xml.etree.ElementTree 模块 xml文件格式

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

xml文件格式

 

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>

xml数据
View Code

 

 

 xml协议在各个语言里的都 是支持的，在python中可以用以下模块操作xml：

 

# print(root.iter('year')) #全文搜索
# print(root.find('country')) #在root的子节点找，只找一个
# print(root.findall('country')) #在root的子节点找，找所有

 

读取文件

 

1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
2 tree = ET.parse(r'E:\python\day1\day5\b.test')
3 root = tree.getroot()
4 print (root.tag)
5 data

 

 

 

遍历文件country标签

 

 1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 2 tree = ET.parse(r'E:\python\day1\day5\b.test')
 3 root = tree.getroot()
 4 for i in root.iter('country'):    #全文的 country节点
 5     print (i.tag,i.text,i.attrib)    #tar标签 text内容 attrib标签属性
 6     
 7 country 
 8          {'name': 'Liechtenstein'}
 9 country 
10          {'name': 'Singapore'}
11 country 
12          {'name': 'Panama'}

 

 

 

遍历全文

 

 1 tree = ET.parse(r'E:\python\day1\day5\b.test')
 2 root = tree.getroot()
 3 for coun in root:
 4     print ('=====>',coun.attrib['name'])
 5     for i in coun:
 6         print (i.tag,i.text,i.attrib)
 7         
 8 =====> Liechtenstein
 9 rank 2 {'updated': 'yes'}
10 year 2008 {}
11 gdppc 141100 {}
12 neighbor None {'name': 'Austria', 'direction': 'E'}
13 neighbor None {'name': 'Switzerland', 'direction': 'W'}
14 =====> Singapore
15 rank 5 {'updated': 'yes'}
16 year 2011 {}
17 gdppc 59900 {}
18 neighbor None {'name': 'Malaysia', 'direction': 'N'}
19 =====> Panama
20 rank 69 {'updated': 'yes'}
21 year 2011 {}
22 gdppc 13600 {}
23 neighbor None {'name': 'Costa Rica', 'direction': 'W'}
24 neighbor None {'name': 'Colombia', 'direction': 'E'}

 

 

 

修改标签内容

 

1 tree = ET.parse(r'E:\python\day1\day5\b.test')
2 root = tree.getroot()
3 
4 for coun in root.iter('year'):
5     print (coun.text)
6     coun.text = str(int(coun.text)+1)   ##year + 1 
7     coun.set('update','yes')     ##标签内加上 update="yes"
8 tree.write(r'E:\python\day1\day5\b.test')   ##写入文件

 

 

 

 

删除节点,只能逐级删

条件 删除 year的值 大于2010

 

1 tree = ET.parse(r'E:\python\day1\day5\b.test')
2 root = tree.getroot()
3 
4 for country in root:      #遍历文件country标签
5     print (country.find('year'))   在country标签内找year标签
6     year = country.find('year')
7     if int(year.text) > 2010:  
8         country.remove(year)   #删除country 内的 year标签
9 tree.write(r'E:\python\day1\day5\a.test')

 

 

 

 

添加节点

 

1 for country in root:
2     print (country.find('year'))
3     year = country.find('year')
4     if int(year.text) > 2010:
5         year2 = ET.Element('year2')     #制作标签
6         year2.text = str(int(year.text)+1)
7         year2.set('yinhang','SB')
8         country.append(year2)    #添加标签
9 tree.write(r'E:\python\day1\day5\a.test')

 

 新建 xml文件

 

 

 1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 2  
 3  
 4 new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")      #创建主标签
 5 name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})      #创建子标签  参数1在哪里创建子标签  参数2:标签名字 参数3:标签属性
 6 age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})     
 7 sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")
 8 sex.text = '33'        #子标签内容
 9 name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})
10 age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")
11 age.text = '19'
12  
13 et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象
14 et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)     ##xml_declaration  文件头声明
15  
16 ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式

 

posted @ 2017-06-07 18:35  冯公子  阅读(633)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报