iOS quartzCore学习之CAShapeLayer
参考:http://blog.csdn.net/hdfqq188816190/article/details/51361011
CAShapeLayer 是 CALayer 的子类,但是比 CALayer 更灵活,可以画出各种图形,当然,你也可以使用其他方式来画,随你。
首先CAShapeLayer 自身有path ,fillColor ,fillRule ,strokeColor ,strokeStart , strokeEnd , lineWidth(线宽,用点表示单位) ,miterLimit ,lineCap(线条结尾的样子) , lineJoin(线条之间的结合点的样子), lineDashPhase 和lineDashPattern 这几个属性。
杂谈
在 CAShapeLayer 中,也可以像 CALayer 一样指定它的 frame 来画,就像这样:
- (void)setShapRect{ CAShapeLayer* shaper = [CAShapeLayer layer]; shaper.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; shaper.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100); [self.view.layer addSublayer:shaper]; }
然后你就会得到如图这样的黑色矩形
2.CAShapeLayer 有一个神奇的属性 path 用这个属性配合上 UIBezierPath 这个类就可以达到超神的效果。
UIBezierPath 顾名思义,这是用贝塞尔曲线的方式来构建一段弧线,你可以用任意条弧线来组成你想要的形状,比如,你想用它来和上面一样画一个矩形,那就可以这样子来做:
- (void)setShapRect2{ UIBezierPath* path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect: CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100)]; CAShapeLayer* shaper = [CAShapeLayer layer]; shaper.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; shaper.path = path.CGPath; [self.view.layer addSublayer:shaper]; }
要注意的是,这里就不要用backgroundColor 这个属性了,而要使用 fillColor 和 strokeColor ,前者代表设置这个 Layer 的填充色,后者代表设置它的边框色
玩一下UIBezierPath
在说回 UIBezierPath ,在 UIBezierPath 的 init 方法中,就有很多方便你画各种图形的方法,比如你可以画一个带圆角的图形
代码
UIBezierPath* path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100) cornerRadius:20 ]; CAShapeLayer* shaper = [CAShapeLayer layer]; shaper.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; shaper.strokeColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; shaper.path = path.CGPath; [self.view.layer addSublayer:shaper];
效果如下;
指定半角
代码如下:
UIBezierPath* path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100) byRoundingCorners:UIRectCornerTopLeft|UIRectCornerBottomRight cornerRadii:CGSizeMake(30, 30)]; CAShapeLayer* shaper = [CAShapeLayer layer]; shaper.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; shaper.strokeColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; shaper.path = path.CGPath; [self.view.layer addSublayer:shaper];
效果如下:
还可以指定起始角和半径画圆
代码如下:
UIBezierPath* path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(200, 200) radius:50 startAngle:0 endAngle:M_PI clockwise:YES]; CAShapeLayer* shaper = [CAShapeLayer layer]; shaper.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; shaper.strokeColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; shaper.path = path.CGPath; [self.view.layer addSublayer:shaper];
效果如下:
怎么画曲线
贝塞尔曲线的画法是由起点、终点、控制点三个参数来画的,为了解释清楚这个点,我写了几行代码来解释它
- (void)setLine1{ CGPoint startPoint = CGPointMake(50, 300); CGPoint endPoint = CGPointMake(300, 300); CGPoint controlPoint = CGPointMake(170, 200); CALayer* layer1 = [CALayer layer]; layer1.frame = CGRectMake(startPoint.x, startPoint.y, 5, 5); layer1.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; CALayer* layer2 = [CALayer layer]; layer2.frame = CGRectMake(endPoint.x, endPoint.y, 5, 5); layer2.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; CALayer* layer3 = [CALayer layer]; layer3.frame = CGRectMake(controlPoint.x, controlPoint.y, 5, 5); layer3.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; UIBezierPath* path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath]; CAShapeLayer* layer = [CAShapeLayer layer]; [path moveToPoint:startPoint]; [path addQuadCurveToPoint:endPoint controlPoint:controlPoint]; layer.path = path.CGPath; layer.fillColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor; layer.strokeColor = [UIColor blackColor ].CGColor; [self.view.layer addSublayer:layer]; [self.view.layer addSublayer:layer1]; [self.view.layer addSublayer:layer2]; [self.view.layer addSublayer:layer3]; }
效果如下;
再来说说 CAShapeLayer
CAShapeLayer 是个神奇的东西,给它一个path它就能变成你想要的形状,它还有很多可以玩的地方。综合使用可以组合成不同的动画,比如下面这样
这三个动画就是使用了 strokeEnd、strokeStart和lineWidth 三个属性,第一个动画用了strokeEnd这个属性的值范围是0-1,动画显示了从0到1之间每一个值对这条曲线的影响,strokeStart的方法则是相反的,如果把这两个值首先都设置成0.5然后慢慢改变成0和1的时候就会变成第二个动画,配合lineWidth则曲线会慢慢变粗,这里的很多属性都是支持动画的
代码如下:
- (void) animation{ CABasicAnimation* animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"strokeEnd"]; animation.fromValue = @0; animation.toValue = @1; animation.duration = 2; [self.shapeLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@""]; } - (void) animation2{ self.shapeLayer.strokeStart = 0.5; self.shapeLayer.strokeEnd = 0.5; CABasicAnimation* animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"strokeEnd"]; animation.fromValue = @0.5; animation.toValue = @1; animation.duration = 2; CABasicAnimation* animation1 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"strokeStart"]; animation1.fromValue = @0.5; animation1.toValue = @0; animation1.duration = 2; [self.shapeLayer addAnimation:animation1 forKey:@""]; [self.shapeLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@""]; } - (void) animation3{ CABasicAnimation* animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"lineWidth"]; animation.fromValue = @1; animation.toValue = @10; animation.duration = 2; [self.shapeLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@""]; }