如何将查询数据导出到操作系统中的文件中?

SQL> spool /RealData/oracle/backup/emp1.txt
SQL>
SQL> !ls
data_pump  emp1.txt  FGPS_BACKUP

SQL> select employee_id||','||last_name||','||salary||','||department_id from emp1;

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
198,OConnell,2600,50
199,Grant,2600,50
200,Whalen,4400,10
201,Hartstein,13000,20
202,Fay,6000,20
203,Mavris,6500,40
204,Baer,10000,70
205,Higgins,12008,110
206,Gietz,8300,110
100,King,24000,90
101,Kochhar,17000,90

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
102,De Haan,17000,90
103,Hunold,9000,60
104,Ernst,6000,60
105,Austin,4800,60
106,Pataballa,4800,60
107,Lorentz,4200,60
108,Greenberg,12008,100
109,Faviet,9000,100
110,Chen,8200,100
111,Sciarra,7700,100
112,Urman,7800,100

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
113,Popp,6900,100
114,Raphaely,11000,30
115,Khoo,3100,30
116,Baida,2900,30
117,Tobias,2800,30
118,Himuro,2600,30
119,Colmenares,2500,30
120,Weiss,8000,50
121,Fripp,8200,50
122,Kaufling,7900,50
123,Vollman,6500,50

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
124,Mourgos,5800,50
125,Nayer,3200,50
126,Mikkilineni,2700,50
127,Landry,2400,50
128,Markle,2200,50
129,Bissot,3300,50
130,Atkinson,2800,50
131,Marlow,2500,50
132,Olson,2100,50
133,Mallin,3300,50
134,Rogers,2900,50

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
135,Gee,2400,50
136,Philtanker,2200,50
137,Ladwig,3600,50
138,Stiles,3200,50
139,Seo,2700,50
140,Patel,2500,50
141,Rajs,3500,50
142,Davies,3100,50
143,Matos,2600,50
144,Vargas,2500,50
145,Russell,14000,80

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
146,Partners,13500,80
147,Errazuriz,12000,80
148,Cambrault,11000,80
149,Zlotkey,10500,80
150,Tucker,10000,80
151,Bernstein,9500,80
152,Hall,9000,80
153,Olsen,8000,80
154,Cambrault,7500,80
155,Tuvault,7000,80
156,King,10000,80

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
157,Sully,9500,80
158,McEwen,9000,80
159,Smith,8000,80
160,Doran,7500,80
161,Sewall,7000,80
162,Vishney,10500,80
163,Greene,9500,80
164,Marvins,7200,80
165,Lee,6800,80
166,Ande,6400,80
167,Banda,6200,80

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
168,Ozer,11500,80
169,Bloom,10000,80
170,Fox,9600,80
171,Smith,7400,80
172,Bates,7300,80
173,Kumar,6100,80
174,Abel,11000,80
175,Hutton,8800,80
176,Taylor,8600,80
177,Livingston,8400,80
178,Grant,7000,

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
179,Johnson,6200,80
180,Taylor,3200,50
181,Fleaur,3100,50
182,Sullivan,2500,50
183,Geoni,2800,50
184,Sarchand,4200,50
185,Bull,4100,50
186,Dellinger,3400,50
187,Cabrio,3000,50
188,Chung,3800,50
189,Dilly,3600,50

EMPLOYEE_ID||','||LAST_NAME||','||SALARY||','||DEPARTMENT_ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
190,Gates,2900,50
191,Perkins,2500,50
192,Bell,4000,50
193,Everett,3900,50
194,McCain,3200,50
195,Jones,2800,50
196,Walsh,3100,50
197,Feeney,3000,50

107 rows selected.

SQL> spool off

 

 退出session，执行cat emp1.txt即可.