mysql可以以多实例的方式，实现一台服务器，运行在不同端口不同数据文件的mysql，它们是相互独立的。
1、关闭原有的默认端口3306的mysql:service mysqd stop
2、拷贝或创建数据文件
#拷贝现有的mysql数据库文件 #我的在/var/lib/mysql，拷贝一份至mysql_3307文件夹 [root@test-206 ~]# cp -r /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql_3307
#创建一个新的空数据库 [root@test-206 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql_3307 [root@test-206 ~]# mysql_install_db --datadir=/var/lib/mysql_3307 --user=mysql
3、给数据文件赋予mysql用户与用户组
[root@test-206 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql_3307
4、创建multi的配置cnf文件,用于启动这个mysql实例（如3307）载入执行
[root@test-206 ~]# touch /usr/local/my_multi.cnf
文件中写入你想要的配置，如下为典型配置
[mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/bin/mysqladmin user = root #用于登陆和关闭此服务 password = 123456 #同上 [mysqld3307] socket = /tmp/mysql_3307.sock port = 3307 pid-file = /var/lib/mysql_3307/3307.pid datadir = /var/lib/mysql_3307/ log = /var/lib/mysql_3307/3307.log character-set-server = utf8 user = mysql
5、启动你的多实例
[root@test-206 ~]# mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/my_multi.cnf start 3307
6、检查是否启动成功
[root@test-206 ~]# netstat -ntlp tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3919/mysqld tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 15027/mysqld
如果没有发现你要的端口号mysql实例，可以检查下/var/lib/mysql_3307/3307.log文件,排除问题
7、设置新的密码
[root@test-206 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -S /tmp/mysql_3307.sock password 123456
8、登入你的新实例
[root@test-206 ~]# mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql_3307.sock -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.20-log Distributed by The IUS Community Project Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
再次确认下，你的这个实例，是不是用的mysql_3307这个文件夹的数据
mysql> show variables like '%datadir%'; +---------------+----------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+----------------------+ | datadir | /var/lib/mysql_3307/ | +---------------+----------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
恩，没有错！最后，搞搞权限、用户之类。收工!
#查用户 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; +------+-----------+ | user | host | +------+-----------+ | root | 127.0.0.1 | | root | ::1 | | | localhost | | root | localhost | | | test-206 | | root | test-206 | +------+-----------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) #设权限 mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ##查权限 mysql> show grants for root; ##创用户 mysql> grant select on *.* to backup@'%' identified by 'backup'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
