LVS之DR模式实战及高可用性
author：JevonWei
版权声明：原创作品
LVS-DR实现同网段调度web模式
- 拓扑环境
网络环境
RS1
RIP 192.168.198.138/24
VIP 192.168.198.100/32
GW 192.168.198.130
RS2
RIP 192.168.198.132/24
VIP 192.168.198.100/32
GW 192.168.198.130
VS
DIP 192.168.198.128/24
VIP 192.168.198.100/32
GW 192.168.198.130
route
192.168.198.130/24
172.16.253.166/16
Client
172.16.254.150/16
GW 172.16.253.166
RS1,RS2的网关指向192.168.198.130
RS1
[root@RS1 html]# route del default gw 192.168.198.128
[root@RS1 html]# route add default gw 192.168.198.130
[root@RS1 ~]# iptables -F
[root@RS1 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
welcome to RS1
[root@RS1 ~]# service httpd start
RS2
[root@RS2 network-scripts]# route add -net 172.16.0.0/16 gw 192.168.198.130
[root@RS2 network-scripts]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
172.16.0.0 192.168.198.130 255.255.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens34
192.168.198.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens34
[root@RS2 ~]# iptables -F
[root@RS2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@RS2 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
welcome to RS2
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl start httpd
VS
添加网关路由信息
[root@VS ~]# route add default gw 192.168.198.130
[root@VS ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.198.130 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens34
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.198.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens34
[root@VS ~]# vim lvs_dr.sh
#! /bin/bash
vip=192.168.198.100
server=$vip:80
rip1=192.168.198.138
rip2=192.168.198.132
sch=wlc
dev=ens34:1 \\绑定网卡ens34
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig $dev $vip/32 broadcast $vip \\绑定vip到ens34网卡上
iptables -F
ipvsadm -A -t $server -s $sch
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip1 -g -w 3
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip2 -g -w 1
;;
stop)
ipvsadm -C
ipconfig $dev down
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
[root@danran ~]# bash lvs_dr.sh start
[root@danran ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.198.100:80 wlc
-> 192.168.198.132:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.198.138:80 Route 3 0 0
添加RS1和RS2的VIP
dr_vip_rs.sh 为添加RS服务端VIP地址的脚本
[root@RS1 ~]# vim dr_vip_rs.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
vip=192.168.198.100
mask='255.255.255.255'
dev=lo:1
case $1 in
start)
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
ifconfig $dev $vip netmask $mask broadcast $vip up
route add -host $vip dev $dev
echo "VS server is Ready "
;;
stop)
ifconfig $dev down
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "VS server is Cancel"
;;
*)
echo "Usage $(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
[root@RS1 ~]# bash dr_vip_rs.sh start
VS server is Ready
[root@RS2 ~]# bash dr_vip_rs.sh start
VS server is Ready
client
添加路由
[root@danran ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0
172.16.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
0.0.0.0 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
[root@danran ~]# route del default gw 172.16.0.1
[root@danran ~]# route add default gw 172.16.253.166 \\添加默认路由
[root@danran ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0
172.16.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
0.0.0.0 172.16.253.166 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
测试
[root@danran ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl --connect-timeout 1 192.168.198.100 ;sleep 1;done
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
LVS-DR实现跨网段
网络拓扑
网络环境
RS1
RIP 192.168.198.138/24
VIP 192.168.80.100/32
GW 192.168.198.130
RS2
RIP 192.168.198.132/24
VIP 192.168.80.100/32
GW 192.168.198.130
VS
DIP 192.168.198.128/24
VIP 192.168.198.100/32
GW 192.168.198.130
route
192.168.198.130/24
192.168.80.130/8
172.16.253.166/16
GW 192.168.198.130
Client
172.16.254.150/16
GW 172.16.253.166
RS1,RS2的网关指向192.168.198.130
route
ens38网卡添加第二个IP
[root@route network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify ens38 +ipv4.addresses 192.168.80.130/8
[root@route ~]# nmcli connection up ens38 \\启动ens38网卡
[root@route ~]# ip a
[root@route ~]# route add default gw 192.168.198.130
VS
编辑LVS_DR的配置脚本
[root@VS ~]# vim lvs_dr.sh
#! /bin/bash
vip=192.168.80.100
server=$vip:80
rip1=192.168.198.138
rip2=192.168.198.132
sch=rr
dev=ens34:1
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig $dev $vip/32 broadcast $vip
ipvsadm -A -t $server -s $sch
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip1 -g -w 3
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip2 -g -w 1
;;
stop)
ipvsadm -C
ifconfig $dev down
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
添加网关及默认路由
[root@VS ~]# route add default gw 192.168.198.130
[root@VS ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.198.130 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens34
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.198.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens34
RS1和RS2配置vip IP
[root@RS1 ~]# vim dr_vip_rs.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
vip=192.168.80.100
mask='255.255.255.255'
dev=lo:1
case $1 in
start)
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
ifconfig $dev $vip netmask $mask broadcast $vip up
# route add -host $vip dev $dev
echo "VS server is Ready "
;;
stop)
ifconfig $dev down
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "VS server is Cancel"
;;
*)
echo "Usage $(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
[root@RS1 ~]# bash dr_vip_rs.sh start
VS server is Ready
[root@RS2 ~]# bash dr_vip_rs.sh start
VS server is Ready
路由信息
[root@RS2 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.198.130 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens34
192.168.198.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens34
[root@RS1 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.198.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
0.0.0.0 192.168.198.130 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1
client
[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl 192.168.80.100 ;done
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
welcome to RS2
welcome to RS1
将http和https两个不同的服务打标签,从而使http和https做成一个集群服务
FireWall Mark技术
VS
[root@VS ~]# iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.80.100 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j MARK --set-mark 10
[root@VS ~]# vim lvs_dr_vs_fwm.sh
#! /bin/bash
vip=192.168.80.100
server=10
rip1=192.168.198.138
rip2=192.168.198.132
sch=rr
dev=ens34:1
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig $dev $vip/32 broadcast $vip
ipvsadm -A -f $server -s $sch
ipvsadm -a -f $server -r $rip1 -g -w 3
ipvsadm -a -f $server -r $rip2 -g -w 1
;;
stop)
ipvsadm -C
ifconfig $dev down
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
[root@VS ~]# bash lvs_dr_vs_fwm.sh start
[root@VS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
FWM 10 rr
-> 192.168.198.132:0 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.198.138:0 Route 3 0 0
client
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100；curl -k https://192.168.80.100
实现DR持久连接
PFWMC基于防火墙的持久连接
VS
[root@VS ~]# iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.80.100 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j MARK --set-mark 10
[root@VS ~]# vim lvs_dr_vs_fwm.sh
#! /bin/bash
vip=192.168.80.100
server=10
rip1=192.168.198.138
rip2=192.168.198.132
sch=rr
dev=ens34:1
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig $dev $vip/32 broadcast $vip
ipvsadm -A -f $server -s $sch -p 600 \\-p 设置持久连接为600s
ipvsadm -a -f $server -r $rip1 -g -w 3
ipvsadm -a -f $server -r $rip2 -g -w 1
;;
stop)
ipvsadm -C
ifconfig $dev down
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
; ;
esac
[root@VS ~]# bash lvs_dr_vs_fwm.sh start
[root@VS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
FWM 10 rr persistent 600 \\持久连接为600s
-> 192.168.198.132:0 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.198.138:0 Route 3 0 0
client
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100
welcome to RS2
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100
welcome to RS2
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100
welcome to RS2
[root@client ~]# curl https://192.168.80.100
welcome to RS2
[root@client ~]# curl https://192.168.80.100
welcome to RS2
PCC基于0端口的持久连接
VS
[root@VS ~]# iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.80.100 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j MARK --set-mark 10
[root@VS ~]# vim lvs_dr_vs_per.sh
#! /bin/bash
vip=192.168.80.100
server=$vip:0
rip1=192.168.198.138
rip2=192.168.198.132
sch=rr
dev=ens34:1
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig $dev $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $vip
ipvsadm -A -t $server -s $sch -p 600
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip1 -g -w 3
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip2 -g -w 1
;;
stop)
ipvsadm -C
ifconfig $dev down
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
[root@VS ~]# bash lvs_dr_vs_per.sh start
[root@VS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.80.100:0 rr persistent 600
-> 192.168.198.132:0 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.198.138:0 Route 3 0 0
LVS高可用性
VS(编写脚本判断RS服务器是否故障)
[root@VS ~]# vim lvs_dr_vs.sh
#! /bin/bash
vip=192.168.80.100
server=$vip:80
rip1=192.168.198.138
rip2=192.168.198.132
sch=rr
dev=ens34:1
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig $dev $vip/32 broadcast $vip
ipvsadm -A -t $server -s $sch
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip1 -g -w 3
ipvsadm -a -t $server -r $rip2 -g -w 1
;;
stop)
ipvsadm -C
ifconfig $dev down
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
[root@VS ~]# bash lvs_dr_vs.sh start
ldirectord实现LVS的高可用性
当RS服务端崩溃时，自动从LVS中删除
VS
[root@VS ~]# iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.80.100 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j MARK --set-mark 10
下载ldirectord软件包(pub/Source/7.x86/crmsh/)
[root@VS ~]# yum -y install ldirectord-3.9.6-0rc1.1.1.x86_64.rpm \\需有完整yum源
[root@VS ~]# rpm -ql ldirectord
/etc/ha.d
/etc/ha.d/resource.d
/etc/ha.d/resource.d/ldirectord
/etc/logrotate.d/ldirectord
/usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/ldirectord
/usr/lib/systemd/system/ldirectord.service
/usr/sbin/ldirectord
/usr/share/doc/ldirectord-3.9.6
/usr/share/doc/ldirectord-3.9.6/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/ldirectord-3.9.6/ldirectord.cf
/usr/share/man/man8/ldirectord.8.gz
[root@VS ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/ldirectord-3.9.6/ldirectord.cf /etc/ha.d
[root@VS ~]# vim /etc/ha.d/ldirectord.cf
checktimeout=3 \\超时时间
checkinterval=1 \\检查间隔
fallback=127.0.0.1:80 \\Sorry Server,错误的网页
autoreload=yes \\自动加载配置文件
logfile="/var/log/ldirectord.log" \\日志文件
quiescent=no \\当RS宕机时是否将RS记录从ipvsadm记录中删除，no表示宕机即删除
virtual=192.168.80.100:80 \\VS服务端IP
real=192.168.198.138:80 gate 2 \\RS服务端IP，gate表示dr类型
real=192.168.198.132:80 gate 1 \\RS服务端IP，gate表示dr类型
fallback=127.0.0.1:80 gate
service=http
scheduler=wrr \\调度算法
protocol=tcp \\tcp协议
checktype=negotiate
checkport=80 \\检查端口
request="index.html" \\检查网页
receive="danran" \\检查网页字符，若包含该字符，则表示RS服务端正常
[root@VS ~]# systemctl start ldirectord
[root@VS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.80.100:80 rr
-> 192.168.198.132:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.198.138:80 Route 1 0 0
client
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100
welcome to RS2
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100
welcome to RS1
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100
welcome to RS2
[root@client ~]# curl 192.168.80.100
welcome to RS1
使用标签实现ldirectord将多个服务定义为一个集群服务
使用打标签时需删除protocol=tcp选项
[root@VS ~]# iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.80.100 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j MARK --set-mark 10 \\标签定义为10
[root@VS ~]# iptables -t mangle -nvL
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 41 packets, 3944 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 MARK tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.80.100 multiport dports 80,443 MARK set 0xa
[root@VS ~]# vim /etc/ha.d/ldirectord.cf
checktimeout=3 \\超时时间
checkinterval=1 \\检查间隔
fallback=127.0.0.1:80 \\Sorry Server,错误的网页
autoreload=yes \\自动加载配置文件
logfile="/var/log/ldirectord.log" \\日志文件
quiescent=no \\当RS宕机时是否将RS记录从ipvsadm记录中删除，no表示宕机即删除
virtual=10 \\VS标签为10
real=192.168.198.138:80 gate 2 \\RS服务端IP，gate表示dr类型
real=192.168.198.132:80 gate 1 \\RS服务端IP，gate表示dr类型
fallback=127.0.0.1:80 gate
service=http
scheduler=wrr \\调度算法
checktype=negotiate
checkport=80 \\检查端口
request="index.html" \\检查网页
receive="danran" \\检查网页字符，若包含该字符，则表示RS服务端正常
[root@VS ~]# systemctl start ldirectord
[root@VS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
FWM 10 rr
-> 192.168.198.132:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.198.138:80 Route 1 0 0
danran
