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几款网络测试工具总结

2017-12-23 11:15  潇湘隐者  阅读(65838)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

几款网络测试工具总结

 

 ping命令以前是一个很好用并且常用的网络测试工具,它是基于ICMP协议,但是出于网络安全等因素,大部分网络环境以及云环境可能都会禁止ICMP协议,所以在工作中,我们必须掌握一些其他比较流行的网络测试工具,下面分别介绍tcppingtcpingpspinghpingpaping等几款网络测试工具。

 

关于ICMP概念:

 

ICMP是(Internet Control Message ProtocolInternet控制报文协议。它是TCP/IP协议族的一个子协议,用于在IP主机、路由器之间传递控制消息。控制消息是指网络通不通、主机是否可达、路由是否可用等网络本身的消息。这些控制消息虽然并不传输用户数据,但是对于用户数据的传递起着重要的作用。

 

 

 

tcpping介绍

 

 

tcpping工具工作在 TCP 层,通过发送伪造的 TCP SYN 包并侦听来自服务器或中间设备返回的 SYN/ACK RST 。代码100多行,源代码在此链接http://www.vdberg.org/~richard/tcppingtcpping需要调用tcptraceroute。打印与ping近乎相同测试结果,目前版本为V1.7tcping的介绍参考链接http://www.vdberg.org/~richard/tcpping.html,这个是Richard van den Berg2002年编写的,作者当时需要测量TCP往返时间。所以写了这个脚本。tcpping只支持Linux。不支持Windows平台。

 

 

tcpping安装

 

1:tcpping脚本依赖tcptraceroute组件,所以必须先安装tcptraceroute

 

    #yum install tcptraceroute

 

2:下载tcpping文件

 

 wget http://www.vdberg.org/~richard/tcpping

 

3:将tcpping文件移动到/usr/bin下并授权。

 

# mv tcpping /usr/bin/

# cd /usr/bin

# chmod 755 tcpping

 

 

tcpping测试

 

tcpping帮助信息。

 

# tcpping

tcpping v1.7 Richard van den Berg <richard@vdberg.org>

 

Usage: tcpping [-d] [-c] [-C] [-w sec] [-q num] [-x count] ipaddress [port]

 

        -d   print timestamp before every result          

        -c   print a columned result line

        -C   print in the same format as fping's -C option

        -w   wait time in seconds (defaults to 3)

        -r   repeat every n seconds (defaults to 1)

        -x   repeat n times (defaults to unlimited)

 

See also: man tcptraceroute

 

参数

参数描述

-d

在每个结果输出前打印时间戳

-c

将结果输出在一列。

-C

输出与fping-C选项相同的打印格式

-w

wait time in seconds (defaults to 3)

-r

-r n :n秒重复一次(默认为1

-x

重复n次(默认为无限制)

 

 

clip_image001[4]

 

clip_image002[4]

 

 

 

tcping介绍

 

tcping也是通过tcp端口工作,tcping还能监听某个端口的状态,注意tcpingtcpping是不同的两款工具,另外tcping也有很多版本。如下所示:

 

来自 kirchner 源代码的 TCPing

 

来自 Eli Fulkerson 源代码的 TCPing

 

 

 

tcping安装

 

Windows平台:

 

   https://www.elifulkerson.com/projects/tcping.php下载该工具后。放到C:\Windows\System32目录下即可。无需安装。

 

Linux平台:

 

    linux平台较多,安装方式也较多,当然最简单的莫过于yum安装。测试感觉Linux下的这款工具功能过于简单。

 

    yum install tcping

 

 

 

tcping测试

 

Eli Fulkerson写的Windows下的tcping功能十分强大。参数多到不想去总结,实在是太多了,如果不清楚,每次使用的时候查看帮助文档即可。

 

 

C:\Users>tcping www.aliyun.com

 

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.444ms

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.574ms

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.965ms

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=4.074ms

 

Ping statistics for 140.205.172.20:80

     4 probes sent.

     4 successful, 0 failed.

Approximate trip times in milli-seconds:

     Minimum = 2.444ms, Maximum = 4.074ms, Average = 3.014ms

 

C:\Users>tcping www.aliyun.com 80

 

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.731ms

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.126ms

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.916ms

Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.609ms

 

Ping statistics for 140.205.172.20:80

     4 probes sent.

     4 successful, 0 failed.

Approximate trip times in milli-seconds:

     Minimum = 2.126ms, Maximum = 2.916ms, Average = 2.595ms

 

C:\Users>

 

Linux

 

Linux下的tcping命令功能非常简单,如下所示,感觉没有tcppingWindows下的tcping功能强大。

 

Usage: tcping [-q] [-t timeout_sec] [-u timeout_usec] <host> <port>

 

 

[root@DB-Server ~]# tcping  192.168.27.57 1433

192.168.27.57 port 1433 open.

 

 

 

PsPing介绍

 

 

 

下面是官方文档以及Azure官方文档关于PsPing的介绍资料,这些介绍已经全面的阐述了PsPing这款工具:

 

 

PsPing implements Ping functionality, TCP ping, latency and bandwidth measurement. Use the following command-line options to show the usage for each test type:

 

通常,我们测试数据包能否通过IP协议到达特定主机时,都习惯使用 ping 命令。工作时用ping向目标主机发送一个 IMCP Echo 请求的数据包,并等待接收 Echo 响应数据包,通过响应时间和成功响应的次数来估算丢包率和网络时延。但是在 Azure ICMP包无法通过防火墙和负载均衡器,所以不能直接使用 ping 来测试 Azure 中的虚拟机和服务的连通性(VPN Express Route 通道中的流量不经过负载均衡器,所以只要链路上的防火墙允许 ICMP 包传递,ping 依然可用)。

 

为了在 Azure 中进行连通性测试,例如测试 RDPSSH 端口可用性,或者 HTTPHTTPS 服务稳定性,甚至测试从 Azure 向外部服务的连接,我们都推荐使用 PsPing PaPingPsPing 是微软 PSTools 工具套件中的其中一个命令。除了ICMP ping 测试,它主要用来测试 TCP 端口的连通性,还可以测试 TCP/UDP 网络时延和带宽。不过, PsPing 只能在 Windows 中运行。如果您需要在 Linux 中发起 TCP 端口连通性和网路时延的测试,可以使用 PaPing PaPing 是一个跨平台的开源工具。它的功能相对 PsPing 而言更简单,只支持 TCP 端口的相关测试,不支持 UDP 端口的测试。

 

 

PsPing安装

 

 

PSTool工具包可以从微软官方网址下载:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sysinternals/downloads/psping 。 解压PSTools.zip包后,将psping.exe拷贝到C:\Windows\System32下,那么你在cmd命令窗口的任意目录都可以使用PsPing命令了。当然你也可以单独将 psping.exe 命令解压出来放在任意路径,然后从命令提示符来运行。只是这样就需要在运行命令前转换到psping.exe所在的路径。

 

 

 

PsPing参数

 

 

 

psping帮助信息查看,如下所示psping四个主要功能的帮助命令,四个功能分别是ICMP PingTCP Ping、延迟测试、带宽测试。

 

 

clip_image003[4]

 

 

 

C:\Users>psping -? i

 

PsPing v2.01 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility

Copyright (C) 2012-2014 Mark Russinovich

Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

 

ICMP ping usage: psping [[-6]|[-4]] [-h [buckets|<val1>,<val2>,...]] [-i <inter

al>] [-l <requestsize>[k|m] [-q] [-t|-n <count>] [-w <count>] <destination>

  -h    Print histogram (default bucket count is 20).

        If you specify a single argument, it's interpreted as a bucket

        count and the histogram will contain that number of

        buckets covering the entire time range of values.

        Specify a comma-separated list of times to create a custom

        histogram (e.g. "0.01,0.05,1,5,10").

  -i    Interval in seconds. Specify 0 for fast ping.

  -l    Request size. Append 'k' for kilobytes and 'm' for megabytes.

  -n    Number of pings or append 's' to specify seconds e.g. '10s'.

  -q    Don't output during pings.

  -t    Ping until stopped with Ctrl+C and type Ctrl+Break

        for statistics.

  -w    Warmup with the specified number of iterations (default is 1).

  -4    Force using IPv4.

  -6    Force using IPv6.

 

For high-speed ping tests use -q and -i 0.

 

 

 

参数

参数说明

-h

输出直方图(默认步长数量为20

-i

指定ping包的间隔秒数,快ping则设置为0

-l

指定ping包大小,默认单位是byte。使用 k为单位代表kilobytes(KB),使用m为单位代表megabytes(MB)

-n

指定测试次数。还可以指定测试的时间长度,以秒为单位,使用时在数字后加上 s,例如“10s”

-q

测试过程中不输出结果,结束后显示统计结果;

-t

类似于 ICMP 的长 ping 测试,直到按下 Ctrl+C 停止测试,并显示统计结果;

-w

热身次数,默认为 1 次;

-4

强制使用 IPv4

-6

强制使用 IPv6

  

 

 

clip_image004[4]

 

 

延迟测试多了参数-r,-u,-f

 

C:\Users>psping -? l

 

PsPing v2.10 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility

Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Mark Russinovich

Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

 

TCP and UDP latency usage:

server: psping [-6|-4] [-f] -s address:port

client: psping -l requestsize[k|m] -n count[s] [-r] [-u] [-w count] [-f] [-h [b

ckets|val1,val2,...]] [-6|-4] destination:port

  -l    Request size. Append 'k' for kilobytes and 'm' for megabytes.

  -n    Number of sends/receives. Append 's' to specify seconds e.g. '10s'.

  -r    Receive from the server instead of sending.

  -u    UDP (default is TCP).

  -w    Warmup with the specified number of iterations (default is 5).

  -f    Open source firewall port during the run.

  -h    Print histogram (default bucket count is 20).

        If you specify a single argument, it's interpreted as a bucket

        count and the histogram will contain that number of

        buckets covering the entire time range of values.

        Specify a comma-separated list of times to create a custom

        histogram (e.g. "0.01,0.05,1,5,10").

  -4    Force using IPv4.

  -6    Force using IPv6.

  -s    Server listening address and port.

 

The server can serve both latency and bandwidth tests and remains active until

you terminate it with Control-C.

 

 

参数

参数说明

-f

Open source firewall port during the run.

 

-u

使用UDP ping(默认是TCP

-h

输出直方图(默认步长数量为20

-r

从服务器接收代替发送。

-i

指定ping包的间隔秒数,快ping则设置为0

-l

指定ping包大小,默认单位是byte。使用 k为单位代表kilobytes(KB),使用m为单位代表megabytes(MB)

-n

指定测试次数。还可以指定测试的时间长度,以秒为单位,使用时在数字后加上 s,例如“10s”

-q

测试过程中不输出结果,结束后显示统计结果;

-t

类似于 ICMP 的长 ping 测试,直到按下 Ctrl+C 停止测试,并显示统计结果;

-w

热身次数,默认为 5 次;

-4

强制使用 IPv4

-6

强制使用 IPv6

-s

服务器监听地址和端口

 

 

 

 

 

C:\Users>psping -? b

 

PsPing v2.10 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility

Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Mark Russinovich

Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

 

TCP and UDP bandwidth usage:

server: psping [-6|-4] [-f] -s address:port

client: psping -b -l requestsize[k|m] -n count[s] [-r] [-u [target]] [-i outstan

ding] [-w count] [-f] [-h [buckets|val1,val2,...]] [-6|-4] destination:port

  -b    Bandwidth test.

  -l    Request size. Append 'k' for kilobytes and 'm' for megabytes.

  -n    Number of sends/receives. Append 's' to specify seconds e.g. '10s'.

  -r    Receive from the server instead of sending.

  -u    UDP (default is TCP). Specify target bandwidth in MB/s.

  -i    Number of outstanding I/Os (default is min of 16 and 2x CPU cores).

  -w    Warmup for the specified iterations (default is 2x CPU cores).

  -f    Open source firewall port during the run.

  -h    Print histogram (default bucket count is 20).

        If you specify a single argument, it's interpreted as a bucket

        count and the histogram will contain that number of

        buckets covering the entire time range of values.

        Specify a comma-separated list of times to create a custom

        histogram (e.g. "0.01,0.05,1,5,10").

  -4    Force using IPv4.

  -6    Force using IPv6.

  -s    Server listening address and port.

 

The server can serve both latency and bandwidth tests and remains active until

you terminate it with Control-C.

 

带宽测试多了-b-i两个参数。如下所示:

 

-b 带宽测试

-i 未完成的I/O数量

 

 

 

PsPing测试案例

 

 

 

例子1,例如我要检查服务器的1433端口是否开放

 

clip_image005[4]

 

 

例子2:网络时延测试

 

C:\Users>psping -n 6 -w 2 -h xxxxxx.database.chinacloudapi.cn:1433

 

PsPing v2.10 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility

Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Mark Russinovich

Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

 

TCP connect to 139.219.130.35:1433:

8 iterations (warmup 2) ping test:

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433 (warmup): from 192.168.103.21:57851: 36.10ms

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433 (warmup): from 192.168.103.21:57852: 36.32ms

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57853: 40.33ms

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57854: 34.71ms

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57855: 35.60ms

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57856: 35.74ms

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57858: 40.21ms

Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57859: 39.50ms

 

TCP connect statistics for 139.xxx.130.xxx:1433:

  Sent = 6, Received = 6, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

  Minimum = 34.71ms, Maximum = 40.33ms, Average = 37.68ms

 

Latency Count

34.71   1

35.01   0

35.30   0

35.60   2

35.89   0

36.19   0

36.49   0

36.78   0

37.08   0

37.37   0

37.67   0

37.96   0

38.26   0

38.56   0

38.85   0

39.15   0

39.44   1

39.74   0

40.03   1

40.33   1

 

 

例子3:网络带宽测试

 

clip_image006[4]

 

 

 

paping安装测试

 

 

 

paping的下载地址如下,它分WindowsLinux版本。

 

https://code.google.com/archive/p/paping/downloads

 

tar -xvf paping_1.5.5_x86-64_linux.tar.gz

 

解压到任意目录,就可以直接执行。另外paping命令对比psping命令,功能更简单、单一。它只有简单的4个参数。

 

 

 

-p, --port N    指定被测试服务的 TCP 端口(必须);

--nocolor   屏蔽彩色输出;

-t, --timeout   指定超时时长,单位为毫秒,默认值为 1000

-c, --count N   指定测试次数。

 

[root@DB-Server tmp]# ./paping -?

paping v1.5.5 - Copyright (c) 2011 Mike Lovell

 

Syntax: paping [options] destination

 

Options:

 -?, --help     display usage

 -p, --port N   set TCP port N (required)

     --nocolor  Disable color output

 -t, --timeout  timeout in milliseconds (default 1000)

 -c, --count N  set number of checks to N

 

[root@DB-Server tmp]# ./paping --nocolor -p 80 -c 10 www.azure.cn

paping v1.5.5 - Copyright (c) 2011 Mike Lovell

 

Connecting to 1stcncloud.dtwscachev290.ourwebcdn.com [27.155.71.36] on TCP 80:

 

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.39ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.33ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.73ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.48ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.49ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.39ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.37ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.35ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.47ms protocol=TCP port=80

Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.52ms protocol=TCP port=80

 

Connection statistics:

        Attempted = 10, Connected = 10, Failed = 0 (0.00%)

Approximate connection times:

        Minimum = 0.33ms, Maximum = 0.73ms, Average = 0.45ms

 

 

 

Hping介绍

 

Hping是一个命令行下使用的TCP/IP数据包组装/分析工具,其命令模式很像Unix下的ping命令,但是它不仅能发送ICMP回应请求,它还可以支持TCPUDPICMPRAW-IP协议,它有一个路由跟踪模式,能够在两个相互包含的通道之间传送文件。Hping常被用于检测网络和主机,其功能非常强大,可在多种操作系统下运行,如LinuxFreeBSDNetBSDOpenBSDSolarisMacOs XWindows 目前最新的版本为hping3

 

Hping的主要功能有: 

  1、防火墙测试 

  2、高级端口扫描

  3、网络检测,可以用不同的协议、服务类型(TOS)、IP分片 

  4、手工探测MTU 最大传输单元) 路径

  5、先进的路由跟踪,支持所有的协议 

  6、远程操作系统探测 

  7、远程的运行时间探测 

  8TCP/IP堆栈审计 

 

Hping的官方网址为http://www.hping.org/,开发者为是Salvatore Sanfilippo,官方介绍资料如下:

 

   hping is a command-line oriented TCP/IP packet assembler/analyzer. The interface is inspired to the ping(8) unix command, but hping isn't only able to send ICMP echo requests. It supports TCP, UDP, ICMP and RAW-IP protocols, has a traceroute mode, the ability to send files between a covered channel, and many other features.

 

While hping was mainly used as a security tool in the past, it can be used in many ways by people that don't care about security to test networks and hosts. A subset of the stuff you can do using hping:

·         Firewall testing

·         Advanced port scanning

·         Network testing, using different protocols, TOS, fragmentation

·         Manual path MTU discovery

·         Advanced traceroute, under all the supported protocols

·         Remote OS fingerprinting

·         Remote uptime guessing

·         TCP/IP stacks auditing

·         hping can also be useful to students that are learning TCP/IP.

Hping works on the following unix-like systems: Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, MacOs X, Windows.

 

 

 

Hping安装

 

Hping这个项目在GitHub上,https://github.com/antirez/hping,可以直接从这里下载安装。另外如果yum源有安装程序,使用yum安装最方便、快捷。

 

yum install hping3

 

 

下面是官方文档的源码安装,不过源码安装需要依赖一些组件,想必yum安装麻烦很多:

 

Linux

-----

 

please, follows this steps:

 

$ ./configure (first try ./configure --help)

$ vi Makefile (optional)

$ make

$ su

# make install

 

FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD

------------------------

 

You will need the libpcap and the gmake utility installed on your system.

 

$ ./configure

$ gmake

$ su (or calife)

# gmake install

 

 

 

Hping测试

 

 

查看hping的帮助信息:

 

 

[root@DB-Server ~]# hping3 --help  #或者hping --help

 

 

下面表格整理了部分参数信息,更多参数信息可以参考帮助文档或http://man.linuxde.net/hping 

 

 

 

参数

参数说明

-h  --help

显示帮助信息

-v  --version

显示版本信息

-c  --count

指定发送包的次数

-i  --interval

--fast

--faster

    --flood

发送间隔时间(单位是毫秒) 缺省时间是1,此功能在增加传输率上很重要,idle/spoofing扫描时此功能也会被用到,你可以参考hping-howto获得更多信息

-fast 每秒发10数据包,与-i m100等同。表示间隔10毫秒发送一个数据包

--faster 每秒发送100个数据包

--flood  以最快的速度发送数据包。不显示答复

-n  --numeric

指定以数字形式输出

-q  --quiet

安静模式 只输出开始结束信息

-I  --interface

interface name 无非就是eth0之类的网卡参数

-V  --verbose

显示更多信息

-D  --debug

进入DEBUG模式

-z  --bind

快捷键的使用 

-Z  --unbind

消除快捷键

…………….

…………………..

 

 

 

clip_image007[4]

 

 

 

 

#hping3  -S 192.168.27.57 -p 1433

HPING 192.168.27.57 (eth0 192.168.27.57): S set, 40 headers + 0 data bytes

len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=0 win=5840 rtt=31.4 ms

len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=1 win=5840 rtt=23.5 ms

len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=118 DF id=10907 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=2 win=8192 rtt=20.4 ms

len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=118 DF id=10908 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=3 win=8192 rtt=15.6 ms

len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=4 win=5840 rtt=15.5 ms

len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=5 win=5840 rtt=14.1 ms

len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=6 win=5840 rtt=14.4 ms

^C

--- 192.168.27.57 hping statistic ---

7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 14.1/19.3/31.4 ms

 

 

个人感觉Hping是功能最强大的一款工具,可以测试防火墙功能、端口扫描、Idle扫描、拒绝服务攻击、木马功能,这篇hping3命令已经详细介绍了,而且有些测试不方便展示在此。在此略过细节。另外,工具再好,也需要可以掌握、驾驭工具的人。

 

 

 

参考资料:

 

 

https://docs.azure.cn/zh-cn/articles/azure-operations-guide/virtual-network/aog-virtual-network-tcp-psping-paping-connectivity

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/psping

https://www.cmsky.com/tcping/

http://zhjwpku.com/2016/12/17/tcpping-hping-mtr.html

https://www.slashroot.in/what-tcp-ping-and-how-it-usedyouy

http://tookdes.org/geek/archives/tcping-intro.html

http://man.linuxde.net/hping3