后台主页模块、前后台分离跨域交互、xadmin后台管理

一、后台主页模块

1、home模块

   01、创建home模块

前提：在 luffy 虚拟环境下
​
1.终端从项目根目录进入apps目录
>: cd luffyapi & cd apps
​
2.创建app
>: python ../../manage.py startapp home

 02、路由分发

主路由：luffyapi/urls.py

from django.urls import path, re_path, include
urlpatterns = [
    # ...
    path('user/', include('home.urls')),
    # ...
]

子路由：home/urls.py

from django.urls import path, re_path
urlpatterns = [
​
]

03、Banner数据表model设计

utils/model.py

from django.db import models
​
class BaseModel(models.Model):
    orders = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='显示顺序')
    is_show = models.BooleanField(verbose_name="是否上架", default=False)
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(verbose_name="逻辑删除", default=False)
​
    class Meta:
        abstract = True

from django.db import models

class BaseModel(models.Model):
    created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    updated_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='最后更新时间')
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否删除')
    is_show = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='是否上架')
    orders = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='优先级')

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

home/models.py

from django.db import models
from utils.model import BaseModel
​
class Banner(BaseModel):
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='banner', verbose_name='轮播图', null=True, blank=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='轮播图名称')
    note = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='备注信息')
    link = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='轮播图广告地址')
​
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'luffy_banner'
        verbose_name = '轮播图'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
​
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

from django.db import models
from utils.model import BaseModel

class Banner(BaseModel):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=16, unique=True, verbose_name='名称')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='banner', verbose_name='图片')
    link = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='跳转链接')
    info = models.TextField(verbose_name='详情')  # 也可以用详情表，宽高出处

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'luffy_banner'
        verbose_name_plural = '轮播图表'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

 

数据迁移：在大luffyapi路径下的终端

>: python manage.py makemigrations
>: python manage.py migrate

 

04、注册home模块：dev.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # ...
    'rest_framework',
    'home',
]
​

 

05、设计Banner数据接口

home/serializers.py

from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer
from . import models
class BannerModelSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Banner
        fields = ('name', 'note', 'image', 'link')

from rest_framework import serializers
from . import models
class BannerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Banner
        fields = ['title', 'image', 'link']

 

home/views.py

from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
from utils.response import APIResponse
from . import models, serializers
class BannerListAPIView(ListAPIView):
    queryset = models.Banner.objects.filter(is_delete=False, is_show=True).order_by('-orders')
    serializer_class = serializers.BannerModelSerializer

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework import mixins
from . import models, serializers

class BannerViewSet(ModelViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Banner.objects.filter(is_delete=False, is_show=True).all()
    serializer_class = serializers.BannerSerializer

 

home/urls.py

from django.urls import path, re_path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('banners/', views.BannerListAPIView.as_view())
]

from django.urls import path, include
from utils.router import router
from . import views
# 注册ViewSet的路由
router.register('banners', views.BannerViewSet, 'banner')

urlpatterns = [
path('', include(router.urls)),
]

 

接口

http://api.luffy.cn:8000/home/banner/

http://localhost:8000/home/banners/

二、前后台分离跨域交互

 

1、后台处理跨域

终端安装插件

>: pip install django-cors-headers
​
插件参考地址：https://github.com/ottoyiu/django-cors-headers/

 

 

项目配置：dev.py

# 注册app
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'corsheaders'
]
​
# 添加中间件
MIDDLEWARE = [
    ...
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware'
]
​
# 允许跨域源
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True

 

2、前台请求Banner数据

修订Banner.vue

<template>
    <el-carousel height="520px" :interval="3000" arrow="always">
        <!-- 渲染后台数据 -->
        <el-carousel-item v-for="banner in banner_list" :key="banner.name">
            <a :href="banner.link">
                <img :src="banner.image" alt="" :title="banner.note">
            </a>
        </el-carousel-item>
​
    </el-carousel>
</template>
<script>
    export default {
        name: "Banner",
        data() {
            return {
                banner_list: []
            }
        },
        created() {
            // 请求后台数据
            this.$axios({
                url: this.$settings.base_url + '/home/banners/',
                method: 'get',
            }).then(response => {
                // window.console.log(response.data);
                this.banner_list = response.data;
            }).catch(errors => {
                window.console.log(errors)
            })
        }
    }
</script>
​
<style scoped>
    .el-carousel__item h3 {
        color: #475669;
        font-size: 18px;
        opacity: 0.75;
        line-height: 300px;
        margin: 0;
    }
​
    .el-carousel__item:nth-child(2n) {
        background-color: #99a9bf;
    }
​
    .el-carousel__item:nth-child(2n+1) {
        background-color: #d3dce6;
    }
    .el-carousel__item img {
        text-align: center;
        height: 520px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        display: block;
    }
</style>

 

 

三、xadmin后台管理

安装：luffy虚拟环境下

# >: pip install https://codeload.github.com/sshwsfc/xadmin/zip/django2

 

注册app：dev.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # ...
    # xamin主体模块
    'xadmin',
    # 渲染表格模块
    'crispy_forms',
    # 为模型通过版本控制，可以回滚数据
    'reversion',
]

 

xadmin：需要自己的数据库模型类，完成数据库迁移

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

 

设置主路由替换掉admin：主urls.py

# xadmin的依赖
import xadmin
xadmin.autodiscover()
# xversion模块自动注册需要版本控制的 Model
from xadmin.plugins import xversion
xversion.register_models()
​
urlpatterns = [
    # ...
    path(r'xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls),
]

 

创建超级用户：大luffyapi路径终端

# 在项目根目录下的终端
python manage.py createsuperuser
# 账号密码设置：admin | Admin123

 

完成xadmin全局配置：新建home/adminx.py

# home/adminx.py
# xadmin全局配置
import xadmin
from xadmin import views
​
class GlobalSettings(object):
    """xadmin的全局配置"""
    site_title = "路飞学城"  # 设置站点标题
    site_footer = "路飞学城有限公司"  # 设置站点的页脚
    menu_style = "accordion"  # 设置菜单折叠
​
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSettings)

 

在adminx.py中注册model：home/adminx.px

from . import models
# 注册
xadmin.site.register(models.Banner)

 

修改app:home的名字：xadmin页面上的显示效果

# home/__init__.py
default_app_config = "home.apps.HomeConfig"
​
# home/apps.py
from django.apps import AppConfig
class HomeConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'home'
    verbose_name = '我的首页'