email) comment.Validate(c.Validation) if c.Validation.HasErrors() { c.Validation.Keep() c.FlashParams() c.Flash.Error("Errs:The email and the content should not be null,or the maxsize of email is 50.") return c.Redirect("/bloginfo/%s/%d", id, rcnt) } err = dao.InsertComment(comment) if err != nil { c.Response.Status = 500 return c.RenderError(err) } blog.CommentCnt++ dao.UpdateBlogById(id, blog) return c.Redirect("/") }
init.go初始化加载文件
package app import "github.com/revel/revel" func init() { revel.TemplateFuncs["pls"] = func(a, b int) int { return a + b } // Filters is the default set of global filters. revel.Filters = []revel.Filter{ revel.PanicFilter, // Recover from panics and display an error page instead. revel.RouterFilter, // Use the routing table to select the right Action revel.FilterConfiguringFilter, // A hook for adding or removing per-Action filters. revel.ParamsFilter, // Parse parameters into Controller.Params. revel.SessionFilter, // Restore and write the session cookie. revel.FlashFilter, // Restore and write the flash cookie. revel.ValidationFilter, // Restore kept validation errors and save new ones from cookie. revel.I18nFilter, // Resolve the requested language HeaderFilter, // Add some security based headers revel.InterceptorFilter, // Run interceptors around the action. revel.CompressFilter, // Compress the result. revel.ActionInvoker, // Invoke the action. } // register startup functions with OnAppStart // ( order dependent ) // revel.OnAppStart(InitDB) // revel.OnAppStart(FillCache) } // TODO turn this into revel.HeaderFilter // should probably also have a filter for CSRF // not sure if it can go in the same filter or not var HeaderFilter = func(c *revel.Controller, fc []revel.Filter) { // Add some common security headers c.Response.Out.Header().Add("X-Frame-Options", "SAMEORIGIN") c.Response.Out.Header().Add("X-XSS-Protection", "1; mode=block") c.Response.Out.Header().Add("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff") fc[0](c, fc[1:]) // Execute the next filter stage. }
footer.css样式
.mbox dl dd{ margin-top:4px; }
header.css
.page-header{ margin-top:2px; margin-bottom:15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee; } body{ line-height:30px; font-size: 16px; padding:5px; margin:5px; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; */ } li { line-height: 30px; } .navbar .nav > li > a { float: none; padding: 15px 30px; color: #777; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: 0 0px 0 #ffffff; } .nav{ margin:0px; } .span12{ padding:0 5px; } .brand{ padding:0; margin-top:5px; font-size:10px; } .container-fluid{ padding:1px; } .form-search{ margin-top:11px; }
好了，完整的代码就是这样，初学就当练习用的，发现bug还望直接指出。。。
作者：程序员小波与Bug
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