关于ASP.NET中调用Excel组件不能结束进程的解决方法

        关于在asp.net中调用Excel组件不能结束进程的问题,常见的解决方法用的是下面这段代码

wb.Close(null,null,null);
app.Workbooks.Close();
app.Quit();

if(rng != null)
{
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(rng);
    rng 
= null;
}

if(ws != null)
{
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ws);
    ws 
= null;
}

if(wb != null)
{  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wb);
    wb 
= null;
}

if(app != null)
{ System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
app 
= null;
}

GC.Collect();

        虽然这段代码在配置正确的情况下能自动结束Excel进程,但是前提是在操作Excel时没有引发异常的情况下,如果有异常发生,那么Excel进程将不能结束(比如:引用了一个在Excel文件中不存在的文本框时就会出现“HRESULT 中的异常:0x800A03EC。”),这时就要借助Process类的Kill()方法来结束,下面是我写的测试代码:

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

namespace ExcelTest
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// Excel的摘要说明。
    
/// </summary>

    public class Excel
    
{
        
private DateTime beforeTime;            //Excel启动之前时间
        private DateTime afterTime;                //Excel启动之后时间

        excel.Application app;
        excel.Workbook wb;
        excel.Worksheet ws;
        excel.Range rng;
        excel.TextBox tb;

        
public Excel(string templetPath)
        
{
            
//实例化一个Excel Application对象并使其可见
            beforeTime = DateTime.Now;
            app 
= new excel.ApplicationClass();
            app.Visible 
= true;
            afterTime 
= DateTime.Now;

            wb 
= app.Workbooks.Open(templetPath,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing);
            ws 
= (excel.Worksheet)wb.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
        }


        
public void ExcelMethod()
        
{
            rng 
= ws.get_Range("B5","C7");
            rng.Merge(excel.XlAxisCrosses.xlAxisCrossesAutomatic);
            rng.Value2 
= "Excel2003";

            rng 
= ws.get_Range("D8","E11");
            rng.MergeCells 
= true;
            rng.Value2 
= "Excel2003";
            rng.HorizontalAlignment 
= excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;
            rng.VerticalAlignment 
= excel.XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;

            rng 
= ws.get_Range("A1",Type.Missing);
            rng.Value2 
= 5;

            rng 
= ws.get_Range("A2",Type.Missing);
            rng.Value2 
= 7;

            
for(int i=1;i<100;i++)
            
{
                
string s = string.Concat("G",i.ToString());
                rng 
= ws.get_Range(s,Type.Missing);
                rng.Value2 
= i.ToString();
            }


            tb 
= (excel.TextBox)ws.TextBoxes("文本框 1");
            tb.Text 
= "作 者";

            tb 
= (excel.TextBox)ws.TextBoxes("文本框 2");
            tb.Text 
= "KLY.NET的Blog";

            tb 
= (excel.TextBox)ws.TextBoxes("文本框 3");
            tb.Text 
= "日 期";


            
try
            
{
                tb 
= (excel.TextBox)ws.TextBoxes("文本框 5");
                tb.Text 
= DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
            }

            
catch
            
{
                
//这里用Dispose()方法结束不了Excel进程,所有还是要用Process的Kill()方法配合使用
                
//                this.Dispose();
                this.KillExcelProcess();
                
throw new Exception("不存在ID为\"文本框 5\"的文本框!");
            }

            
finally
            
{
                
//如果有异常发生,Dispose()方法放在这里也结束不了Excel进程
//                this.Dispose();

                
//如果发生异常,在这里也可以结束Excel进程
//                this.KillExcelProcess();
            }

        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 另存为Excel文件
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="savePath">保存路径</param>

        public void SaveAsExcelFile(string savePath)
        
{
            wb.SaveAs(savePath,excel.XlFileFormat.xlHtml,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing);
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 结束Excel进程
        
/// </summary>

        public void KillExcelProcess()
        
{
            Process[] myProcesses;
            DateTime startTime;
            myProcesses 
= Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel");

            
//得不到Excel进程ID,暂时只能判断进程启动时间
            foreach(Process myProcess in myProcesses)
            
{
                startTime 
= myProcess.StartTime;

                
if(startTime > beforeTime && startTime < afterTime)
                
{
                    myProcess.Kill();
                }

            }

        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 如果对Excel的操作没有引发异常的话,用这个方法可以正常结束Excel进程
        
/// 否则要用KillExcelProcess()方法来结束Excel进程
        
/// </summary>

        public void Dispose()
        
{
            wb.Close(
null,null,null);
            app.Workbooks.Close();
            app.Quit();

            
//注意:这里用到的所有Excel对象都要执行这个操作,否则结束不了Excel进程
            if(rng != null)
            
{
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(rng);
                rng 
= null;
            }

            
if(tb != null)
            
{
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(tb);
                tb 
= null;
            }

            
if(ws != null)
            
{
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ws);
                ws 
= null;
            }

            
if(wb != null)
            
{
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wb);
                wb 
= null;
            }

            
if(app != null)
            
{
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
                app 
= null;
            }


            GC.Collect();
        }

    }

}

        这段代码能很好的解决Excel进程不能正常结束的问题,如果主机操作系统不是服务器版的话,那么就要借助于ntsd -c q -p pid命令来结束。
        还有一个问题的关于Excel组件访问权限的配置,一定要在组件服务里面正确配置,否则结束不了Excel进程,具体的配置方法在我项目的doc文件夹下;在我前面的文章里面介绍了在web.config文件里面加入假扮用户的方法,但是经我测试发现这种方法虽然可以访问Excel组件,但是结束不了进程,除非用Kill方法强行结束。

点这里下载ExcelTest.rar

 

posted @ 2005-11-08 21:13  kalman  阅读(10627)  评论(20编辑  收藏  举报