HTTP Basic Authentication认证的各种语言 后台用的
访问需要HTTP Basic Authentication认证的资源的各种语言的实现
无聊想调用下嘀咕的api的时候，发现需要HTTP Basic Authentication，就看了下。
什么是HTTP Basic Authentication？直接看http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_authentication_scheme吧。
在你访问一个需要HTTP Basic Authentication的URL的时候，如果你没有提供用户名和密码，服务器就会返回401，如果你直接在浏览器中打开，浏览器会提示你输入用户名和密码(google浏览器不会，bug？)。你可以尝试点击这个url看看效果：http://api.minicloud.com.cn/statuses/friends_timeline.xml
要在发送请求的时候添加HTTP Basic Authentication认证信息到请求中，有两种方法：
- 一是在请求头中添加Authorization：
Authorization: "Basic 用户名和密码的base64加密字符串" - 二是在url中添加用户名和密码：
http://userName:password@api.minicloud.com.cn/statuses/friends_timeline.xml
下面来看下对于第一种在请求中添加Authorization头部的各种语言的实现代码。
先看.NET的吧：
string password="password";
//注意这里的格式哦，为 "username:password"
string usernamePassword = username + ":" + password;
CredentialCache mycache = new CredentialCache();
mycache.Add(new Uri(url), "Basic", new NetworkCredential(username, password));
myReq.Credentials = mycache;
myReq.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(usernamePassword)));
WebResponse wr = myReq.GetResponse();
Stream receiveStream = wr.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(receiveStream, Encoding.UTF8);
string content = reader.ReadToEnd();
你当然也可以使用HttpWebRequest或者其他的类来发送请求。
然后是Python的：
import sys
import re
import base64
from urlparse import urlparse
theurl = 'http://api.minicloud.com.cn/statuses/friends_timeline.xml'
username = 'qleelulu'
password = 'XXXXXX' # 你信这是密码吗？
base64string = base64.encodestring(
'%s:%s' % (username, password))[:-1] #注意哦，这里最后会自动添加一个\n
authheader = "Basic %s" % base64string
req.add_header("Authorization", authheader)
try:
handle = urllib2.urlopen(req)
except IOError, e:
# here we shouldn't fail if the username/password is right
print "It looks like the username or password is wrong."
sys.exit(1)
thepage = handle.read()
再来是PHP的：
$fp = fsockopen("www.mydomain.com",80);
fputs($fp,"GET /downloads HTTP/1.0");
fputs($fp,"Host: www.mydomain.com");
fputs($fp,"Authorization: Basic " . base64_encode("user:pass") . "");
fpassthru($fp);
?>
还有flash的AS3的：
import mx.rpc.events.ResultEvent;
import mx.utils.Base64Encoder;
import mx.rpc.http.HTTPService;
URLRequestDefaults.authenticate = false;//设默认为false，否则用户较验错误时会弹出验证框
private var result:XML;
private function initApp():void
{
var base64enc:Base64Encoder = new Base64Encoder;
base64enc.encode("user:password"); //用户名和密码需要Base64编码
var user:String = base64enc.toString();
var http:HTTPService = new HTTPService;
http.addEventListener(ResultEvent.RESULT,resultHandler);//监听返回事件
http.addEventListener(FaultEvent.FAULT,faultHandler); //监听失败事件
http.resultFormat = "e4x";//返回格式
http.url = "http://api.digu.com/statuses/friends_timeline.xml"; 以嘀咕网的API为列
http.headers = {"Authorization":"Basic " + user};
http.send();
}
private function resultHandler(e:ResultEvent):void
{
result = XML(e.result);
test.dataProvider = result.status;//绑定数据
}
private function faultHandler(e:ResultEvent):void
{
//处理失败
}
还有Ruby On Rails的：
before_filter :verify_access
def show
@document = @user.documents.find(params[:id])
end
# Use basic authentication in my realm to get a user object.
# Since this is a security filter - return false if the user is not
# authenticated.
def verify_access
authenticate_or_request_with_http_basic("Documents Realm") do |username, password|
@user = User.authenticate(username, password)
end
end
end
汗，忘记JavaScript的了：
function make_base_auth(user, password) {
var tok = user + ':' + pass;
var hash = Base64.encode(tok);
return "Basic " + hash;
}
var auth = make_basic_auth('QLeelulu','mypassword');
var url = 'http://example.com';
// 原始JavaScript
xml = new XMLHttpRequest();
xml.setRequestHeader('Authorization', auth);
xml.open('GET',url)
// ExtJS
Ext.Ajax.request({
url : url,
method : 'GET',
headers : { Authorization : auth }
});
// jQuery
$.ajax({
url : url,
method : 'GET',
beforeSend : function(req) {
req.setRequestHeader('Authorization', auth);
}
});
这里提醒下，HTTP Basic Authentication对于跨域又要发送post请求的用JavaScript是实现不了的(注：对于Chrome插件这类允许通过AJAX访问跨域资源的，是可以的)。。
