Linux文件的误删除恢复

第一种情况：当前系统有多个用户，其中一个用户对文件进行修改，另一个用户对文件进行删除操作，那么，这时候该然后进行操作？

操作演示

[root@datanode3 fd]# cat >>/tmp/isues
123qeqweqw
dfsadfasdfasdf
sfdasfdasfdasfdr

在另一个终端删除这个文件

[root@datanode3 tmp]# rm -rf isues

解决方法：

通过文件打开的PID和打开文件的句柄来恢复

[root@datanode3 tmp]# lsof |grep -i delete
cat        2729      root    1w      REG                8,1      220    6867845 /tmp/isues (deleted)

[root@datanode3 tmp]# cd /proc/2729/fd
[root@datanode3 fd]# ls
0  1  2
[root@datanode3 fd]# cp 1 /tmp/isues

这样就恢复了。

第二种情况：当前的系统只有一个用户在登录，对文件进行了误删除的操作，那么，这个时候然后恢复呢。

注意事项

1. 停止对当前分区做任何操作

2. 通过dd命令把当前分区进行备份，防止恢复数据时造成的在度数据丢失。

 dd if=/path/filename of=/dev/sdb1

 3.通过umount命令把当前的设备分区卸载

 umount /dev/sdb1

4 下载第三方的开源软件工具

wget  http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/extundelete/extundelete/0.2.4/extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2

编译安装的时候如果报错

[root@datanode3 extundelete-0.2.4]# ./configure
Configuring extundelete 0.2.4
configure: error: Can't find ext2fs library

需要安装针对ext2fs 的库

[root@datanode3 extundelete-0.2.4]# yum list  |grep e2fs
e2fsprogs.x86_64                            1.39-33.el5                installed
e2fsprogs-libs.i386                         1.39-33.el5                installed
e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64                       1.39-33.el5                installed
e2fsprogs-devel.i386                        1.39-33.el5                Server
e2fsprogs-devel.x86_64                      1.39-33.el5                Server

[root@datanode3 extundelete-0.2.4]# yum install e2fsprogs* -y

主要的命令是 

1. extundelete --inode 2 /dev/sdb1
   

2. extundelete --restore-inode inlde /dev/sdb1

3. extundelete  --restore-all /deb/sdb1

4. 基于文件,目录，时间 extundelete -help

[root@datanode3 extundelete-0.2.4]# extundelete --help
Usage: extundelete [options] [--] device-file
Options:
  --version, -[vV]       Print version and exit successfully.
  --help,                Print this help and exit successfully.
  --superblock           Print contents of superblock in addition to the rest.
                         If no action is specified then this option is implied.
  --journal              Show content of journal.
  --after dtime          Only process entries deleted on or after 'dtime'.
  --before dtime         Only process entries deleted before 'dtime'.
Actions:
  --inode ino            Show info on inode 'ino'.
  --block blk            Show info on block 'blk'.
  --restore-inode ino[,ino,...]
                         Restore the file(s) with known inode number 'ino'.
                         The restored files are created in ./RECOVERED_FILES
                         with their inode number as extension (ie, file.12345).
  --restore-file 'path'  Will restore file 'path'. 'path' is relative to root
                         of the partition and does not start with a '/'
                         The restored file is created in the current
                         directory as 'RECOVERED_FILES/path'.
  --restore-files 'path' Will restore files which are listed in the file 'path'.
                         Each filename should be in the same format as an option
                         to --restore-file, and there should be one per line.
  --restore-directory 'path'
                         Will restore directory 'path'. 'path' is relative to th                                                                              e
                         root directory of the file system.  The restored
                         directory is created in the output directory as 'path'.
  --restore-all          Attempts to restore everything.
  -j journal             Reads an external journal from the named file.
  -b blocknumber         Uses the backup superblock at blocknumber when opening
                         the file system.
  -B blocksize           Uses blocksize as the block size when opening the file
                         system.  The number should be the number of bytes.
  --log 0                Make the program silent.
  --log filename         Logs all messages to filename.
--log D1=0,D2=filename   Custom control of log messages with comma-separated
   Examples below:       list of options.  Dn must be one of info, warn, or
   --log info,error      error.  Omission of the '=name' results in messages
   --log warn=0          with the specified level to be logged to the console.
   --log error=filename  If the parameter is '=0', logging for the specified
                         level will be turned off.  If the parameter is
                         '=filename', messages with that level will be written
                         to filename.
   -o directory          Save the recovered files to the named directory.
                         The restored files are created in a directory
                         named 'RECOVERED_FILES/' by default.

记得恢复的目录在你执行的路径下面 RECOVERED_FILES目录。