C#-WinForm实现Socket异步通讯示例

工作中常用到的一些知识点，总是用完就忘，第一次尝试用博客记录下来，以备后用；

Socket通讯，Socket（套接字）是基于TCP/IP通讯方式的封装好的类，调用时需要添加下面的服务引用：

.......
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;

窗体页面搭建，上面为服务器区，下面为客户端区：

建立两个类，一个表示服务器，一个表示客户端，

首先建立服务器类：

1.声明变量：IP地址，端口号，EndPoint，Socket类，数据Buffer等

        string ip;//IP地址
        string port;//端口号
        IPEndPoint endPoint;//网络端点
        Socket socServer;//侦听连接套接字
        Socket socClient;//通讯套接字
        byte[] dataReceived = new byte[50000];

        public delegate void delegateDisplayMsg(string type,string msg);
        public delegateDisplayMsg OnDisplay;

        public SocketServer()
        {
            socServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
        }

 2.侦听连接函数：

       public void StartListen(string ip,string port)
       {
            this.ip = ip;
            this.port = port;
            endPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(this.ip), int.Parse(port));
            socServer.Bind(endPoint);
            socServer.Listen(0);
            socServer.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(OnClientConnect), null);
            ShowMsg("Wait Connect");
        }

3.接受数据函数：

public void OnClientConnect(IAsyncResult asyn)
        {
            socClient = socServer.EndAccept(asyn);
            WaitForData();
            ShowMsg("Client Connected  " + socClient.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
        }
        public void WaitForData()
        {
            if (socClient != null)
                socClient.BeginReceive(dataReceived, 0, dataReceived.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnDataReceived), null);
        }
        public void OnDataReceived(IAsyncResult asyn)
        {
            int dataLength = socClient.EndReceive(asyn);
            byte[] chars = new byte[dataLength];
            Buffer.BlockCopy(dataReceived, 0, chars, 0, dataLength);
            string msg = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(chars);
            ShowMsg("<=" + msg);
            WaitForData();
        }

4.发送数据函数：

        public void SendMsg(string msg)
        {
            byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
            socClient.Send(data);
            ShowMsg("=>" + msg);
        }

然后建立客户端类：

1.声明变量

        string ip;//IP地址
        string port;//端口号
        IPEndPoint endPoint;//网络端点
        Socket socClient;//通讯套接字
        byte[] dataReceived = new byte[50000];//数据Buffer

        public delegate void delegateDisplayMsg(string type,string msg);
        public delegateDisplayMsg OnDisplay;

        public SocketClient()
        {
            socClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
        }

2.连接服务器函数：

        public void Connect(string ip, string port)
        {
            this.ip = ip;
            this.port = port;
            endPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(this.ip), int.Parse(port));
            socClient.BeginConnect(endPoint, new AsyncCallback(OnToConnected), null);
        }

3.接受数据函数：

        public void OnToConnected(IAsyncResult asyn)
        {
            socClient.EndConnect(asyn);
            WaitForData();
            ShowMsg("Connect Success");
        }
        public void WaitForData()
        {
            if (socClient != null)
                socClient.BeginReceive(dataReceived, 0, dataReceived.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnDataReceived), null);
        }
        public void OnDataReceived(IAsyncResult asyn)
        {
            int dataLenth = socClient.EndReceive(asyn);
            byte[] chars = new byte[dataLenth];
            Buffer.BlockCopy(dataReceived, 0, chars, 0, dataLenth);
            string msg = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(chars);
            ShowMsg("<=" + msg);
            WaitForData();
        }

4.发送数据函数：

        public void SendMsg(string msg)
        {
            byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
            socClient.Send(data);
            ShowMsg("=>" + msg);
        }

服务器类与客户端类，已经建立完成，下面对两个类进行实例化，并Link窗体控件的事件函数，如下：

1.实例化：

public void Init()
{
     Server = new SocketServer();
     Client = new SocketClient();
     Server.OnDisplay += ShowMsg;
     Client.OnDisplay += ShowMsg;
}

2.按钮点击事件：

        private void btn_StartListen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Server.StartListen(txt_serverIP.Text.ToString(), txt_serverPort.Text.ToString());
            btn_StartListen.BackColor = Color.LimeGreen;
        }

        private void btn_Connect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Client.Connect(txt_clientIP.Text.ToString(), txt_clientPort.Text.ToString());
        }

        private void btn_serverSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Button b = (Button)sender;
            bool isServer = b.Name.Contains("server");
            if (isServer)
                Server.SendMsg(txt_serverMsg.Text.ToString());
            else
                Client.SendMsg(txt_clientMsg.Text.ToString());
        }

现在启动程序，测试发送接收功能是否正常

至此，一个简单的Socket通讯模型已经完成，实际应用中还需考虑通讯异常，通讯协议，多个客户端通讯等事项，第一次写博，欢迎大家多多指正；