tensorflow2.0——手写数据集预测（全连接神经3层网络）

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
from tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers


# 加载手写数字数据
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(train_x, train_y), (test_x, test_y) = mnist.load_data()

xs = tf.convert_to_tensor(train_x, dtype=tf.float32)/255                    #   除255将像素点值变为0-1的值
ys = tf.convert_to_tensor(train_y.reshape(-1, 1), dtype=tf.float32)
db = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((xs, ys)).batch(200)                #   将标记值和样本封装为元组，且每次以200个样本作为求梯度整体

#   设置超参
iter = 100
learn_rate = 0.01
#   定义模型和优化器
model = tf.keras.Sequential([
    layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'),
    layers.Dense(256, activation='relu'),           #   全连接
    layers.Dense(10)
])
optimizer = optimizers.SGD(learning_rate=learn_rate)            #   优化器

#   迭代代码
for i in range(iter):
    print('i:',i)
    for step,(x,y) in enumerate(db):                            #   对每个batch样本做梯度计算
        #   将标记值转化为one-hot编码
        y_hot = np.zeros((y.shape[0], 10))
        for row_index in range(y.shape[0]):
            # print('这是i:{}, step:{} :'.format(i,step))
            y_hot[row_index][int(y[row_index].numpy()[0])] = 1

        with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
            x = tf.reshape(x,(-1,28*28))               #   将28*28展开为784
            out = model(x)
            loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(out-y_hot))
        grads = tape.gradient(loss,model.trainable_variables)               #   求梯度
        optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(grads,model.trainable_variables))     #   优化器进行参数优化
        if step % 100 == 0:
            print('i:{} ,step:{} ,loss:{}'.format(i, step,loss.numpy()))
            #   求准确率
            acc = tf.equal(tf.argmax(out,axis=1),tf.argmax(y_hot,axis=1))
            acc = tf.cast(acc,tf.int8)
            acc = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(acc,tf.float32))
            print('acc:',acc.numpy())