docker高级操作

 

 

 

 映射端口

docker run -p 容器外端口: 容器里端口

 挂载数据卷

docker run -p 容器外目录: 容器里目录

 传递环境变量

docker run -e key=value
docker run -e key=value -e key=value # 传多个环境变量

　　

 

一.映射端口

1.先下载 nginx 镜像

2.打好标签

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nginx:1.12.2
1.12.2: Pulling from library/nginx
f2aa67a397c4: Pull complete 
e3eaf3d87fe0: Pull complete 
38cb13c1e4c9: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:72daaf46f11cc753c4eab981cbf869919bd1fee3d2170a2adeac12400f494728
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.12.2
docker.io/library/nginx:1.12.2
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY           TAG                  IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world          latest               fce289e99eb9        13 months ago       1.84kB
nginx                1.12.2               4037a5562b03        22 months ago       108MB
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag 4037a5562b03 shizhengwen/nginx:v1.12.2
[root@localhost ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY           TAG                  IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world          latest               fce289e99eb9        13 months ago       1.84kB
shizhengwen/nginx    v1.12.2              4037a5562b03        22 months ago       108MB
nginx                1.12.2               4037a5562b03        22 months ago       108MB

 3.启动nginx镜像

-p宿主机端口:容器内端口

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --rm --name mynginx -d -p81:80 shizhengwen/nginx:v1.12.2
47204ab656a600e15e1eac645c4449a5175e96c1008e4300d543c57badd64ca5

 

 

 查看端口是否起来了 netstat -luntp|grep 81

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -luntp|grep 81
tcp6       0      0 :::81                   :::*                    LISTEN      6724/docker-proxy

 curl 一下 curl 127.0.0.1：81

[root@localhost ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:81
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

 

二.挂载数据

4.在家目录创建文件夹

[root@localhost ~]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir html
[root@localhost ~]# cd html/
[root@localhost html]#

 5.下载一个html

[root@localhost html]# wget www.baidu.com -O index.html

6.启动nginx

-v宿主机目录: 容器内目录

docker run -d --rm --name nginx_with_baidu -d -p82:80 -v/root/html:/usr/share/nginx/html shizhengwen/nginx:v1.12.2

[root@localhost html]# docker run -d --rm --name nginx_with_baidu -d -p82:80 -v/root/html:/usr/share/nginx/html shizhengwen/nginx:v1.12.2
c09cc1eeb5dfd7a690b352975558a540f25303ae3dbc127f3eb958785ea06b6c

 

 

三.传递环境变量

7.启动镜像

-e key键=value值

docker run --rm -e E_HEHE=world -e NIHAO=nihao shizhengwen/alpine:5.5 printenv

docker run --rm -e E_HEHE=e_world shizhengwen/alpine:5.5 printenv
docker run --rm -e DEV=dev -e PROD=prod shizhengwen/alpine:5.5 printenv

　　

　　

四.容器里安装软件

8.先进入到一个容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -ti nginx_with_baidu /bin/bash

 9.假如 curl 命令是容器里没有的

root@c09cc1eeb5df:/# curl
bash: curl: command not found

 10.我们要想给容器转一个 curl 命令就要先去更新 apt 的一个源

tee /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie main non-ffree contrib
deb http://mirrirs.163.com/dobian/ jessie-updates main non-free contrib
EOF

 

 这下源就更新了

11.下载 curl 了

apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl

 

12.固化镜像 　　# 把刚刚下载过工具的镜像给固化 

docker commit -p c09cc1eeb5df shizhengwen/nginx:curl

13. 推送到仓库

docker push shizhengwen/nginx:curl

　　

 

posted @ 2020-02-21 23:41  陨落&新生  阅读(688)  评论(0)    收藏  举报