[转]报表使用经验、技巧大总结

原文：http://www.blogjava.net/JAVA-HE/archive/2007/05/08/115813.html

一、利用基本的TABLE元素

——自己的创意之作

可以参考我先前的一篇关于TABLE制作柱状图的blog：

http://www.blogjava.net/JAVA-HE/archive/2007/04/20/112352.html

如果只是需要在页面上现实一些柱状图，那么这种方式是非常简单和实用的。核心原理利用HTML的基本元素——table。绘制table，不显示其边框，不显示其间距，然后利用获得的数据，使用JS控制哪行哪列用什么颜色。

如：

document.getElementById('tab').rows[0].cells[0].bgColor = 'red';

二、立体感的柱状图

——这是在网上陶下来的漂亮代码

<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
2

<!--[if !mso]>
4

<style>
6

v\:* { behavior: url(#default#VML) }
8

o\:* { behavior: url(#default#VML) }
10

.shape { behavior: url(#default#VML) }
12

</style>
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<![endif]-->
16

<HEAD>
18

<TITLE>柱状图形报表样列</TITLE>
20

//addPole 增加一个柱状图
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//left 与窗口左边的距离
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//width 宽度
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//height 高度
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//zindex 层高度
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//fillcolor 主色
34

//color 渐变色
36

//type 默认为竖,1为横
38

function addPole(left,top,width,height,zindex,fillcolor,color,type)

{
40

top=top-height;
42

var a="";
44

if(type==1)

{
46

a="angle='-90' focus='100%'";
48

}
50

var html="<v:rect style='position:absolute;";
52

html=html+"left:"+left+"px;";
54

html=html+"top:"+top+"px;";
56

html=html+"width:"+width+"px;";
58

html=html+"height:"+height+"px;";
60

html=html+"z-index:"+zindex+"'";
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html=html+"fillcolor='"+fillcolor+"'>";
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html=html+"<v:fill color2='"+color+"'";
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html=html+" rotate='t' "+a+" type='gradient'/><o:extrusion v:ext='view' backdepth='20pt' ";
68

html=html+"color='"+fillcolor+"' on='t'/></v:rect>";
70

document.write(html);
72

}
74

//left 与窗口左边的距离
78

//width 宽度
80

//height 高度
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//zindex 立体高度
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//fillcolor 主色
86

function addBackground(left,top,width,height,zindex,fillcolor)

{
88

top=top-height;
90

var html="<v:rect style='position:absolute;left:"+left+"px;";
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html=html+"top:"+top+"px;";
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html=html+"width:"+width+"px;";
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html=html+"height:"+height+"px;";
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html=html+"z-index:"+zindex+"'";
100

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html=html+"fillcolor='"+fillcolor+"'";
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html=html+" stroked='f'><v:fill rotate='t' angle='-45' focus='100%' type='gradient'/></v:rect>";
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document.write(html);
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}
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function addLine(zindex,from,to,color)

{
112

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var html="<v:line style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;top:0;flip:y;z-index:"+zindex+"'";
114

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html=html+" from='"+from+"' to='"+to+"' strokecolor='"+color+"'/>"
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document.write(html);
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119

}
120

121

122

123

function addText(left,top,width,height,zindex,value,fontsize)

{
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top=top-height;
126

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var html="<v:shape style='position:absolute;left:"+left+"px;";
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html=html+"top:"+top+"px;";
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html=html+"width:"+width+"px;";
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html=html+"height:"+height+"px;";
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html=html+"z-index:"+zindex+"'>";
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html=html+"<v:textbox inset='0px,0px,0px,0px'><table cellspacing='3' cellpadding='0' width='100%' height='100%'><tr><td";
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html=html+" style='FONT-SIZE:"+fontsize+"' align='center'>"+value+"</td></tr></table></v:textbox></v:shape>";
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document.write(html);
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}
144

145

146

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function addGround(left,top,width,height,zindex,fillcolor,linecolor1,linecolor2,offset,level,min,leftoffset,textwidth,textheight,fontsize)

{
148

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addBackground(left,top,width,height,zindex,fillcolor);
150

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addLine(zindex,left+"px,"+top+"px",((left-0)+(width-0))+"px,"+top+"px",linecolor1);
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addLine(zindex,left+"px,"+top+"px",left+"px,"+(top-height)+"px",linecolor1);
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addLine(zindex,((left-0)+(offset-0))+"px,"+(top-offset)+"px",((left-0)+(width-0))+"px,"+(top-offset)+"px",linecolor2);
156

157

addLine(zindex,((left-0)+(offset-0))+"px,"+(top-offset)+"px",((left-0)+(offset-0))+"px,"+(top-height)+"px",linecolor2);
158

159

addLine(zindex,left+"px,"+(top-offset)+"px",((left-0)+(offset-0))+"px,"+top+"px",linecolor2);
160

161

for(var i=1;i<level;i++)

{
162

163

addLine(zindex,left+"px,"+(top-offset-(height*i)/level)+"px",((left-0)+(offset-0))+"px,"+(top-(height*i)/level)+"px",linecolor2);
164

165

addLine(zindex,(left-leftoffset)+"px,"+(top-(height*i)/level)+"px",left+"px,"+(top-(height*i)/level)+"px",linecolor1);
166

167

addText(left-textwidth,(top-(height*i)/level)+(textheight-0)+2,textwidth,textheight,"-1",i*min,fontsize)
168

169

addLine(zindex,((left-0)+(offset-0))+"px,"+(top-offset-(height*i)/level)+"px",((left-0)+(width-0))+"px,"+(top-offset-(height*i)/level)+"px",linecolor2);
170

171

}
172

173

addLine(zindex,(left-leftoffset)+"px,"+(top-(height*level)/level)+"px",left+"px,"+(top-(height*level)/level)+"px",linecolor1);
174

175

addText(left-textwidth,(top-(height*level)/level)+(textheight-0)+2,textwidth,textheight,"-1",level*min,fontsize)
176

177

}
178

179

180

181

function addEPole(left,top,width,height,zindex,fillcolor,color,textwidth,textheight,value1,value2,fontsize)

{
182

183

addText(left-textwidth/2+width/2,top-height-10,textwidth,textheight,zindex,value1,fontsize);
184

185

addText(left-textwidth/2+width/2,(top-0)+(textheight-0),textwidth,textheight,zindex,value2,fontsize);
186

187

addPole(left,top,width,height,zindex,fillcolor,color)
188

189

}
190

191

</SCRIPT>
192

193

</HEAD>
194

195

196

197

<BODY>
198

199

<div>
200

201

202

203

<!--
204

205

206

207

addEPole("180","400","30","150","1","#3300FF","#66FFFF","80","18","300","1月份","9pt");
208

209

addEPole("230","400","30","300","1","#FF0000","#99FFFF","80","18","600","2月份","9pt");
210

211

addEPole("280","400","30","200","1","#33CC00","#99FFFF","80","18","400","3月份","9pt");
212

213

addEPole("330","400","30","100","1","#FF0099","#99FFFF","80","18","200","4月份","9pt");
214

215

addEPole("380","400","30","50","1","#660000","#99FFFF","80","18","100","5月份","9pt");
216

217

addEPole("430","400","30","20","1","#FFFF00","#99FFFF","80","18","40","6月份","9pt");
218

219

addEPole("480","400","30","180","1","#330066","#99FFFF","80","18","360","7月份","9pt");
220

221

addEPole("530","400","30","120","1","#CC6633","#99FFFF","80","18","240","8月份","9pt");
222

223

addEPole("580","400","30","80","1","#9933FF","#99FFFF","80","18","160","9月份","9pt");
224

225

addGround("160","400","460","300","-1","#33CCFF","#000000","#6699CC","10","6","100","20","40","18","9pt")
226

227

//-->
228

229

</SCRIPT>
230

231

</div>
232

233

</body>
234

235

</html>
236

效果图如下：

是不是很漂亮呢？我是觉得很漂亮。

其中方法调用，想知道每个参数的详细信息，你可以自己试：

addEPole("580","400","30","80","1","#9933FF","#99FFFF","80","18","160","9月份","9pt");

参数含义包括上边距离，左边距，以及高宽，以及XY上的内容。以及颜色，柱体的宽度等等信息。

addGround("160","400","460","300","-1","#33CCFF","#000000","#6699CC","10","6","100","20","40","18","9pt")

定义了范围大小以及6个刻度，每个100，还包括字体大小，刻度线颜色，以及内部线条颜色，以及渐变色等等含义。

三、JFreechart使用

注意生成图都自动存在临时文件夹里的。

总结过上手资料文章：

http://www.blogjava.net/JAVA-HE/archive/2007/04/18/111439.html

但是朋友反映总结得过于粗浅。

这里写详细点：

1. 柱状图

DefaultCategoryDataset dataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset ();
2

dataset.addValue (300, "广州", "苹果");
4

dataset.addValue (200, "广州", "梨子");
6

dataset.addValue (600, "广州", "葡萄");
8

dataset.addValue (340, "广州", "芒果");
10

dataset.addValue (280, "广州", "荔枝");
12

JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createBarChart3D ("水果销量统计图","水果","销量",
14

dataset,PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, //选择水平或者垂直放
16

false,//是否显示颜色类别（地区）提示
18

false,
20

false);
22

String filename = ServletUtilities.saveChartAsPNG (chart, 500, 300, null, session);
24

String graphURL = request.getContextPath () + "/servlet/DisplayChart?filename=" + filename;
26

2. 饼图

DefaultPieDataset data = new DefaultPieDataset();
2

data.setValue("六月", 500);
4

data.setValue("七月", 580);
6

data.setValue("八月", 828);
8

PiePlot plot = new PiePlot(data);
10

JFreeChart chart = new JFreeChart("", JFreeChart.DEFAULT_TITLE_FONT, plot, true);
12

chart.setBackgroundPaint(java.awt.Color.white); //可选，设置图片背景色
14

chart.setTitle("Welcome to Jfreechart !"); //可选，设置图片标题
16

ChartRenderingInfo info = new ChartRenderingInfo(new StandardEntityCollection());
18

//500是图片长度，300是图片高度
20

String filename = ServletUtilities.saveChartAsPNG(chart, 500, 300, info, session);
22

String graphURL = request.getContextPath() + "/servlet/DisplayChart?filename=" + filename;
24

在插入图片的地方：
28

<img src="<%= graphURL %>" width=500 height=300 border=0 usemap="#<%= filename %>">
30

在xml中加入了：
34

<servlet>
36

<servlet-name>DisplayChart</servlet-name>
38

<servlet-class>org.jfree.chart.servlet.DisplayChart</servlet-class>
40

</servlet>
42

<servlet-mapping>
44

<servlet-name>DisplayChart</servlet-name>
46

<url-pattern>/servlet/DisplayChart</url-pattern>
48

</servlet-mapping>
50

图片效果，请访问：http://www.blogjava.net/JAVA-HE/archive/2007/04/18/111439.html
52

还可以如下创建 dataset对象：
54

double[][] data = new double[][]

{

{672, 766, 223, 540, 126},

{325, 521, 210, 340, 106},

{332, 256, 523, 240, 526} };
56

String[] rowKeys =

{"苹果","梨子","葡萄"};
58

String[] columnKeys =

{"北京","上海","广州","成都","深圳"};
60

CategoryDataset dataset = DatasetUtilities.createCategoryDataset(rowKeys, columnKeys, data);
62

效果：

参照网上介绍的一些文章总是发现不能向我的这么顺利，不是说他们的有错。我想版本不一样了。区别肯定是有的。

实际上建立什么样的图表，ChartFactory可以选择不同方法建立不同图表的。

比如直接讲原来一个柱状图，中改了一个方法，图就变了。

如：

JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createLineChart ("水果销量统计图","水果","销量",
2

dataset,PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,//选择水平或者垂直放
4

true,//广州或者成都，这里颜色有区别的。（颜色类别）
6

true,
8

true);
10

对比两幅图。只是方法名字不同。

再来个3D的:（createLineChart3D方法）

而作为createAreaChart建立的面积比例图：

需要注意点的是，数据先后对图像效果是有影响的。因为有覆盖存在。

补充一个让大家都晕的，我居然一直一位JFreechart 和CEWOLG是一个东西。所以总在那里找标签。还以为我下载的版本不同，所以那些东西都找不到呢！

四、结合cewolf使用

实际上大量应用的是线图：

经典应用，无非是读取数据库，然后根据数据库中的值来生成线图。

生成线图的JSP：

<%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
4

<%@page import="java.sql.*"%>
6

<%@page import="java.util.*"%>
8

<%@page import="de.laures.cewolf.*"%>
10

<%@page import="de.laures.cewolf.tooltips.*"%>
12

<%@page import="de.laures.cewolf.links.*"%>
14

<%@page import="org.jfree.data.*"%>
16

<%@page import="org.jfree.data.time.*"%>
18

<%@page import="org.jfree.data.gantt.*"%>
20

<%@page import="org.jfree.chart.*"%>
22

<%@page import="org.jfree.chart.plot.*"%>
24

<%@page import="org.jfree.data.category.*"%>
26

<%@page import="org.jfree.data.general.*"%>
28

<%@page import="org.jfree.data.xy.*"%>
30

<%@page import="java.awt.*" %>
32

<%@page import="de.laures.cewolf.taglib.CewolfChartFactory" %>
34

<%@page import="org.jfree.chart.event.ChartProgressListener" %>
36

<%@page import="org.jfree.chart.event.ChartProgressEvent" %>
38

<%@page import="com.palmtech.util.*" %>
40

<%@page import="com.palmtech.sqldata.*" %>
42

<%
44

final int round=roleInfo.round;//获取游戏轮数
46

int[][] loanDataTemp=new int[round][2];
48

conn = null;
50

result = new Vector ();
52

ps = null;
54

try
56

{
58

conn = DriverManager.getConnection ("proxool.BreadServer");
60

ps = conn.prepareStatement ("CALL proc_graph_role_fee(?,?,?)");
62

ps.setInt (1,gameID);
64

ps.setInt (2,roleID);
66

ps.setInt (3,2);
68

ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery ();
70

for(int histroyRound=0;histroyRound<round;histroyRound++)
72

{
74

rs.absolute (histroyRound+1);//游标从1开始
76

for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
78

{
80

loanDataTemp[histroyRound][i]=rs.getInt (2+i);
84

//out.print (loanDataTemp[histroyRound][i]+" ");
86

}
88

//out.println ("<br>");
90

}
92

rs.close ();
94

ps.close ();
96

ps = null;
98

}
100

101

catch (Exception ex)
102

103

{
104

105

ex.printStackTrace ();
106

107

result = new Vector ();
108

109

}
110

111

finally
112

113

{
114

115

if(ps!=null)
116

117

{try
118

119

{ps.close ();}
120

121

catch(Exception e)
122

123

{}ps=null;}
124

125

try
126

127

{conn.close ();}
128

129

catch(Exception e)
130

131

{}conn=null;
132

133

}
134

135

final int[][] loanData=loanDataTemp;
136

137

%>
138

139

<%
140

141

//if (pageContext.getAttribute("initFlag") == null)
142

143

{
144

145

DatasetProducer g_loan = new DatasetProducer ()
146

147

{
148

149

public Object produceDataset (Map params)
150

151

{
152

153

final String[] seriesNames =

{ "销售利润", "贷款增加额曲线"};
154

155

String[] categories=new String[round];
156

157

for(int i=0;i<round;i++)
158

159

{
160

161

categories[i]=""+(i+1);
162

163

}
164

165

DefaultCategoryDataset dataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset ()
166

167

{
168

169

protected void finalize () throws Throwable
170

171

{
172

173

super.finalize ();
174

175

}
176

177

};
178

179

for (int series = 0; series < seriesNames.length; series ++)
180

181

{
182

183

for (int i = 0; i < categories.length; i++)
184

185

{
186

187

dataset.addValue (loanData[i][series], seriesNames[series], categories[i]);
188

189

}
190

191

}
192

193

return dataset;
194

195

}
196

197

public String getProducerId ()
198

199

{
200

201

return "CategoryDataProducer";
202

203

}
204

205

public boolean hasExpired (Map params, java.util.Date since)
206

207

{
208

209

return (System.currentTimeMillis () - since.getTime ()) > 5000;
210

211

}
212

213

};
214

215

pageContext.setAttribute ("g_loan", g_loan);
216

217

pageContext.setAttribute ("initFlag", "init");
218

219

}
220

221

%>
222

223

<%int r_loan=MathUtil.random(-2, 2);%>
224

225

<html>
226

227

<head>
228

229

231

<BODY>
232

233

<p>
234

235

<table border=0>
236

237

<TR>
238

239

<TD>
240

241

<cewolf:chart id="lineChart" title="销售利润/贷款增加额曲线" type="line" xaxislabel="回合数" yaxislabel="金额">
242

243

<cewolf:data>
244

245

<cewolf:producer id="g_loan" />
246

247

</cewolf:data>
248

249

</cewolf:chart>
250

251

<cewolf:img chartid="lineChart" renderer="/cewolf" width="300" height="<%=(r_loan+300)%>"/>
252

253

</TD>
254

255

</TR>
256

257

258

259

</TABLE>
260

261

</body>
262

263

</html>
264

265

266

在上面的程序<cewolf:data>上加入：

<cewolf:colorpaint color="#FFEEEE"/>

指定图的背景色。

也可以：

<cewolf:gradientpaint>

<cewolf:point x="0" y="0" color="#FFFFFF" />

<cewolf:point x="300" y="0" color="#DDDDFF" />

</cewolf:gradientpaint>

这样指定渐变色。

甚至

<cewolf:texturepaint image="/img/bg.jpg" width="60" height="60" />

指定背景图。

而在另一个JSP页面里显示：

<%@include file='graph.jsp'%>

这样就把上面生成线图的JSP页面应用到当前JSP页面里。

也许你疑问为何用这个tld呢？因为这样嵌入了图表的JSP就不用使用任何Java代码。

记得将cewolf.tld放在web-inf下面。

在xml里追加:

< servlet >
2

< servlet-name > CewolfServlet </ servlet-name >
4

< servlet-class > de.laures.cewolf.CewolfRenderer </ servlet-class >
6

8

< init-param >
10

< param-name > storage </ param-name >
12

< param-value > de.laures.cewolf.storage.TransientSessionStorage </ param-value >
14

</ init-param >
16

18

< init-param >
20

< param-name > overliburl </ param-name >
22

< param-value > overlib.js </ param-value >
24

</ init-param >
26

28

< init-param >
30

< param-name > debug </ param-name >
32

< param-value > true </ param-value >
34

</ init-param >
36

< load-on-startup > 1 </ load-on-startup >
38

</ servlet >
40

< servlet-mapping >
42

< servlet-name > CewolfServlet </ servlet-name >
44

< url-pattern > /cewolf/* </ url-pattern >
46

</ servlet-mapping >
48

将overlib.js复制到WEB应用程序的根目录下；

verticalBar类型和line类型可以直接换 。不需要改其他地方。

效果图对比:

只是类型变了（加上了背景色效果）：

加点背景图片：（加了个半裸女，可惜挡住了。呵呵）

五、JS CHART

随后我又在http://webfx.eae.net/发现一个用js写的chart开源工具包。

要用到报表的地方：

而在HTMLhead部分导入需要的JS 文件。参考其提供的demo文件，稍做修改就能完全使用。

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
2

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
4

<head>
6

<title>Chart Demo (WebFX)</title>
8

.chart { margin-left: 20px; }
28

</style>
30

</head>
32

<body onload="demo();">
34

<div class="webfx-main-body">
36

<div id="chart3" class="chart" style="width: 400px; height: 200px;"></div>
38

</div>
40

</body>
42

</html>
44

负责绘制工作的js：

function demo() {
2

var c = new Chart(document.getElementById('chart3'));
4

c.setDefaultType(CHART_LINE);
6

c.setGridDensity(10, 10);
8

c.setHorizontalLabels(['mon', 'tue', 'wed', 'thu', 'fri', 'sat', 'sun', 'mon', 'tue', 'wed']);
10

11%

posted @ 2008-08-25 08:56 jamin 阅读(573) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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