概要
本文介绍如何将 Microsoft Excel 工作表嵌入 SDI MFC 应用程序中的 View 对象。
本文包含嵌入工作表和向单元格 A1 添加文本的分步骤说明，并包含解释每个步骤的注释。
尽管可以将本文中的示例代码直接拿到您的应用程序中，但只有阅读和理解了文中的示例才会使您真正获益。
更多信息
下面是创建 MFC 应用程序的步骤：
| 1. |
使用应用程序向导新建一个名为“Embed_Excel”的 MFC 应用程序向导 (EXE) 项目。 |
| 2. |
选择“单文档”作为要创建的应用程序类型，并选择“容器”作为要包括的复合文档支持类型。接受所有其他默认设置。
将生成下面几个类：
Application：Embed_Excel.h 和 Embed_Excel.cpp 中的 CEmbed_ExcelApp
Frame：MainFrm.h 和 MainFrm.cpp 中的 CMainFrame
Document：Embed_ExcelDoc.h 和 Embed_ExcelDoc.cpp 中的 CEmbed_ExcelDoc
View：Embed_ExcelView.h 和 Embed_ExcelView.cpp 中的 CEmbed_ExcelView
Container Item：CntrItem.h 和 CntrItem.cpp 中的 CEmbed_ExcelCntrItem |
| 3. |
在视图菜单上，单击类向导。单击自动化选项卡，单击添加类，并选择从类型库。找到 Microsoft Excel 类型库，然后将类型库中的所有类都添加到您的项目中。对于 Excel 97，类型库位于 Excel8.olb。对于 Excel 2000，类型库位于 Excel9.olb；对于 Excel 2002，类型库位于 Excel.exe。 |
| 4. |
将下面一行代码添加到 CntrItem.h：
LPDISPATCH GetIDispatch();
|
| 5. |
然后将 GetIDispatch 方法添加到 CntrItem.cpp：
Sample Code
-----------
/*******************************************************************
* This method returns the IDispatch* for the application linked to
* this container.
********************************************************************/
LPDISPATCH CEmbed_ExcelCntrItem::GetIDispatch()
{
//The this and m_lpObject pointers must be valid for this function
//to work correctly. The m_lpObject is the IUnknown pointer to
// this object.
ASSERT_VALID(this);
ASSERT(m_lpObject != NULL);
LPUNKNOWN lpUnk = m_lpObject;
//The embedded application must be running in order for the rest
//of the function to work.
Run();
//QI for the IOleLink interface of m_lpObject.
LPOLELINK lpOleLink = NULL;
if (m_lpObject->QueryInterface(IID_IOleLink,
(LPVOID FAR*)&lpOleLink) == NOERROR)
{
ASSERT(lpOleLink != NULL);
lpUnk = NULL;
//Retrieve the IUnknown interface to the linked application.
if (lpOleLink->GetBoundSource(&lpUnk) != NOERROR)
{
TRACE0("Warning: Link is not connected!\n");
lpOleLink->Release();
return NULL;
}
ASSERT(lpUnk != NULL);
}
//QI for the IDispatch interface of the linked application.
LPDISPATCH lpDispatch = NULL;
if (lpUnk->QueryInterface(IID_IDispatch, (LPVOID FAR*)&lpDispatch)
!=NOERROR)
{
TRACE0("Warning: does not support IDispatch!\n");
return NULL;
}
//After assuring ourselves it is valid, return the IDispatch
//interface to the caller.
ASSERT(lpDispatch != NULL);
return lpDispatch;
}
|
| 6. |
将下面一行代码添加到 Embed_ExcelView.h：
void EmbedAutomateExcel();
|
| 7. |
然后将 EmbedAutomateExcel 方法添加到 Embed_ExcelView.cpp：
Sample Code
-----------
/********************************************************************
* This method encapsulates the process of embedding an Excel
* Worksheet in a View object and automating that worksheet to add
* some text to cell A1.
********************************************************************/
void CEmbed_ExcelView::EmbedAutomateExcel()
{
//Change the cursor so the user knows something exciting is going
//on.
BeginWaitCursor();
CEmbed_ExcelCntrItem* pItem = NULL;
TRY
{
//Get the document associated with this view, and be sure it's
//valid.
CEmbed_ExcelDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
//Create a new item associated with this document, and be sure
//it's valid.
pItem = new CEmbed_ExcelCntrItem(pDoc);
ASSERT_VALID(pItem);
// Get Class ID for Excel sheet.
// This is used in creation.
CLSID clsid;
if(FAILED(::CLSIDFromProgID(L"Excel.sheet",&clsid)))
//Any exception will do. We just need to break out of the
//TRY statement.
AfxThrowMemoryException();
// Create the Excel embedded item.
if(!pItem->CreateNewItem(clsid))
//Any exception will do. We just need to break out of the
//TRY statement.
AfxThrowMemoryException();
//Make sure the new CContainerItem is valid.
ASSERT_VALID(pItem);
// Launch the server to edit the item.
pItem->DoVerb(OLEIVERB_SHOW, this);
// As an arbitrary user interface design, this sets the
// selection to the last item inserted.
m_pSelection = pItem; // set selection to last inserted item
pDoc->UpdateAllViews(NULL);
//Query for the dispatch pointer for the embedded object. In
//this case, this is the Excel worksheet.
LPDISPATCH lpDisp;
lpDisp = pItem->GetIDispatch();
//Add text in cell A1 of the embedded Excel sheet
_Workbook wb;
Worksheets wsSet;
_Worksheet ws;
Range range;
_Application app;
//set _Workbook wb to use lpDisp, the IDispatch* of the
//actual workbook.
wb.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
//Then get the worksheet's application.
app = wb.GetApplication();
//Then get the first worksheet in the workbook
wsSet = wb.GetWorksheets();
ws = wsSet.GetItem(COleVariant((short)1));
//From there, get a Range object corresponding to cell A1.
range = ws.GetRange(COleVariant("A1"), COleVariant("A1"));
//Fill A1 with the string "Hello, World!"
range.SetValue(COleVariant("Hello, World!"));
//NOTE: If you are automating Excel 2002, the Range.SetValue method has an
//additional optional parameter specifying the data type. Because the
//parameter is optional, existing code will still work correctly, but new
//code should use the new convention. The call for Excel2002 should look
//like the following:
//range.SetValue( ColeVariant( (long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR ),
// COleVariant("Hello, World!"));
}
//Here, we need to do clean up if something went wrong.
CATCH(CException, e)
{
if (pItem != NULL)
{
ASSERT_VALID(pItem);
pItem->Delete();
}
AfxMessageBox(IDP_FAILED_TO_CREATE);
}
END_CATCH
//Set the cursor back to normal so the user knows exciting stuff
//is no longer happening.
EndWaitCursor();
}
|
| 8. |
将下面一行代码添加到 Embed_ExcelView.h：
#include "excel8.h"
注意：如果要自动化 Excel 2000，头文件应为“excel9.h”。如果要自动化 Excel 2002，头文件应为“excel.h”。 |
| 9. |
看一下 View 类的 OnInsertObject() 方法。您会注意到一件非常有趣的事：这个方法与我们刚刚编写的方法惊人地相似。事实上，我们编写的代码只是 OnInsertObject() 的一个特例，它允许用户从可用的 OLE 对象列表中选择插入应用程序的对象。由于我们的目的只是自动化 Excel 工作表，因此覆盖了这一行为。在我们的应用程序中，从 InsertObject() 内部删除了所有代码，并代之以对 EmbedAutomateExcel() 的调用。 |
| 10. |
编译并运行应用程序。 |
| 11. |
在编辑菜单上，单击插入新对象。结果：Microsoft Excel 工作表被嵌入到 View 对象中；另外，通过自动化，在单元格 A1 的内容中填入了“Hello, World!” |
这篇文章中的信息适用于:
| • |
Microsoft Excel 2000 标准版 |
| • |
Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 专业版 |
| • |
Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 专业版 |
| • |
Microsoft Foundation Class Library 4.2 |
| • |
Microsoft Office XP Developer Edition |
| • |
Microsoft Office 2000 Developer Edition |
| • |
Microsoft Excel 2002 标准版 |
| • |
Microsoft Excel 97 标准版 |
